土壤中重金属的生物有效性分析方法及其影响因素综述
|
摘要
土壤环境质量关系着粮食安全和生态安全。对土壤环境质量进行正确的评价尤为重要,而重金属的生物有效性对于揭示环境污染程度和评价生态风险具有重要意义,因此探寻土壤中重金属生物有效性的分析方法是目前国内外研究的热点。主要介绍了化学试剂提取法、薄膜扩散梯度技术(DGT)、道南膜技术(DMT)和同位素稀释法在重金属生物有效性分析方面的应用,并归纳了影响重金属生物有效性的主要因素,为重金属生物有效性分析方法的统一提供参考。
Soil environmental quality is related to food security and ecological security.Correct evaluation of soil environmental quality is particularly important and bioavailability of heavy metals is important for revealing the level of environmental pollution and evaluating ecological risk.The analysis methods of bioavailability of heavy metals in soil are the focus of research at home and abroad.The application of chemical extraction method,diffusive gradient in thin films technique(DGT),Donnan membrane technique(DMT)and isotope dilution method on bioavailability of heavy metals were introduced,and the main factors affecting bioavailability of heavy metals in soil were summarized,which would provide reference for the unity of analysis methods of heavy metal bioavailability.
Soil environmental quality is related to food security and ecological security.Correct evaluation of soil environmental quality is particularly important and bioavailability of heavy metals is important for revealing the level of environmental pollution and evaluating ecological risk.The analysis methods of bioavailability of heavy metals in soil are the focus of research at home and abroad.The application of chemical extraction method,diffusive gradient in thin films technique(DGT),Donnan membrane technique(DMT)and isotope dilution method on bioavailability of heavy metals were introduced,and the main factors affecting bioavailability of heavy metals in soil were summarized,which would provide reference for the unity of analysis methods of heavy metal bioavailability.
引文
[1]张书海,沈跃文.污灌区重金属污染对土壤的危害[J].环境监测管理与技术,2000,12(2):22-24.
[2]徐福银,梁晶,方海兰,等.上海市典型绿地土壤中重金属形态分布特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(6):60-64.
[3]夏增禄,张学询,孙汉中.土壤环境容量及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1988.
[4]刘清,王子健.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996,17(1):89-92.
[5]张传琦.土壤中重金属砷,镉,铅,铬,汞有效态浸提剂的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[6]MCBRIDE M B,NIBARGER E A,RICHARDS B K,et al.Trace metal accumulation by red clover grown on sewage sludge-amended soils and correlation to Mehlich 3and calcium chloride-extractable metals[J].Soil Science,2003,168(1):29-38.
[7]MENZIES N W,DONN M J,KOPITTKE P M.Evaluation of extractants for estimation of the phytoavailable trace metals in soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,145(1):121-130.
[8]LOCK K,JANSSEN C R.Influence of aging on copper bioavailability in soils[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2003,22(5):1162-1166.
[9]王婷,王静,孙红文,等.天津农田土壤镉和汞污染及有效态提取剂筛选[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(1):119-124.
[10]柴琳琳.重金属Ni、Co在紫花苜蓿和新疆某地土壤中的积累特征研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2013.
[11]侯明,王香桂.土壤有效态钒的浸提剂和浸提条件研究[J].土壤通报,2010,41(5):1241-1245.
[12]GUPTA A K,SINHA S.Chemical fractionation and heavy metal accumulation in the plant of Sesamum indicum(L.)var.T55grown on soil amended with tannery sludge:selection of single extractants[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(1):161-173.
[13]BAKIRCIOGLU D,KURTULUS Y B,IBAR H.Comparison of extraction procedures for assessing soil metal bioavailability of to wheat grains[J].Clean-Soil Air Water,2011,39(8):728-734.
[14]荆延德,何振立,杨肖娥.稻菜轮作制下土壤有效态汞提取剂和提取条件研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):185-189.
[15]徐亚平,刘凤枝,蔡彦明,等.土壤中铅镉有效态提取剂的选择[J].农业环境与发展,2005,22(4):46-48.
[16]贺静.冶炼厂周边重金属污染土壤有效态铜、镉提取方法的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[17]贺静,林玉锁,刘鹏,等.不同提取剂提取酸性土壤有效态Cu和Cd的方法研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2009,21(5):25-29.
[18]张利香,侯明.土壤中有效态汞的最佳萃取条件研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(6):1675-1678.
