南岭东段离子吸附型稀土矿成矿预测研究
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摘要
初步分析了南岭东段离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿地质条件及找矿标志,建立了找矿预测模型;在此基础上,提取了地质构造、岩体、地貌、找矿标志等成矿信息,基于证据权重法,采用地质体单元法,对成矿母岩网格化,计算各个证据图层的权重,圈定了离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿远景区,并开展了野外验证工作。根据证据权重及野外验证显示,成矿母岩、地形起伏度、地表切割深度、粘土信息及开采/盗采图斑是预测离子吸附型稀土矿的重要要素。本次预测成果野外验证成功率达31%。结果表明,综合利用离子吸附型稀土矿成矿条件及找矿标志信息,基于证据权重法圈定稀土矿远景区是有效的。
The research on regional metallogenic prediction will pay a vital role in the base investigation and mine management of the rare earths ore. In this paper, the metallogenic geological conditions and prospecting marks of ion-adsorption type rare earth ore in the eastern Nanling region were analysed, and the prediction model was established; Then, the geological structure, rock mass, landform and prospecting marks of metallogenic information were extracted, and after the ore-forming parent rocks meshed, the weight of each layer of evidence was calculated by evidence weight method. The metallogenic prospect areas of ion-adsorption type rare earths ore were delineated according to posterior probability, and the field validation also was carried out. According to the weight of evidence and field validation, the ore-forming parent rock, the relief amplitude, surface incision, clay and mining/illegal mining patches are the important forecast elements for ion-adsorption type rare earths ore. After the field validation, the success rate of the prediction results reaches 31%. The results showed that with the comprehensive utilization of metallogenic conditions and prospecting marks information, it is effective to delineate the prospecting areas of ion-adsorption type rare earths ore by the evidence weight method.
The research on regional metallogenic prediction will pay a vital role in the base investigation and mine management of the rare earths ore. In this paper, the metallogenic geological conditions and prospecting marks of ion-adsorption type rare earth ore in the eastern Nanling region were analysed, and the prediction model was established; Then, the geological structure, rock mass, landform and prospecting marks of metallogenic information were extracted, and after the ore-forming parent rocks meshed, the weight of each layer of evidence was calculated by evidence weight method. The metallogenic prospect areas of ion-adsorption type rare earths ore were delineated according to posterior probability, and the field validation also was carried out. According to the weight of evidence and field validation, the ore-forming parent rock, the relief amplitude, surface incision, clay and mining/illegal mining patches are the important forecast elements for ion-adsorption type rare earths ore. After the field validation, the success rate of the prediction results reaches 31%. The results showed that with the comprehensive utilization of metallogenic conditions and prospecting marks information, it is effective to delineate the prospecting areas of ion-adsorption type rare earths ore by the evidence weight method.
引文
[1] 陈毓川, 裴荣富, 张宏良,林新多,白鸽,李崇佑,胡永嘉, 刘群, 冼柏琪. 南岭地区与中生代花岗岩类有关的有色及稀有金属矿床地质[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1989.Chen Y C, Pei R F, Zhang H L, Lin X D, Bai G, Li C Y, Hu Y J, Liu Q, Xian B Q. The Geology of Nonferrous and Rare Metal Deposits Related to Mesozoic Granitoids in Nanling Area, China[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1989.
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[3] 刘衍宏, 刘少峰, 张川, 裴晓寅. 基于Hyperion数据的粘土矿物权重信息提取研究——以江西省赣州地区为例[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2010, 22(3):26-30.Liu Y H, Liu S F, Zhang C, Pei X Y. The weight information extraction of clay minerals based on Hyperion data: A case study of Ganzhou area, Jiangxi province[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2010, 22(3):26-30.
[4] 李明. 应用遥感技术提取含稀土矿花岗岩信息[J]. 福建地质, 2012, 31(1):67-73.Li M. Using remote sensing to distill the information of granite that contains rare-earth ore[J].Geology of Fujian, 2012, 31(1):67-73.
[5] 章钦瑜, 张登荣, 黄国成, 朱骏. 板桥稀土矿遥感找矿信息提取与矿产预测研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2012, 24(1):120-126.Zhang Q Y, Zhang D R, Huang G C, Zhu J. The remote sensing prospecting information extraction and mineral resources prognosis in the Banqiao rare earth mineral deposit[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2012, 24(1):120-126.
