Cr12Mo1V1钢组织的高温转变行为
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摘要
使用高温金相技术观察研究了Cr12Mo1V1模具钢加热至950和1 200℃的升温过程、保温过程和冷却过程中的组织转变和碳化物溶解情况。试验结果表明,升温过程中,铁素体组织会呈现黑色,随着温度升高,会发生铁素体向奥氏体转变,在高温金相中表现为黑色组织向灰白色组织转变;保温过程中,将会发生碳化物明显溶解现象,在高温金相中,碳化物溶解呈现黑色颗粒尺寸逐渐增大,数量逐渐减少的现象,大颗粒共晶碳化物将会发生溶断和粒化;冷却过程中会发生马氏体转变,随着奥氏体化温度的升高,马氏体的结构会更细。
The phase transformation and carbide dissolution of Cr12Mo1V1 mold steel during heating to 950 and 1 200 ℃, holding for 10 min and cooling process were researched by high-temperature metallograph. The experimental results show that the ferrite exhibits black during the heating process. And with further increase in temperature, the ferrite transform to austenite, in consistence with the color change in the high-temperature metallograph from black to gray. During the insulation process, significant carbide dissolution occurs. As the high-temperature metallograph shows, the size of black particles gradually increases while the number gradually decreases, and large eutectic carbides dissolute and granulate. In cooling process, martensite transformation could be observed, and the martensite grain becomes finer as the austenitizing temperature increases.
The phase transformation and carbide dissolution of Cr12Mo1V1 mold steel during heating to 950 and 1 200 ℃, holding for 10 min and cooling process were researched by high-temperature metallograph. The experimental results show that the ferrite exhibits black during the heating process. And with further increase in temperature, the ferrite transform to austenite, in consistence with the color change in the high-temperature metallograph from black to gray. During the insulation process, significant carbide dissolution occurs. As the high-temperature metallograph shows, the size of black particles gradually increases while the number gradually decreases, and large eutectic carbides dissolute and granulate. In cooling process, martensite transformation could be observed, and the martensite grain becomes finer as the austenitizing temperature increases.
引文
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[2] 陈再良,陈蕴博,佟晓辉,等.典型冷作模具钢性能与失效关系的探讨[J].金属热处理,2006,31(2):87.(Chen Z L,Chen Y B,Tong X H,et al.Mechanical properties and failure types for cold-working die steels[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2006,31(2):87.)
[3] 李旭敏,方峰,涂益友,等.Mo含量对D2钢组织与性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2018,32(6):432.(Li X M,Fang F,Tu Y Y,et al.Effect of molybdenum on microstructure and properties of AISI D2 tool steel[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2018,32(6):432.)
[4] 伏思静,王静,李远辉,等.Ti的添加对Cr12MoV钢力学性能的影响[J].西华大学学报:自然科学版,2018,37(5):26.(Fu S J,Wang J,Li Y H,et al.Effects of Ti addition on mechanical properties of Cr12Mo V steel[J].Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition,2018,37(5):26.)
[5] 涂益友,蒋建清,朱旺龙,等.Al 对M2 高速钢凝固组织的影响[J].金属学报,2014,50(7):769.(Tu Y Y,Jiang J Q,Zhu W L,et al.Effect of aluminum on the solidification microstructure of M2 high speed steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014,50(7):769.)
[6] 肖志霞,李海鹏,何继宁,等.高速钢中共晶碳化物的研究进展[J].铸造,2017,66(10):1067.(Xiao Z X,Li H P,He J N,et al.Research progress of eutectic carbides in high-speed steel[J].Foundry,2017,66(10):1067.)
[7] 孙秀华,刘晓,于宗洋.Cr12型冷作模具钢热处理工艺及性能分析[J].物理测试,2017,35(6):11.(Sun X H,Liu X,Yu Z Y.Heat treatment process and property analysis of Cr12-type cold work die steel[J].Physics Examination and Testing,2017,35(6):11.)
[8] 刘芬,宋春梅,周海涛,等.热处理工艺对高铬铸铁组织与性能的影响[J].佳木斯大学学报:自然科学版,2013,31(3):411.(Liu F,Song C M,Zhou H T,et al.Effect of technology for heating on microstructure and properties of high chromium cast iron[J].Journal of Jiamusi University:Natural Science Edition,2013,31(3):411.)
[9] Hillert M,Nillson K,Torndahl L E.Effect of alloying elements on formation of austenite and dissolution of cementite[J].Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1971,209:49.
[10] 苏德达,李家俊.钢的高温金相学——钢的相变过程原位观察[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2007.(Su D D,Li J J.High Temperature Metallography of Steel——In-Situ Observation of Phase Transformation of Steel[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,2007.)
[11] 郭海滨,左秀荣,张新理,等.奥氏体化温度对奥氏体晶粒度及第二相固溶的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2016,28(2):63.(Guo H B,Zuo X R,Zhang X L,et al.Effect of austenitizing temperature on size of austenite grain and solid solution of second phase particles[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2016,28(2):63.)
[12] 李辉.高碳铬轴承钢中碳化物演变及贝氏体相变行为[D]//北京:北京科技大学,2015.(Li H.Carbide Evolution and Bainite Transformation Behavior of High-Carbon-Chromium Bearing Steel[D]//Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2015.)
[13] 崔向红,王树奇,吴宏,等.变质莱氏体钢中共晶碳化物的热处理粒化[J].吉林大学学报:工程技术版,2002,32(1):42.(Cui X H,Wang S Q,Wu H,et al.Granulation of eutectic carbide through heat-treatment in modified ledeburite steel[J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition,2002,32(1):42.)
[14] 马前,柳百成,王兆昌.Fe-C合金高温保温过程中碳化物表面形貌连续变化的研究[J].钢铁,1994,29(5):45.(Ma Q,Liu B C,Wang Z X.Study of the continuous morphological changes of carbide during high temperature holding of Fe-C alloys[J].Iron and Steel,1994,29(5):45.)
[15] 马前,王兆昌.白口铁热处理时共晶碳化物的溶解与粒状化[J].钢铁研究学报,1990,2(1):63.(Ma Q,Wang Z C.Dissolution and granulation of eutectic carbide during heat treatment of white cast iron[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,1990,2(1):63.)
[16] 徐祖耀.马氏体相变与马氏体[M].北京:科学出版社.1999.(Xu Z Y.Martensitic Transformation and Martensite[M].Beijing:Science Press.1999.)
[17] 刘宗昌,计云萍.淬火钢高硬度的最新解释[J].热处理技术与装备,2017,38(5):1.(Liu Z C,Ji Y P.The latest interpretation of high hardness in quenched steel[J].Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2017,38(5):1.)
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