[19]ZHANG Mingkui,LIU Zhaoyun,WANG Huo.Use of single extraction methods to predict bioavailability of heavy metals in polluted soils to rice[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2010,41(7):820-831.
[20]BLACK A,MCLAREN R G,REICHMAN S M,et al.Evaluation of soil metal bioavailability estimates using two plant species(L.perenne and T.aestivum)grown in a range of agricultural soils treated with biosolids and metal salts[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(6):1523-1535.
[21]YANG Jie,TENG Yanguo,ZUO Rui,et al.Comparison of bioavailable vanadium in alfalfa rhizosphere soil extracted by an improved BCR procedure and EDTA,HCl,and NaNO3single extractions in a pot experiment with V-Cd treatments[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(12):8833-8842.
[22]张羽.土壤中重金属钒生物有效性的分析方法研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2014.
[23]于冰冰,阎秀兰,廖晓勇,等.用于表征三七种植区土壤中可利用态砷的化学提取剂的筛选[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1573-1579.
[24]黄瑞卿,王果,汤榕雁,等.酸性土壤有效砷提取方法研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(3):610-615.
[25]陶文靖,程丽娅,聂全新,等.土壤中重金属有效态分析方法研究[J].安徽地质,2014,24(4):300-303.
[26]喻华,杨剑虹,汪萍,等.ASI法与常规方法测定紫色土Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的相关性研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(2):424-427.
[27]刘肃,李西开.Mehlich3通用浸提剂的研究[J].土壤学报,1995,32(2):132-141.
[28]靳霞,王莉.M3法测定土壤有效态Cd、Cr、Pb和Ni[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(4):116-124.
[29]陆文利,聂俊华,周琨.土壤重金属元素测定方法比较[J].农业环境与发展,2004,21(5):44-46.
[30]顾国平,章明奎.蔬菜地土壤有效态重金属提取方法的比较[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(4):67-70.
[31]褚卓栋,张桂银,薛培英,等.根际和非根际土壤有效铅镉的浸提剂筛选[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(4):298-302.
[32]TESSIER A,CAMPBELL P,BISSON M.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[33]QUEVAUVILLER P,RAURET G,GRIEPINK B.Single and sequential extraction in sediments and soils[J].International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry,1993,51(1/2/3/4):231-235.
[34]CARRILLO GONZALEZ R,SIMUNEK J,SAUVE S,et al.Mechanisms and pathways of trace element mobility in soils[J].Advances in Agronomy,2006,91(6):111-178.
[35]ADRIANO D C.Trace elements in terrestrial environments:biogeochemistry,bioavailability and risks of metals[M].2nd ed.New York:Springer,2001.
[36]林跃胜,方凤满,魏晓飞.皖南茶园土壤重金属化学形态及其生物有效性[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):59-63.
[37]滕彦国,矫旭东,左锐,等.攀枝花矿区表层土壤中钒的环境地球化学研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(2):278-283.
[38]PARKER D R,PEDLER J F.Reevaluating the free-ion activity model of trace metal availability to higher plants[J].Plant and Soil,1997,196(2):223-228.
[39]WENG Liping,VAN RIEMSDIJK W H,TEMMINGHOFF E J M.Kinetic aspects of Donnan membrane technique for measuring free trace cation concentration[J].Analytical Chemistry,2005,77(9):2852-2861.
[40]张红振,骆永明,翁丽萍,等.道南膜技术测定自由态重金属离子研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(12):75-80.
[41]王瑜,董晓庆.利用道南膜技术研究土壤-番茄体系中自由态镉离子浓度[J].安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2013,19(1):85-88.
[42]赵磊,崔岩山,杜心,等.利用道南膜技术(DMT)研究土壤中重金属自由离子浓度[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(11):1565-1569.
[43]MCLAUGHLIN M J,TILLER K G,SMART M K.Speciation of cadmium in soil solutions of saline/sodic soils and relationship with cadmium concentrations in potato tubers(Solanum tuberosum L.)[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,1997,35(1):183-198.
[44]DAVISON W,GRIME G W,MORGAN J W,et al.Distribution of dissolved iron in sediment pore waters at submillimetre resolution[J].Nature,1991,352(6333):323-325.
[45]罗军,王晓蓉,张昊,等.梯度扩散薄膜技术(DGT)的理论及其在环境中的应用Ⅰ:工作原理、特性与在土壤中的应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(2):205-213.