[6] 刘星, 胡光道. 应用 MORPAS 系统证据权重法进行多源信息成矿预测——以澜沧江南段地区为例[J]. 地质与勘探, 2003, 39(4):65-68.Liu X, Hu G D. Applying evidence weight model of MORPAS system to process multi-source information for predicting minerals resources—example from the Southern Lancangjiang area[J]. Geology and Prospecting, 2003, 39(4):65-68.
[7] 王登红, 陈振宇, 陈郑辉, 黄凡, 侯可军, 刘善宝, 赵芝, 赵正. 南岭东段北部岩浆岩同位素年代学填图的尝试及其新进展[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2014, 38(2):375-387.Wang D H, Chen Z Y, Chen Z H, Huang F, Hou K J, Liu S B, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. Progress of the tentative geochronological mapping of the igneous rocks in the northeastern section[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2014, 38(2):375-387.
[8] 赵芝, 王登红, 陈振宇, 郭娜欣, 刘新星, 何晗晗. 南岭东段与稀土矿有关岩浆岩的成矿专属性特征[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2014, 38(2): 255-263.Zhao Z, Wang D H, Chen Z Y, Guo N X, Liu X X, He H H. Metallogenic specialization of rare earth mineralized igneous rocks in the eastern Nanling region[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2014, 38(2): 255-263.
[9] 白鸽, 吴澄宇, 丁孝石.南岭地区稀土矿床形成条件和分布规律[R]. 北京:矿床地质研究所, 1989.Bai G, Wu C Y, Ding X S. The formation conditions and distribution law of rare earth deposit in Nanling, China[R]. Beijing: Institute of Deposit Geology, 1989.
[10] 杨岳清, 胡淙声, 罗展明. 离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿地质特征及找矿方向[A]. 中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所文集, 1981.Yang Y Q, Hu Z S, Luo Z M. Geological characteristics of mineralization of rare earth deposits of the ion-absorption type and their prospecting direction[A]. Proceedings of the Institute of Deposit Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 1981.
[11] 张祖海. 华南风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床[J]. 地质找矿论丛, 1990, 5(1):57-71.Zhang Z H. A study on weathering crust ion adsorption type REE deposists, South China[J]. Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research, 1990, 5(1):57-71.
[12] 霍明远. 中国南岭风化壳型稀土资源分布特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 1992, 7(1):64-70.Huo M Y. Distribution characteristics of the weathering-crust-type rare-earth resources in Nanling, China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 1992, 7(1):64-70.
[13] 王登红, 赵芝, 于扬, 赵汀, 李建康, 代晶晶, 刘新星, 何晗晗.离子吸附型稀土资源研究进展、存在问题及今后研究方向[J]. 岩矿测试, 2013, 32(5):796-802.Wang D H, Zhao Z, Yu Y, Zhao T, Li J K, Dai J J, Liu X X, He H H. Progress, problems and research orientation of ion-adsorption type rare earth resources[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2013, 32(5):796-802.
[14] 何耀, 程柳, 李毅, 冉登基, 韦青松. 离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿机理及找矿标志[J]. 稀土, 2015, 36(4):98-103.He Y, Cheng L, Li Y, Ran D J, Wei Q S. The mineralization mechanism of the ion adsorption type rare earths ore and prospecting marks[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(4):98-103.
[15] 董庆吉, 肖克炎, 陈建平, 丛源. 西南“三江”成矿带北段区域成矿断裂信息定量化分析[J].地质通报, 2010, 29(10):1479-1485.Dong Q J, Xiao K Y, Chen J P, Cong Y. The quantitative analysis of regional metallogenic fault in the northern segment of the Sanjiang metallogenic belt, southwestern China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(10):1479-1485.
[16] 刘新星, 陈毓川, 王登红, 黄凡, 赵芝.基于DEM的南岭东段离子吸附型稀土矿成矿地貌条件分析[J]. 地球学报, 2016, 37(2):174-184.Liu X X, Chen Y C, Wang D H, Huang F, Zhao Z. The metallogenic geomorphic condition analysis of the ion-absorbing type rare earths ore in the eastern Nanling region based on DEM data[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2016, 37(2):174-184.
[17] 赵芝, 王登红, 刘新星, 张青伟, 姚明, 顾文鳌. 广西花山岩体不同风化阶段稀土元素特征及其影响因素[J]. 稀土, 2015, 36(3):14-20.Zhao Z, Wang D H, Liu X X, Zhang Q W, Yao M, Gu W A. Geological features of rare earth elements in different weathering stage of the Guangxi Huashan granite and its influence factors[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(3):14-20.
