川东地区中二叠统茅口组天然气成因及气源
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摘要
为进一步明确川东地区茅口组天然气成因及来源,综合利用茅口组天然气组分和同位素分析等手段对茅口组天然气地球化学特征进行了研究。结果表明:川东地区茅口组天然气以甲烷为主,非烃组分较少,干燥系数普遍高于0. 99,属于典型的干气;茅口组天然气的δ~(13)C_1和δ~(13)C_2值分别为-34. 20‰～-28. 27‰和-35. 80‰～-28. 10‰,碳同位素值普遍具有部分倒转的特征,即甲烷碳同位素值大于乙烷碳同位素值,而乙烷碳同位素值小于丙烷碳同位素值;茅口组天然气的δ~(13)C_2值大多大于-28. 00‰,属于油型气的范畴,且主要为原油裂解气;茅口组天然气主要来自中二叠统自身烃源岩,局部混有下伏志留系龙马溪组烃源岩,据此建立了茅口组"下生上储、双源供烃"的成藏模式,预测卧67井—TL6井—池4井一带为茅口组白云岩有利勘探区带。研究成果对川东地区茅口组天然气来源的认识深化及勘探领域的拓展具有重要意义。
In order to further clarify the genesis and source of natural gas in Maokou Formation of eastern Sichuan Basin,the means like natural gas composition and isotope analysis were used to study the geochemical characteristics of natural gas in Maokou Formation. The study results show that the natural gas of Maokou Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin is mainly methane,with less nonhydrocarbon components,the aridity coefficient is generally higher than 0. 99,and it belongs to typical dry gas; the δ~(13)C_1 and δ~(13)C_2 values of natural gas in Maokou Formation are-34. 20‰--28. 27‰ and-35. 80‰--28. 10‰ respectively,the carbon isotope value is generally characterized by partial inversion,i.e.,the carbon isotope value of methane is larger than that of ethane,while the carbon isotope value of ethane is smaller than that of propane; the δ~(13)C_2 value of natural gas in Maokou Formation is mostly larger than-28. 00‰,and it belongs to the category of oil-formed gas and is mainly crude cracked gas; the natural gas of Maokou Formation mainly comes from the Middle Permian source rock itself,locally mixed with the underlying Silurian Longmaxi Formation source rock. Based on which,a petroleum accumulation model of " lower-source and upper-reservoir,double source hydrocarbon supply" in Maokou Formation was built,and wells Wo 67-TL 6-Chi 4 zone was predicted as the favorable exploration zone of Maokou Formation dolomite. The study achievements are of great significance to the deeply understanding of the natural gas source of Maokou Formation and the expansion of exploration realm in the area.
In order to further clarify the genesis and source of natural gas in Maokou Formation of eastern Sichuan Basin,the means like natural gas composition and isotope analysis were used to study the geochemical characteristics of natural gas in Maokou Formation. The study results show that the natural gas of Maokou Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin is mainly methane,with less nonhydrocarbon components,the aridity coefficient is generally higher than 0. 99,and it belongs to typical dry gas; the δ~(13)C_1 and δ~(13)C_2 values of natural gas in Maokou Formation are-34. 20‰--28. 27‰ and-35. 80‰--28. 10‰ respectively,the carbon isotope value is generally characterized by partial inversion,i.e.,the carbon isotope value of methane is larger than that of ethane,while the carbon isotope value of ethane is smaller than that of propane; the δ~(13)C_2 value of natural gas in Maokou Formation is mostly larger than-28. 00‰,and it belongs to the category of oil-formed gas and is mainly crude cracked gas; the natural gas of Maokou Formation mainly comes from the Middle Permian source rock itself,locally mixed with the underlying Silurian Longmaxi Formation source rock. Based on which,a petroleum accumulation model of " lower-source and upper-reservoir,double source hydrocarbon supply" in Maokou Formation was built,and wells Wo 67-TL 6-Chi 4 zone was predicted as the favorable exploration zone of Maokou Formation dolomite. The study achievements are of great significance to the deeply understanding of the natural gas source of Maokou Formation and the expansion of exploration realm in the area.
引文
[1]陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气勘探[J].中国石油勘探,2007,4(5):1-11.
[2]施泽进,夏文谦,王勇,等.四川盆地东南部茅口组古岩溶特征及识别[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):622-630.
[3]彭钰洁,朱炎铭.挤压应力对川东渝南龙马溪组页岩孔隙的影响[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):132-135.
