干旱荒漠区生态环境质量遥感动态监测——以古尔班通古特沙漠为例
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摘要
利用遥感生态指数(RSEI)对区域生态变化进行评价,可以快速、高效、客观地获取研究区生态环境变化状况.本研究以两期Landsat数据为数据源,计算研究区绿度、湿度、热度、干度4个生态因子的遥感生态指数,并基于主成分分析法确定其权重,对古尔班通古特沙漠2006—2017年间的生态环境时空格局进行定性和定量评价.结果表明:湿度和绿度对古尔班通古特沙漠生态环境质量起正面作用,而热度和干度对生态环境质量起负面作用,其中代表绿度指标的归一化植被指数(NDVI)的贡献最大.2006—2017年间,古尔班通古特沙漠的RSEI有所下降,其均值从0.294下降至0.243,降幅达20.1%,研究区的生态环境状况呈现整体变差的趋势.古尔班通古特沙漠中部生态环境较为稳定,东北部植被覆盖密集区及南缘灌溉区生态环境质量变好,沙漠南部及西北部区域生态环境质量变差.
Using remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) to evaluate regional ecological changes can obtain the ecological environment changes quickly, efficiently, and objectively. In this study, RSEI of four ecological factors, greenness, humidity, heat, and dryness were calculated using the Landsat data and the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological environment in the Gurbantunggut Desert from 2006 to 2017 were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated, based on the weights determined by principal component analysis. The results showed that humidity and greenness played a positive role in the eco-environment quality of the Gurbantunggut Desert, whereas heat and dryness had negative effects. Normalized vegetation index(NDVI) representing the greenness was the top contributor among those four factors. The RSEI of the Gurbantunggut Desert declined from 2006 to 2017, with a 20.1% decrease of the mean value from 0.294 in 2006 to 0.243 in 2017. The ecological environment of the study area showed a deterioration. The eco-environmental quality of the central part of the Gurbantunggut Desert was relatively stable. The eco-environment quality of the dense vegetation areas in the northeast and the irrigated areas in the south was getting better, but that of southern and northwestern parts of the desert was getting worse.
Using remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) to evaluate regional ecological changes can obtain the ecological environment changes quickly, efficiently, and objectively. In this study, RSEI of four ecological factors, greenness, humidity, heat, and dryness were calculated using the Landsat data and the spatial and temporal patterns of ecological environment in the Gurbantunggut Desert from 2006 to 2017 were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated, based on the weights determined by principal component analysis. The results showed that humidity and greenness played a positive role in the eco-environment quality of the Gurbantunggut Desert, whereas heat and dryness had negative effects. Normalized vegetation index(NDVI) representing the greenness was the top contributor among those four factors. The RSEI of the Gurbantunggut Desert declined from 2006 to 2017, with a 20.1% decrease of the mean value from 0.294 in 2006 to 0.243 in 2017. The ecological environment of the study area showed a deterioration. The eco-environmental quality of the central part of the Gurbantunggut Desert was relatively stable. The eco-environment quality of the dense vegetation areas in the northeast and the irrigated areas in the south was getting better, but that of southern and northwestern parts of the desert was getting worse.
引文
[1] Song S-B (宋松柏), Cai H-J (蔡焕杰). Comprehensive quantitative assessment models for ecological environment in arid area. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2004, 24(11): 2509-2515 (in Chinese)
[2] Yan Q-Z (郇庆治). The Construction of Ecological Civi-lization is the “Great Politics” of the New Era [EB/OL]. (2018-07-16) [2018-07-16] http://bjrb.bjd.com.cn/html/2018-07/16/content_265378.htm (in Chinese)
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[5] Guo W-H (郭文浩),Wu L-M (吴俐民), Zuo X-Q (左小清), et al. Water body extraction of Huainan City based on TM images. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying (工程勘察), 2018, 46(3): 64-67 (in Chinese)
[6] Li W-P (李文苹), Wang X-H (王旭红), Li T-W (李天文), et al. Extraction method of spectral information of inland surface water body in Yellow River Basin. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持通报), 2017, 37(2): 158-164 (in Chinese)
[7] Coutts AM, Harris RJ, Phan T, et al. Thermal infrared remote sensing of urban heat: Hotspots, vegetation, and an assessment of techniques for use in urban planning. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2016, 186: 637-651
[8] Cheng MY, Wang MJ, Jonathan L. Derivation of the characteristics of the Surface Urban Heat Island in the Greater Toronto area using thermal infrared remote sensing. Remote Sensing Letters, 2017, 87: 637-646
[9] Xu H-Q (徐涵秋). A remote sensing index for assessment of regional ecological changes. China Environmental Science (中国环境科学), 2013, 33(5): 889-897 (in Chinese)
[10] Shi T-T (施婷婷), Xu H-Q (徐涵秋), Tang F (唐菲). Built-up land change and its impact on ecological quality in a fast-growing economic zone: Jinjiang County, Fujian Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(4): 1317-1325 (in Chinese)
[11] Wen X-L (温小乐), Lin Z-F (林征峰), Tang F (唐菲). Remote sensing analysis of ecological change caused by construction of the new island city: Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone, Fujian Province. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(2): 541-547 (in Chinese)