[46]ZHANG Hao,ZHAO Fangjie,SUN Bo,et al.A new method to measure effective soil solution concentration predicts copper availability to plants[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35(12):2602-2607.
[47]宋宁宁,王芳丽,赵玉杰,等.基于梯度薄膜扩散技术评估黑麦草吸收Cd的研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(10):1826-1831.
[48]TONGTAVEE N,SHIOWATANA J,MCLAREN R G,et al.Assessment of lead availability in contaminated soil using isotope dilution techniques[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,348(1/2/3):244-256.
[49]NOLAN A L,MA Yibing,LOMBI E,et al.Measurement of labile Cu in soil using stable isotope dilution and isotope ratio analysis by ICP-MS[J].Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,2004,380(5/6):789-797.
[50]DEGRYSE F,WAEGENEERS N,SMOLDERS E.Labile lead in polluted soils measured by stable isotope dilution[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2007,58(1):1-7.
[51]HUANG Zhiyong,CHEN Ting,YU Jiang,et al.Labile Cd and Pb in vegetable-growing soils estimated with isotope dilution and chemical extractants[J].Geoderma,2011,160(3/4):400-407.
[52]HAMON R E,PARKER D R,LOMBI E.Advances in isotopic dilution techniques in trace element research:a review of methodologies,benefits,and limitations[J].Advances in Agronomy,2008,99:289-343.
[53]陈世宝,陈莉,马义兵,等.同位素技术在测定土壤重金属E、L-值中的应用及研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(6):2131-2136.
[54]崔邢涛,王学求,栾文楼.河北中南部平原土壤重金属元素存在形态及生物有效性分析[J].中国地质,2015,42(2):655-663.
[55]于君宝,王金达,刘景双,等.典型黑土pH值变化对微量元素有效态含量的影响研究[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(2):93-95.
[56]成杰民,潘根兴,郑金伟.太湖地区水稻土pH及重金属元素有效态含量变化影响因素初探[J].农业环境保护,2001,20(3):141-144.
[57]SIMPSON S L,APTE S C,BATLEY G E.Effect of shortterm resuspension events on the oxidation of cadmium,lead,and zinc sulfide phases in anoxic estuarine sediments[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2000,34(21):4533-4537.
[58]KELDERMAN P,OSMAN A A.Effect of redox potential on heavy metal binding forms in polluted canal sediments in Delft(the Netherlands)[J].Water Research,2007,41(18):4251-4261.
[59]汪金舫,刘铮.土壤中钒的化学结合形态与转化条件的研究[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(1):34-39.
[60]WEHRLI B,STUMM W.Vanadyl in natural waters:adsorption and hydrolysis promote oxygenation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(1):69-77.
[61]FOX P,DONER H.Trace element retention and release on minerals and soil in a constructed wetland[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2002,31(1):331-338.
[62]青长乐,牟树森,蒲富永,等.论土壤重金属毒性临界值[J].农业环境科学学报,1992,11(2):51-56.
[63]GOODMAN B A,CHESHIRE M V.The bonding of vanadium in complexes with humic acid:an electron paramagnetic resonance study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1975,39(12):1711-1713.
[64]章明奎,方利平,张履勤.酸化和有机质积累对茶园土壤铅生物有效性的影响[J].茶叶科学,2005,25(3):159-164.
[65]许炼烽,郝兴仁,冯显湘.城市蔬菜的重金属污染及其对策[J].生态科学,2000,19(1):80-85.
[66]SERRANO S,GARRIDO F,CAMPBELL C G,et al.Competitive sorption of cadmium and lead in acid soils of central spain[J].Geoderma,2005,124(1/2):91-104.
[67]王宏康.土壤中若干有毒元素的环境质量基准研究[J].农业环境保护,1993,12(4):162-165.
[68]徐明岗,武海雯,刘景.长期不同施肥下我国3种典型土壤重金属的累积特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(12):2319-2324.
[69]刘树堂,赵永厚,孙玉林,等.25年长期定位施肥对非石灰性潮土重金属状况的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(1):164-167.
[70]王美,李书田.肥料重金属含量状况及施肥对土壤和作物重金属富集的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):466-480.
[71]魏明宝,魏丽芳,胡波,等.长期施肥对土壤微量元素的影响进展研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(22):11951-11953,12018.
[72]王开峰,彭娜,王凯荣,等.长期施用有机肥对稻田土壤重金属含量及其有效性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(1).