[18] 张玉君, 曾朝铭, 陈薇. ETM+(TM)蚀变遥感异常提取方法研究与应用——方法选择和技术流程[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2003, 15(2):44-49.Zhang Y J, Zeng C M, Chen W. The methods for extraction of alteration anomalies from the ETM+(TM) data and their application method selection and technological flow chart[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2003, 15(2):44-49.
[19] 孙岩, 王训练, 陈建平, 王倩.基于证据权重法的沱沱河地区铅锌银矿成矿预测[J].地质通报, 2010, 29(4):556-564.Sun Y, Wang X L, Chen J P, Wang Q. Lead-zinc-silver metallogenic prediction based on GIS in Tuotuo river region, Qinghai, China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(4):556-564.
[20] 陈建平, 严琼, 李伟, 尚北川, 丁成武. 地质单元法区域成矿预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(4):1083-1091.Chen J P, Yan Q, Li W, Shang B C, Ding C W. Methods of geological statistics in prediction of mineral resources[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(4):1083-1091.
[21] 张道军, 成秋明, 左仁广. 证据权模型中两种预测单元划分方式对比[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(3):1040-1052.Zhang D J, Cheng Q M, Zuo R G. A comparison of two different unit division methods in weights of evidence[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(3):1040-1052.
[2] 袁忠信, 李建康, 王登红, 郑国栋, 娄德波, 陈郑辉, 赵芝, 于扬. 中国稀土矿床成矿规律[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2013.Yuan Z X, Li J K, Wang D H, Zheng G D, Lou D B, Chen Z H, Zhao Z, Yu Y. The Mineralization Law of Rare Earth Deposits in China[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2013.
[3] 刘衍宏, 刘少峰, 张川, 裴晓寅. 基于Hyperion数据的粘土矿物权重信息提取研究——以江西省赣州地区为例[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2010, 22(3):26-30.Liu Y H, Liu S F, Zhang C, Pei X Y. The weight information extraction of clay minerals based on Hyperion data: A case study of Ganzhou area, Jiangxi province[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2010, 22(3):26-30.
[4] 李明. 应用遥感技术提取含稀土矿花岗岩信息[J]. 福建地质, 2012, 31(1):67-73.Li M. Using remote sensing to distill the information of granite that contains rare-earth ore[J].Geology of Fujian, 2012, 31(1):67-73.
[5] 章钦瑜, 张登荣, 黄国成, 朱骏. 板桥稀土矿遥感找矿信息提取与矿产预测研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2012, 24(1):120-126.Zhang Q Y, Zhang D R, Huang G C, Zhu J. The remote sensing prospecting information extraction and mineral resources prognosis in the Banqiao rare earth mineral deposit[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2012, 24(1):120-126.
[6] 刘星, 胡光道. 应用 MORPAS 系统证据权重法进行多源信息成矿预测——以澜沧江南段地区为例[J]. 地质与勘探, 2003, 39(4):65-68.Liu X, Hu G D. Applying evidence weight model of MORPAS system to process multi-source information for predicting minerals resources—example from the Southern Lancangjiang area[J]. Geology and Prospecting, 2003, 39(4):65-68.
[7] 王登红, 陈振宇, 陈郑辉, 黄凡, 侯可军, 刘善宝, 赵芝, 赵正. 南岭东段北部岩浆岩同位素年代学填图的尝试及其新进展[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2014, 38(2):375-387.Wang D H, Chen Z Y, Chen Z H, Huang F, Hou K J, Liu S B, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. Progress of the tentative geochronological mapping of the igneous rocks in the northeastern section[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2014, 38(2):375-387.
[8] 赵芝, 王登红, 陈振宇, 郭娜欣, 刘新星, 何晗晗. 南岭东段与稀土矿有关岩浆岩的成矿专属性特征[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2014, 38(2): 255-263.Zhao Z, Wang D H, Chen Z Y, Guo N X, Liu X X, He H H. Metallogenic specialization of rare earth mineralized igneous rocks in the eastern Nanling region[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2014, 38(2): 255-263.
[9] 白鸽, 吴澄宇, 丁孝石.南岭地区稀土矿床形成条件和分布规律[R]. 北京:矿床地质研究所, 1989.Bai G, Wu C Y, Ding X S. The formation conditions and distribution law of rare earth deposit in Nanling, China[R]. Beijing: Institute of Deposit Geology, 1989.