[12] Zhang X-D (张晓东), Liu X-N (刘湘南), Zhao Z-P (赵志鹏), et al. Dynamic monitoring of ecology and environment in the agro-pastral ecotone based on remote sensing: A case of Yanchi County in Ningxia Hui Auto-nomous Region. Arid Land Geography (干旱区地理), 2017, 40(5): 1070-1078 (in Chinese)
[13] Li X (李晓), Li J-J (李俊久). “One Belt and One Road” and the reshaping of China’s geopolitical and geoeconomic strategy. World Economics and Politics (世界经济与政治), 2015(10): 30-59 (in Chinese)
[14] Hu Z-G (胡志高), Zhao J-J (赵建基). A study on industry structure optimization of Xinjiang under the background of “One Belt and One Road”. Journal of the Party School (兵团党校学报), 2015(4): 46-49 (in Chinese)
[15] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁), Zhang L-Y (张立运), et al. Impact of ecoenvironment on vegetation community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2004, 59(6): 896-899 (in Chinese)
[16] Ji F (季方), Ye W (叶玮), Wei W-S (魏文寿). Preliminary study on the formation causes of the fixed and semi-fixed dunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Land Geography (干旱区地理), 2000, 23(1): 32-36 (in Chinese)
[17] Qin WF, Chen X, Zhou KF, et al. Ground-penetrating radar for monitoring the distribution of near-surface soil water content in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2013, 70: 2883-2893
[18] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Zhang L-Y (张立运), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁). Destruction and regeneration of the desert vegetation in the engineering activities in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Zone Research (干旱区研究), 2001, 18(4): 47-51 (in Chinese)
[19] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁). Environmental Research in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Beijing: Science Press, 2010 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhong D-C (钟德才). The dynamic changes and trends of modern desert in China. Advance in Earth Sciences (地球科学进展), 1999, 14(3): 229-234 (in Chinese)
[21] Qian YB, Wu ZN, Zhang LY, et al. Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plant community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2004, 14: 447-455
[22] Chen C-D (陈昌笃). Vegetation characteristics of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Northern Xinjiang and the desertification problem in the marginal areas. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Comprehensive Improvement of Land Desertification, Lanzhou, 1984: 70-72 (in Chinese)
[23] Zhang L-Y (张立运), Liu S (刘速), Zhou X-J (周兴佳), et al. The affection of engineering action on the vegetation in the in Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Zone Research (干旱区研究), 1998, 15(4): 16-20 (in Chinese)
[24] State Environmental Protection Administration (国家环保总局). Environmental Protection Industry Standards of the People’s Republic of China (Trial). HJ/T 192-2006. Beijing: China Standards Press (in Chinese)
[25] Goward SN, Xue YK, Czajkowski KP. Evaluating land surface moisture conditions from the remotely sensed temperature/vegetation index measurements: An exploration with the simplified simple biosphere model. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2002, 79: 225-242
[26] Crist EP. A TM tasseled cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 1985, 17: 301-306
[27] Baig MHA, Zhang LF, Shuai T, et al. Derivation of a tasselled cap transformation based on Landsat 8 at-satellite reflectance. Remote Sensing Letters, 2014, 5: 423-431
[28] Rikimaru A, Roy PS, Miyatake S. Tropical forest cover density mapping. Tropical Ecology, 2002, 43: 39-47
[29] Xu HQ. A new index for delineating built-up land features in satellite imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008, 29: 4269-4276
[30] Nichol J. Remote sensing of urban heat islands by day and night. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 2005, 71: 613-621
[31] Chander G, Markham BL, Helder DL. Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2009, 113: 893-903
[32] Jr Chavez PS. Image-based atmospheric corrections-revisited and revised. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1996, 62: 1025-1036
[2] Yan Q-Z (郇庆治). The Construction of Ecological Civi-lization is the “Great Politics” of the New Era [EB/OL]. (2018-07-16) [2018-07-16] http://bjrb.bjd.com.cn/html/2018-07/16/content_265378.htm (in Chinese)
[3] Ochoa-Gaona S, Kampichler C, de Jong BHJ, et al. A multi-criterion index for the evaluation of local tropical forest conditions in Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260: 618-627
[4] Wang Y-J (王颖洁), Liu L-Y (刘良云), Wang Z-H (王志慧). Land covermapping based on Landsat time-series stacks in Sanjiang Plain. Remote Sensing Techno-logy and Application (遥感技术与应用), 2015, 30(5): 959-968 (in Chinese)
[5] Guo W-H (郭文浩),Wu L-M (吴俐民), Zuo X-Q (左小清), et al. Water body extraction of Huainan City based on TM images. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying (工程勘察), 2018, 46(3): 64-67 (in Chinese)
[6] Li W-P (李文苹), Wang X-H (王旭红), Li T-W (李天文), et al. Extraction method of spectral information of inland surface water body in Yellow River Basin. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持通报), 2017, 37(2): 158-164 (in Chinese)