[4]董才源,谢增业,朱华,等.川中地区中二叠统气源新认识及成藏模式[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(4):18-23.
[5]沈平,张健,宋家荣,等.四川盆地中二叠统天然气勘探新突破的意义及有利勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):1-9.
[6]赵宗举,周慧,陈轩,等.四川盆地及邻区二叠纪层序岩相古地理及有利勘探区带[J].石油学报,2012,33(增刊2):35-51.
[7]黄先平,杨天泉,张红梅.四川盆地下二叠统沉积相及其勘探潜力区研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):10-12.
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[10]黄士鹏,江青春,汪泽成,等.四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组与茅口组烃源岩的差异性[J].天然气工业,2016,36(12):26-34.
[11]宋晓波,隆轲,王琼仙,等.四川盆地西部中二叠统茅口组油气地质条件及勘探潜力[J].海相油气地质,2016,21(1):1-6.
[12]宁晔,郭淑婷,叶凯,等.移动组合式吸附天然气装置的研发[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(2):77-81.
[13]黄籍中,张子枢.四川盆地阳新统天然气的成因[J].石油勘探与开发,1982,14(1):12-25.
[14]朱光有,张水昌,梁英波,等.四川盆地天然气特征及气源[J].地学前缘,2006,13(2):234-243.
[15]王兰生,苟学敏,刘国瑜,等.四川盆地天然气的有机地球化学特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,1997,15(2):49-55.
[16]黄东,刘全洲,杨跃明,等.川西北部地区下二叠统茅口组油苗地球化学特征及油源研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(6):617-623.
[17]戴金星.四川盆地阳新统气藏的气源主要为煤成气:与黄籍中等同志商榷[J].石油勘探与开发,1983,15(4):70-75.
[18]蔡开平,王应蓉,杨跃明,等.川西北广旺地区二、三叠系烃源岩评价及气源初探[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):10-16.
[19]汪泽成,江青春,黄士鹏,等.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气大面积成藏的地质条件[J].天然气工业,2018,38(1):30-38.
[20]饶丹,秦建中,腾格尔,等.川西北广元地区海相层系油苗和沥青来源分析[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(6):596-599.
[21]宫清君,马贵阳,潘振,等.基于支持向量机-CV的天然气水合物生成预测[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(5):80-85.
[22]胡安平,陈汉林,杨树峰,等.卧龙河气田天然气成因及成藏主要控制因素[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):643-649.
[23]王顺玉,戴鸿鸣,王海清,等.四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩大型气田天然气地球化学特征与气源[J].天然气地球科学,2000,11(2):10-17.
[24]吴小奇,戴金星,廖凤蓉,等.四川盆地东部天然气中CO2的成因和来源[J].中国科学:D辑地球科学,2013,43(4):503-512.
[25]DAI Jinxing,XIA Xinyu,QIN Shengfei,et al.Origins of partially reversed alkaneδ13C values for biogenic gases in China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(4):405-411.
[26]戴金星.天然气碳氢同位索特征和各类天然气鉴别[J].天然气地球科学,1993,4(2/3):1-40.
[27]刚文哲,高岗,郝石生,等.论乙烷碳同位素在天然气成因类型研究中的应用[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(2):164-167.
[28]宋岩,徐永昌.天然气成因类型及其鉴别[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,32(4):24-29.
[29]刘文汇.海相层系多种烃源及其示踪体系研究进展[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):1-7.
[30]熊小峰,徐新德,郭潇潇,等.莺歌海盆地天然气乙烷碳同位素异常成因分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):85-89.
[31]赵孟军,曾凡刚,秦胜飞,等.塔里木发现和证实两种裂解气[J].天然气工业,2001,21(1):35-39.
[32]舒晓辉,张军涛,李国蓉,等.四川盆地北部栖霞组-茅口组热液白云岩特征与成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):442-458.
[33]梁狄刚,郭彤楼,陈建平,等.中国南方海相生烃成藏研究的若干新进展(二):南方四套区域性海相烃源岩的地球化学特征[J].海相油气地质,2009,14(1):1-15.
[34]王顺玉,戴鸿鸣,王海清,等.大巴山、米仓山南缘烃源岩特征研究[J].天然气地球科学,2002,11(4/5):4-16.
[2]施泽进,夏文谦,王勇,等.四川盆地东南部茅口组古岩溶特征及识别[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):622-630.
[3]彭钰洁,朱炎铭.挤压应力对川东渝南龙马溪组页岩孔隙的影响[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):132-135.