[10] 杨岳清, 胡淙声, 罗展明. 离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿地质特征及找矿方向[A]. 中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所文集, 1981.Yang Y Q, Hu Z S, Luo Z M. Geological characteristics of mineralization of rare earth deposits of the ion-absorption type and their prospecting direction[A]. Proceedings of the Institute of Deposit Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 1981.
[11] 张祖海. 华南风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床[J]. 地质找矿论丛, 1990, 5(1):57-71.Zhang Z H. A study on weathering crust ion adsorption type REE deposists, South China[J]. Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research, 1990, 5(1):57-71.
[12] 霍明远. 中国南岭风化壳型稀土资源分布特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 1992, 7(1):64-70.Huo M Y. Distribution characteristics of the weathering-crust-type rare-earth resources in Nanling, China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 1992, 7(1):64-70.
[13] 王登红, 赵芝, 于扬, 赵汀, 李建康, 代晶晶, 刘新星, 何晗晗.离子吸附型稀土资源研究进展、存在问题及今后研究方向[J]. 岩矿测试, 2013, 32(5):796-802.Wang D H, Zhao Z, Yu Y, Zhao T, Li J K, Dai J J, Liu X X, He H H. Progress, problems and research orientation of ion-adsorption type rare earth resources[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2013, 32(5):796-802.
[14] 何耀, 程柳, 李毅, 冉登基, 韦青松. 离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿机理及找矿标志[J]. 稀土, 2015, 36(4):98-103.He Y, Cheng L, Li Y, Ran D J, Wei Q S. The mineralization mechanism of the ion adsorption type rare earths ore and prospecting marks[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(4):98-103.
[15] 董庆吉, 肖克炎, 陈建平, 丛源. 西南“三江”成矿带北段区域成矿断裂信息定量化分析[J].地质通报, 2010, 29(10):1479-1485.Dong Q J, Xiao K Y, Chen J P, Cong Y. The quantitative analysis of regional metallogenic fault in the northern segment of the Sanjiang metallogenic belt, southwestern China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(10):1479-1485.
[16] 刘新星, 陈毓川, 王登红, 黄凡, 赵芝.基于DEM的南岭东段离子吸附型稀土矿成矿地貌条件分析[J]. 地球学报, 2016, 37(2):174-184.Liu X X, Chen Y C, Wang D H, Huang F, Zhao Z. The metallogenic geomorphic condition analysis of the ion-absorbing type rare earths ore in the eastern Nanling region based on DEM data[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2016, 37(2):174-184.
[17] 赵芝, 王登红, 刘新星, 张青伟, 姚明, 顾文鳌. 广西花山岩体不同风化阶段稀土元素特征及其影响因素[J]. 稀土, 2015, 36(3):14-20.Zhao Z, Wang D H, Liu X X, Zhang Q W, Yao M, Gu W A. Geological features of rare earth elements in different weathering stage of the Guangxi Huashan granite and its influence factors[J]. Chinese Rare Earths, 2015, 36(3):14-20.
[18] 张玉君, 曾朝铭, 陈薇. ETM+(TM)蚀变遥感异常提取方法研究与应用——方法选择和技术流程[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2003, 15(2):44-49.Zhang Y J, Zeng C M, Chen W. The methods for extraction of alteration anomalies from the ETM+(TM) data and their application method selection and technological flow chart[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2003, 15(2):44-49.
[19] 孙岩, 王训练, 陈建平, 王倩.基于证据权重法的沱沱河地区铅锌银矿成矿预测[J].地质通报, 2010, 29(4):556-564.Sun Y, Wang X L, Chen J P, Wang Q. Lead-zinc-silver metallogenic prediction based on GIS in Tuotuo river region, Qinghai, China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(4):556-564.
[20] 陈建平, 严琼, 李伟, 尚北川, 丁成武. 地质单元法区域成矿预测[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(4):1083-1091.Chen J P, Yan Q, Li W, Shang B C, Ding C W. Methods of geological statistics in prediction of mineral resources[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(4):1083-1091.
[21] 张道军, 成秋明, 左仁广. 证据权模型中两种预测单元划分方式对比[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(3):1040-1052.Zhang D J, Cheng Q M, Zuo R G. A comparison of two different unit division methods in weights of evidence[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(3):1040-1052.