[7] Coutts AM, Harris RJ, Phan T, et al. Thermal infrared remote sensing of urban heat: Hotspots, vegetation, and an assessment of techniques for use in urban planning. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2016, 186: 637-651
[8] Cheng MY, Wang MJ, Jonathan L. Derivation of the characteristics of the Surface Urban Heat Island in the Greater Toronto area using thermal infrared remote sensing. Remote Sensing Letters, 2017, 87: 637-646
[9] Xu H-Q (徐涵秋). A remote sensing index for assessment of regional ecological changes. China Environmental Science (中国环境科学), 2013, 33(5): 889-897 (in Chinese)
[10] Shi T-T (施婷婷), Xu H-Q (徐涵秋), Tang F (唐菲). Built-up land change and its impact on ecological quality in a fast-growing economic zone: Jinjiang County, Fujian Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(4): 1317-1325 (in Chinese)
[11] Wen X-L (温小乐), Lin Z-F (林征峰), Tang F (唐菲). Remote sensing analysis of ecological change caused by construction of the new island city: Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone, Fujian Province. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2015, 26(2): 541-547 (in Chinese)
[12] Zhang X-D (张晓东), Liu X-N (刘湘南), Zhao Z-P (赵志鹏), et al. Dynamic monitoring of ecology and environment in the agro-pastral ecotone based on remote sensing: A case of Yanchi County in Ningxia Hui Auto-nomous Region. Arid Land Geography (干旱区地理), 2017, 40(5): 1070-1078 (in Chinese)
[13] Li X (李晓), Li J-J (李俊久). “One Belt and One Road” and the reshaping of China’s geopolitical and geoeconomic strategy. World Economics and Politics (世界经济与政治), 2015(10): 30-59 (in Chinese)
[14] Hu Z-G (胡志高), Zhao J-J (赵建基). A study on industry structure optimization of Xinjiang under the background of “One Belt and One Road”. Journal of the Party School (兵团党校学报), 2015(4): 46-49 (in Chinese)
[15] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁), Zhang L-Y (张立运), et al. Impact of ecoenvironment on vegetation community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 2004, 59(6): 896-899 (in Chinese)
[16] Ji F (季方), Ye W (叶玮), Wei W-S (魏文寿). Preliminary study on the formation causes of the fixed and semi-fixed dunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Land Geography (干旱区地理), 2000, 23(1): 32-36 (in Chinese)
[17] Qin WF, Chen X, Zhou KF, et al. Ground-penetrating radar for monitoring the distribution of near-surface soil water content in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2013, 70: 2883-2893
[18] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Zhang L-Y (张立运), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁). Destruction and regeneration of the desert vegetation in the engineering activities in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Zone Research (干旱区研究), 2001, 18(4): 47-51 (in Chinese)
[19] Qian Y-B (钱亦兵), Wu Z-N (吴兆宁). Environmental Research in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Beijing: Science Press, 2010 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhong D-C (钟德才). The dynamic changes and trends of modern desert in China. Advance in Earth Sciences (地球科学进展), 1999, 14(3): 229-234 (in Chinese)
[21] Qian YB, Wu ZN, Zhang LY, et al. Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plant community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2004, 14: 447-455
[22] Chen C-D (陈昌笃). Vegetation characteristics of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Northern Xinjiang and the desertification problem in the marginal areas. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Comprehensive Improvement of Land Desertification, Lanzhou, 1984: 70-72 (in Chinese)
[23] Zhang L-Y (张立运), Liu S (刘速), Zhou X-J (周兴佳), et al. The affection of engineering action on the vegetation in the in Gurbantunggut Desert. Arid Zone Research (干旱区研究), 1998, 15(4): 16-20 (in Chinese)
[24] State Environmental Protection Administration (国家环保总局). Environmental Protection Industry Standards of the People’s Republic of China (Trial). HJ/T 192-2006. Beijing: China Standards Press (in Chinese)
[25] Goward SN, Xue YK, Czajkowski KP. Evaluating land surface moisture conditions from the remotely sensed temperature/vegetation index measurements: An exploration with the simplified simple biosphere model. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2002, 79: 225-242
[26] Crist EP. A TM tasseled cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 1985, 17: 301-306
[27] Baig MHA, Zhang LF, Shuai T, et al. Derivation of a tasselled cap transformation based on Landsat 8 at-satellite reflectance. Remote Sensing Letters, 2014, 5: 423-431
[28] Rikimaru A, Roy PS, Miyatake S. Tropical forest cover density mapping. Tropical Ecology, 2002, 43: 39-47
[29] Xu HQ. A new index for delineating built-up land features in satellite imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008, 29: 4269-4276
[30] Nichol J. Remote sensing of urban heat islands by day and night. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 2005, 71: 613-621
[31] Chander G, Markham BL, Helder DL. Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2009, 113: 893-903
[32] Jr Chavez PS. Image-based atmospheric corrections-revisited and revised. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 1996, 62: 1025-1036
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