LTAD理论视域下的跨界跨项选材培养系统化实施路径的研究
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摘要
本研究本文采用文献资料法、访谈法、比较分析法等首先分析了跨界跨项工作中选材和培养的关系。其次,综述分析跨界跨项选材培养的前提、规律和要素。本研究认为,运动项目间的专项化时间差是跨界跨项选材培养的前提,运动项目的专项化时间特点形成了易跨项项目。跨界跨项选材培养的要素有动作技能,运动技能匹配的体能,心理、认知和情感素质以及心理表征。最后,结合理论和实践,在立足运动员长期培养理论的视角下讨论跨界跨项选材培养的系统化实施路径。
This study first analyzes the relationship between material selection and cultivation in cross-border cross-item work.Secondly,it summarizes the premise,rules and elements of cross-border cross-item selection.This study believes that the special time difference between sports projects is the prerequisite for cross-border cross-item selection.The characteristics of the sports project form an easy cross-project.The elements of cross-border cross-item selection culture include motor skills,physical skills,psychological,cognitive and emotional qualities,and psychological representation.Finally,combined with theory and practice,the systematic implementation path of cross-border cross-item selection and material selection is discussed from the perspective of long-term training theory of athletes.
This study first analyzes the relationship between material selection and cultivation in cross-border cross-item work.Secondly,it summarizes the premise,rules and elements of cross-border cross-item selection.This study believes that the special time difference between sports projects is the prerequisite for cross-border cross-item selection.The characteristics of the sports project form an easy cross-project.The elements of cross-border cross-item selection culture include motor skills,physical skills,psychological,cognitive and emotional qualities,and psychological representation.Finally,combined with theory and practice,the systematic implementation path of cross-border cross-item selection and material selection is discussed from the perspective of long-term training theory of athletes.
引文
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[31]Thorpe I,Wainwright R.This is me:The autobiography[M].New York:Simon and Schuster,2012.
[2]BALYI I,WAY R,HIGGS C.Long-Term Athlete Development[M].Champaign,IL:Human Kinetics,2013.
[3]黎涌明,陈小平.英国竞技体育复兴的体系特征及对我国奥运战略的启示[J].体育科学,2017,37(05):3-10.
[4]黎涌明,陈小平,冯连世.运动员跨项选材的国际经验和科学探索[J].体育科学,2018,38(08):3-13.
[5]Vaeyens R,Lenoir M,Williams A M,et al.Talent identification and development programmes in sport[J].Sports medicine,2008,38(9):703-714.
[6]Rees T,Hardy L,Güllich A,et al.The great British medalists project:a review of current knowledge on the development of the world’s best sporting talent[J].Sports Medicine,2016,46(8):1041-1058.
[7]王金灿.运动选材学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2009.
[8]Australian Swimming,Inc,Australian Swimming Multi-Y ear Age-Group Development Model[EB/OL].Http://www.nwoswimoths.com/presentotionsrDevelopment%30Model.pdf.
[9]陈小平.当代运动训练热点问题研究:理论与实践等待解决的问题[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2005:8.
[10]GIBBONS T,HILL R,MCCONNELL A,FORSTER T&MOORE J.The path to excellence:A comprehensive view of development of U.S.Olympians who competed from 1984-1998[M].Champaign,IL:Human Kinetics,2002.
[11]Joseph Baker,Stephen Cobley,Jessica Fraser-Thomas.What do we know about early sport specialization Not much![J].High Ability Studies,2009,20(1):77-89.
[12]Balyi I,Cardinal C,Higgs C,Norris S,Way R.Canadian Sport for Life:Long-term athlete development.Vancouver,BC:Canadian Sports Centers
[13]Balyi I,Way R.Paradigm Shifts in Coaching[J].Coaches Plan/plan Du Coach,2010.
[14]Collins R,Collins D,MacNamara,et al.Change of plans:an evaluation of the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of successful talent transfer[J].Journal of sports sciences,2014,32(17):1621-1630.
[15]Rea T,Lavallee D.An examination of athletes’experiences of the talent transfer process[J].Talent Development and Excellence,2015,7(1):41-67.
[16]GALLAHUE D L&DONNELLY F C.Developmental physical education for all children(4th ed.)[M].Champaign,IL:Human Kinetics,2003.
[17]陈小平.中国青少年训练---问题·对策·趋势[J].武汉体育学院学报,2014,48(11),80-86.
[18]宋元平.运动技能学导论[M].苏州:苏州大学出版社,2015:07.
[19]DICK F W.Sports Training Principles(5th ed.)[M].London:A&C Black,2007.
[20]茅鹏,严政,程志理.一元训练理论[J].体育与科学,2003,24(4):5-10.
[21]Bob,Bowman.Bob Bowman Talks about the Training in“ASCA Year Book of 2010”[M].US:ASCA,2010.
[22]R Rainer.Successful Coaching(4th Edition)[M].Champaign,IL:Human Kinetics,2012.
[23]FETTERS L.Perspective on variability in the development of human action[J].Physical Therapy,2010,90(12),1860-1867.
[24]PIAGET J.The construction of reality in the child[M].New York:Basic Books,1954.
[25]ERIKSON E.Identity and the life cycle:Psychological issues 1[M].New York:International Universities Press,1959.
[26]ERICSSON,K A,CHARNESS N,FELTOVICH P J,HOFFMAN R R.The Cambridge handbook of expertise and expert performance[M].New York:Cambridge U-niversity Press,2006.
[27]ERICSSON K A,Robert Pool.PEAK:Secrets from the New Science of Expertise[M].US:Eamon Dolan/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt,2016.
[28]TUCKER R.Genes vs Training:The secrets of success[EB/OL].https://www.sportsscientists.com/search?q=10,000+hours,2012.
[29]Phillips M G.Swimming Australia:one hundred years[M].Sydney University of New South Wales Press,2008.
[30]Green M,Houlihan B.Elite sport development:Policy learning and political priorities[M].London:Routledge,2005.
[31]Thorpe I,Wainwright R.This is me:The autobiography[M].New York:Simon and Schuster,2012.
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