[4]董才源,谢增业,朱华,等.川中地区中二叠统气源新认识及成藏模式[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(4):18-23.
[5]沈平,张健,宋家荣,等.四川盆地中二叠统天然气勘探新突破的意义及有利勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):1-9.
[6]赵宗举,周慧,陈轩,等.四川盆地及邻区二叠纪层序岩相古地理及有利勘探区带[J].石油学报,2012,33(增刊2):35-51.
[7]黄先平,杨天泉,张红梅.四川盆地下二叠统沉积相及其勘探潜力区研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):10-12.
[8]杨光,汪华,沈浩,等.四川盆地中二叠统储层特征与勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):10-16.
[9]陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气勘探[J].中国石油勘探,2007,12(5):1-11.
[10]黄士鹏,江青春,汪泽成,等.四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组与茅口组烃源岩的差异性[J].天然气工业,2016,36(12):26-34.
[11]宋晓波,隆轲,王琼仙,等.四川盆地西部中二叠统茅口组油气地质条件及勘探潜力[J].海相油气地质,2016,21(1):1-6.
[12]宁晔,郭淑婷,叶凯,等.移动组合式吸附天然气装置的研发[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(2):77-81.
[13]黄籍中,张子枢.四川盆地阳新统天然气的成因[J].石油勘探与开发,1982,14(1):12-25.
[14]朱光有,张水昌,梁英波,等.四川盆地天然气特征及气源[J].地学前缘,2006,13(2):234-243.
[15]王兰生,苟学敏,刘国瑜,等.四川盆地天然气的有机地球化学特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,1997,15(2):49-55.
[16]黄东,刘全洲,杨跃明,等.川西北部地区下二叠统茅口组油苗地球化学特征及油源研究[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(6):617-623.
[17]戴金星.四川盆地阳新统气藏的气源主要为煤成气:与黄籍中等同志商榷[J].石油勘探与开发,1983,15(4):70-75.
[18]蔡开平,王应蓉,杨跃明,等.川西北广旺地区二、三叠系烃源岩评价及气源初探[J].天然气工业,2003,23(2):10-16.
[19]汪泽成,江青春,黄士鹏,等.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气大面积成藏的地质条件[J].天然气工业,2018,38(1):30-38.
[20]饶丹,秦建中,腾格尔,等.川西北广元地区海相层系油苗和沥青来源分析[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(6):596-599.
[21]宫清君,马贵阳,潘振,等.基于支持向量机-CV的天然气水合物生成预测[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2017,30(5):80-85.
[22]胡安平,陈汉林,杨树峰,等.卧龙河气田天然气成因及成藏主要控制因素[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):643-649.
[23]王顺玉,戴鸿鸣,王海清,等.四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩大型气田天然气地球化学特征与气源[J].天然气地球科学,2000,11(2):10-17.
[24]吴小奇,戴金星,廖凤蓉,等.四川盆地东部天然气中CO2的成因和来源[J].中国科学:D辑地球科学,2013,43(4):503-512.
[25]DAI Jinxing,XIA Xinyu,QIN Shengfei,et al.Origins of partially reversed alkaneδ13C values for biogenic gases in China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(4):405-411.
[26]戴金星.天然气碳氢同位索特征和各类天然气鉴别[J].天然气地球科学,1993,4(2/3):1-40.
[27]刚文哲,高岗,郝石生,等.论乙烷碳同位素在天然气成因类型研究中的应用[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(2):164-167.
[28]宋岩,徐永昌.天然气成因类型及其鉴别[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,32(4):24-29.
[29]刘文汇.海相层系多种烃源及其示踪体系研究进展[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):1-7.
[30]熊小峰,徐新德,郭潇潇,等.莺歌海盆地天然气乙烷碳同位素异常成因分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):85-89.
[31]赵孟军,曾凡刚,秦胜飞,等.塔里木发现和证实两种裂解气[J].天然气工业,2001,21(1):35-39.
[32]舒晓辉,张军涛,李国蓉,等.四川盆地北部栖霞组-茅口组热液白云岩特征与成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):442-458.
[33]梁狄刚,郭彤楼,陈建平,等.中国南方海相生烃成藏研究的若干新进展(二):南方四套区域性海相烃源岩的地球化学特征[J].海相油气地质,2009,14(1):1-15.
[34]王顺玉,戴鸿鸣,王海清,等.大巴山、米仓山南缘烃源岩特征研究[J].天然气地球科学,2002,11(4/5):4-16.