[73]刘景,吕家珑,徐明岗,等.长期不同施肥对红壤Cu和Cd含量及活化率的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(3):914-919.
[74]李双异,刘赫,汪景宽.长期定位施肥对棕壤重金属全量及其有效性影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(6):1125-1129.
[75]高明,车福才,魏朝富.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(1):11-17.
[76]杜兵兵,罗盛旭,贾振亚,等.苦丁茶树土壤铅的形态分布及生物有效性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(7):31-34.
[77]TENG Yanguo,YANG Jie,SONG Liuting,et al.Fractionation and bioavailability of vanadium in alfalfa rhizosphere and bulk soils by greenhouse experiment[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2013,22(7):1837-1844.
[78]利锋,张学先,戴睿志.重金属有效态与土壤环境质量标准制订[J].广东微量元素科学,2008,15(1):7-10.
[79]何忠俊,梁社往,洪常青,等.土壤环境质量标准研究现状及展望[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(6):700-704.
[2]徐福银,梁晶,方海兰,等.上海市典型绿地土壤中重金属形态分布特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(6):60-64.
[3]夏增禄,张学询,孙汉中.土壤环境容量及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,1988.
[4]刘清,王子健.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996,17(1):89-92.
[5]张传琦.土壤中重金属砷,镉,铅,铬,汞有效态浸提剂的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[6]MCBRIDE M B,NIBARGER E A,RICHARDS B K,et al.Trace metal accumulation by red clover grown on sewage sludge-amended soils and correlation to Mehlich 3and calcium chloride-extractable metals[J].Soil Science,2003,168(1):29-38.
[7]MENZIES N W,DONN M J,KOPITTKE P M.Evaluation of extractants for estimation of the phytoavailable trace metals in soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,145(1):121-130.
[8]LOCK K,JANSSEN C R.Influence of aging on copper bioavailability in soils[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2003,22(5):1162-1166.
[9]王婷,王静,孙红文,等.天津农田土壤镉和汞污染及有效态提取剂筛选[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(1):119-124.
[10]柴琳琳.重金属Ni、Co在紫花苜蓿和新疆某地土壤中的积累特征研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2013.
[11]侯明,王香桂.土壤有效态钒的浸提剂和浸提条件研究[J].土壤通报,2010,41(5):1241-1245.
[12]GUPTA A K,SINHA S.Chemical fractionation and heavy metal accumulation in the plant of Sesamum indicum(L.)var.T55grown on soil amended with tannery sludge:selection of single extractants[J].Chemosphere,2006,64(1):161-173.
[13]BAKIRCIOGLU D,KURTULUS Y B,IBAR H.Comparison of extraction procedures for assessing soil metal bioavailability of to wheat grains[J].Clean-Soil Air Water,2011,39(8):728-734.
[14]荆延德,何振立,杨肖娥.稻菜轮作制下土壤有效态汞提取剂和提取条件研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):185-189.
[15]徐亚平,刘凤枝,蔡彦明,等.土壤中铅镉有效态提取剂的选择[J].农业环境与发展,2005,22(4):46-48.
[16]贺静.冶炼厂周边重金属污染土壤有效态铜、镉提取方法的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[17]贺静,林玉锁,刘鹏,等.不同提取剂提取酸性土壤有效态Cu和Cd的方法研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2009,21(5):25-29.
[18]张利香,侯明.土壤中有效态汞的最佳萃取条件研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(6):1675-1678.
[19]ZHANG Mingkui,LIU Zhaoyun,WANG Huo.Use of single extraction methods to predict bioavailability of heavy metals in polluted soils to rice[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2010,41(7):820-831.
[20]BLACK A,MCLAREN R G,REICHMAN S M,et al.Evaluation of soil metal bioavailability estimates using two plant species(L.perenne and T.aestivum)grown in a range of agricultural soils treated with biosolids and metal salts[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(6):1523-1535.
[21]YANG Jie,TENG Yanguo,ZUO Rui,et al.Comparison of bioavailable vanadium in alfalfa rhizosphere soil extracted by an improved BCR procedure and EDTA,HCl,and NaNO3single extractions in a pot experiment with V-Cd treatments[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(12):8833-8842.
[22]张羽.土壤中重金属钒生物有效性的分析方法研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2014.
[23]于冰冰,阎秀兰,廖晓勇,等.用于表征三七种植区土壤中可利用态砷的化学提取剂的筛选[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(8):1573-1579.
