《华阳国志》所见西南地区祠庙探赜
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摘要
《华阳国志》是研究西南地区早期历史的珍贵资料,书中关于祠庙的记载对认识巴蜀等地的宗教信仰和祭祀文化具有重要价值。《华阳国志》中祠庙的祭祀对象具有多元性,大致包括帝王、神仙、清官循吏、当地名士和自然生灵。全书罗列了先秦至三国时期32座祠庙在巴、蜀、汉中、南中等地的分布情况,其中蜀地最多。通过对《华阳国志》所载西南地区祠庙的梳理,可以看出,秦汉魏晋时期的巴蜀文化在整合自身并主动融入大一统潮流之中的同时,依旧保留着自身的底蕴和魅力。
Records of Huayang State is a precious book for studying the early history of Southwest China,in which the records of ancestral temples are of great value for understanding the religious beliefs and sacrificial culture of Bashu and other places.The sacrificial objects of ancestral temples in Records of Huayang State are diverse,including emperors,immortals,officials,local celebrities and natural beings.The book lists the distribution of 32 temples from pre-Qin to the Three Kingdoms in Ba,Shu,Hanzhong and South China,among which the most are in Shu.Through sorting out the temples in southwest China in Records of Huayang State,we can see that the Bashu culture in Qin,Han,Wei and Jin Dynasties still retains its own connotation and charm while integrating itself actively into the unification.
Records of Huayang State is a precious book for studying the early history of Southwest China,in which the records of ancestral temples are of great value for understanding the religious beliefs and sacrificial culture of Bashu and other places.The sacrificial objects of ancestral temples in Records of Huayang State are diverse,including emperors,immortals,officials,local celebrities and natural beings.The book lists the distribution of 32 temples from pre-Qin to the Three Kingdoms in Ba,Shu,Hanzhong and South China,among which the most are in Shu.Through sorting out the temples in southwest China in Records of Huayang State,we can see that the Bashu culture in Qin,Han,Wei and Jin Dynasties still retains its own connotation and charm while integrating itself actively into the unification.
引文
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[3]刘景纯.《水经注》祠庙研究[J].中国历史地理论丛,2000(4):194-205.
[4]张寅潇.《华阳国志》史料价值再认识———以三国蜀汉研究为例[J].中国地方志,2018(3):30-38.
[5]雷闻.郊庙之外———隋唐国家祭祀与宗教[M].北京:三联书店,2009.
[6]刘锦藻.清朝文献通考[M].杭州:浙江古籍出版社,1988.
[7]【晋】常璩著,任乃强校注.华阳国志校补图注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1987.
[8]马端临.文献通考[M].北京:中华书局,2001.
[9]【北魏】郦道元著,陈桥驿校证.水经注校证[M].北京:中华书局,2013.
[10]【汉】班固.汉书[M].北京:中华书局,1962.
[11]周振鹤.中国历史文化区域研究[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1997.
[12]【晋】常璩著,刘琳校注.华阳国志[M].成都:巴蜀书社,1984.
[13]陈绪春,徐培.巴蜀汉代石阙的历史成因研究[J].美术大观,2017(9):70-71.
[14]范晔.后汉书[J].北京:中华书局,1965.
[15]姜生.汉帝国的遗产:汉鬼考[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[16]【清】朱彬撰,饶钦农点校.礼记训纂[M].北京:中华书局,1996.
[17]【汉】应劭撰,王利器校注.风俗通义校注[M].北京:中华书局,1981.
[18]贾大全,陈世松.四川通史·秦汉三国卷[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2010.
[19]彭卫.汉代婚姻形态[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2010.
[20]【汉】司马迁.史记[M].北京:中华书局,1959.
[21]【德】马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯全集[M].北京:人民出版社,1972.
[22]【晋】陈寿.三国志[M].北京:中华书局,1959.
[23]段渝.政治结构与文化模式:巴蜀古代文明研究[M].上海:学林出版社,1999.
[24]赵增殿.巴蜀文化几个问题的探讨[J].文物,1987(10):18-21.
[25]【清】严可均.全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文[M].北京:中华书局,1958.
[26]信立祥.汉代画像石综合研究[M].北京:文物出版社,2000.
[27]李复华,郭子游.郫县出土东汉画像石棺图像略说[J].文物,1975(8):63-65.
[28]贾二强.唐宋民间信仰[M].福州:福建人民出版社,2002.
[29]段渝.论战国末秦汉之际巴蜀文化转型的机制[J].中华文化论坛,2005(1):17-22.
[30]段渝.大禹史传与文明的演化[J].天府新论,2017(6):128-137.
[31]【汉】刘向著,王叔岷校笺.列仙传校笺[M].北京:中华书局,2007.