[24]黄瑞卿,王果,汤榕雁,等.酸性土壤有效砷提取方法研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(3):610-615.
[25]陶文靖,程丽娅,聂全新,等.土壤中重金属有效态分析方法研究[J].安徽地质,2014,24(4):300-303.
[26]喻华,杨剑虹,汪萍,等.ASI法与常规方法测定紫色土Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的相关性研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(2):424-427.
[27]刘肃,李西开.Mehlich3通用浸提剂的研究[J].土壤学报,1995,32(2):132-141.
[28]靳霞,王莉.M3法测定土壤有效态Cd、Cr、Pb和Ni[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(4):116-124.
[29]陆文利,聂俊华,周琨.土壤重金属元素测定方法比较[J].农业环境与发展,2004,21(5):44-46.
[30]顾国平,章明奎.蔬菜地土壤有效态重金属提取方法的比较[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(4):67-70.
[31]褚卓栋,张桂银,薛培英,等.根际和非根际土壤有效铅镉的浸提剂筛选[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(4):298-302.
[32]TESSIER A,CAMPBELL P,BISSON M.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[33]QUEVAUVILLER P,RAURET G,GRIEPINK B.Single and sequential extraction in sediments and soils[J].International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry,1993,51(1/2/3/4):231-235.
[34]CARRILLO GONZALEZ R,SIMUNEK J,SAUVE S,et al.Mechanisms and pathways of trace element mobility in soils[J].Advances in Agronomy,2006,91(6):111-178.
[35]ADRIANO D C.Trace elements in terrestrial environments:biogeochemistry,bioavailability and risks of metals[M].2nd ed.New York:Springer,2001.
[36]林跃胜,方凤满,魏晓飞.皖南茶园土壤重金属化学形态及其生物有效性[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):59-63.
[37]滕彦国,矫旭东,左锐,等.攀枝花矿区表层土壤中钒的环境地球化学研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(2):278-283.
[38]PARKER D R,PEDLER J F.Reevaluating the free-ion activity model of trace metal availability to higher plants[J].Plant and Soil,1997,196(2):223-228.
[39]WENG Liping,VAN RIEMSDIJK W H,TEMMINGHOFF E J M.Kinetic aspects of Donnan membrane technique for measuring free trace cation concentration[J].Analytical Chemistry,2005,77(9):2852-2861.
[40]张红振,骆永明,翁丽萍,等.道南膜技术测定自由态重金属离子研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(12):75-80.
[41]王瑜,董晓庆.利用道南膜技术研究土壤-番茄体系中自由态镉离子浓度[J].安庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2013,19(1):85-88.
[42]赵磊,崔岩山,杜心,等.利用道南膜技术(DMT)研究土壤中重金属自由离子浓度[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(11):1565-1569.
[43]MCLAUGHLIN M J,TILLER K G,SMART M K.Speciation of cadmium in soil solutions of saline/sodic soils and relationship with cadmium concentrations in potato tubers(Solanum tuberosum L.)[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,1997,35(1):183-198.
[44]DAVISON W,GRIME G W,MORGAN J W,et al.Distribution of dissolved iron in sediment pore waters at submillimetre resolution[J].Nature,1991,352(6333):323-325.
[45]罗军,王晓蓉,张昊,等.梯度扩散薄膜技术(DGT)的理论及其在环境中的应用Ⅰ:工作原理、特性与在土壤中的应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(2):205-213.
[46]ZHANG Hao,ZHAO Fangjie,SUN Bo,et al.A new method to measure effective soil solution concentration predicts copper availability to plants[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2001,35(12):2602-2607.
[47]宋宁宁,王芳丽,赵玉杰,等.基于梯度薄膜扩散技术评估黑麦草吸收Cd的研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(10):1826-1831.
[48]TONGTAVEE N,SHIOWATANA J,MCLAREN R G,et al.Assessment of lead availability in contaminated soil using isotope dilution techniques[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,348(1/2/3):244-256.
[49]NOLAN A L,MA Yibing,LOMBI E,et al.Measurement of labile Cu in soil using stable isotope dilution and isotope ratio analysis by ICP-MS[J].Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,2004,380(5/6):789-797.
[50]DEGRYSE F,WAEGENEERS N,SMOLDERS E.Labile lead in polluted soils measured by stable isotope dilution[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2007,58(1):1-7.
[51]HUANG Zhiyong,CHEN Ting,YU Jiang,et al.Labile Cd and Pb in vegetable-growing soils estimated with isotope dilution and chemical extractants[J].Geoderma,2011,160(3/4):400-407.
[52]HAMON R E,PARKER D R,LOMBI E.Advances in isotopic dilution techniques in trace element research:a review of methodologies,benefits,and limitations[J].Advances in Agronomy,2008,99:289-343.
[53]陈世宝,陈莉,马义兵,等.同位素技术在测定土壤重金属E、L-值中的应用及研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(6):2131-2136.
[54]崔邢涛,王学求,栾文楼.河北中南部平原土壤重金属元素存在形态及生物有效性分析[J].中国地质,2015,42(2):655-663.
[55]于君宝,王金达,刘景双,等.典型黑土pH值变化对微量元素有效态含量的影响研究[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(2):93-95.
[56]成杰民,潘根兴,郑金伟.太湖地区水稻土pH及重金属元素有效态含量变化影响因素初探[J].农业环境保护,2001,20(3):141-144.
[57]SIMPSON S L,APTE S C,BATLEY G E.Effect of shortterm resuspension events on the oxidation of cadmium,lead,and zinc sulfide phases in anoxic estuarine sediments[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2000,34(21):4533-4537.
[58]KELDERMAN P,OSMAN A A.Effect of redox potential on heavy metal binding forms in polluted canal sediments in Delft(the Netherlands)[J].Water Research,2007,41(18):4251-4261.
[59]汪金舫,刘铮.土壤中钒的化学结合形态与转化条件的研究[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(1):34-39.
[60]WEHRLI B,STUMM W.Vanadyl in natural waters:adsorption and hydrolysis promote oxygenation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(1):69-77.
[61]FOX P,DONER H.Trace element retention and release on minerals and soil in a constructed wetland[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2002,31(1):331-338.
[62]青长乐,牟树森,蒲富永,等.论土壤重金属毒性临界值[J].农业环境科学学报,1992,11(2):51-56.
[63]GOODMAN B A,CHESHIRE M V.The bonding of vanadium in complexes with humic acid:an electron paramagnetic resonance study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1975,39(12):1711-1713.
[64]章明奎,方利平,张履勤.酸化和有机质积累对茶园土壤铅生物有效性的影响[J].茶叶科学,2005,25(3):159-164.
[65]许炼烽,郝兴仁,冯显湘.城市蔬菜的重金属污染及其对策[J].生态科学,2000,19(1):80-85.
[66]SERRANO S,GARRIDO F,CAMPBELL C G,et al.Competitive sorption of cadmium and lead in acid soils of central spain[J].Geoderma,2005,124(1/2):91-104.
[67]王宏康.土壤中若干有毒元素的环境质量基准研究[J].农业环境保护,1993,12(4):162-165.
[68]徐明岗,武海雯,刘景.长期不同施肥下我国3种典型土壤重金属的累积特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(12):2319-2324.
[69]刘树堂,赵永厚,孙玉林,等.25年长期定位施肥对非石灰性潮土重金属状况的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(1):164-167.
[70]王美,李书田.肥料重金属含量状况及施肥对土壤和作物重金属富集的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):466-480.
[71]魏明宝,魏丽芳,胡波,等.长期施肥对土壤微量元素的影响进展研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(22):11951-11953,12018.
[72]王开峰,彭娜,王凯荣,等.长期施用有机肥对稻田土壤重金属含量及其有效性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(1).
[73]刘景,吕家珑,徐明岗,等.长期不同施肥对红壤Cu和Cd含量及活化率的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(3):914-919.
[74]李双异,刘赫,汪景宽.长期定位施肥对棕壤重金属全量及其有效性影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(6):1125-1129.
[75]高明,车福才,魏朝富.长期施用有机肥对紫色水稻土铁锰铜锌形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(1):11-17.
[76]杜兵兵,罗盛旭,贾振亚,等.苦丁茶树土壤铅的形态分布及生物有效性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(7):31-34.
[77]TENG Yanguo,YANG Jie,SONG Liuting,et al.Fractionation and bioavailability of vanadium in alfalfa rhizosphere and bulk soils by greenhouse experiment[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2013,22(7):1837-1844.
[78]利锋,张学先,戴睿志.重金属有效态与土壤环境质量标准制订[J].广东微量元素科学,2008,15(1):7-10.
[79]何忠俊,梁社往,洪常青,等.土壤环境质量标准研究现状及展望[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(6):700-704.