不同尺寸冲击倾向性煤样声发射b值特征研究
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摘要
利用岩石力学试验机和AMSY-6发射信号采集系统对不同尺寸强冲击倾向性煤样进行了单轴压缩的声发射测试,借助地震学中的G-R关系探讨了其变形破坏过程中的声发射振幅随时间的动态演化规律。试验结果表明:采用累计频次和微分频次所计算的b值均能得到相似的规律,对于数据量小时可优先采用累计频次,数据量较大时可优先采用微分频次;声发射b值可以表征煤岩体失稳破坏过程,可分为3个阶段:初始波动下降、非稳定过渡、直线下降,可归结为"递减-波动-下降"模式,3个阶段分别与应力应变曲线的各阶段相对应;不同尺寸煤岩声发射变化趋势不同,随着试件尺寸的增大,b值前期变化趋于不稳定,进入塑性阶段后表现出较高的一致性,失稳破坏前兆特征的尺寸效应并不明显;声发射b值在煤岩失稳破坏前均降至最低点,b值下降的突变点位于0.80～0.85倍峰值应力范围内,因此可以把塑性阶段b值的持续下降阶段作为煤岩失稳破坏的一个前兆特征。
Acoustic emission tests of uniaxial compression of different sizes of bump-prone coal samples were carried out by using rock mechanics testing machine and AMSY-6 launch signal acquisition system.With the aid of the G-R Relation in seismology,the dynamic evolution law of acoustic emission amplitude with time was discussed.The test results show that the b-value calculated by the cumulative frequency and the differential frequency can obtain similar rules,When the data amount is small,the cumulative frequency can be used preferentially.When the data volume is large,the differential frequency can be used preferentially.The b-value can be used to characterize the coal body failure process of acoustic emission,can be divided into b-value changes three stages: the initial downward stage,the unsteady transition stage and the linear decline phase,which can be attributed to the mode of "degression-undulating-descent",the three stages correspond to each stage of the stress-strain curve.The acoustic emission trends of different sizes of coal and rock are different.With the increase of the size of e test piece,the b-value change tends to be unstable in the early stage,and it shows a high consistency after entering the plastic stage,and the size effect of the precursor characteristics of steady damage is not obvious.The b-value of acoustic emission was reduced to the lowest point before the failure of coal body,and the b-value decreased in the peak stress range of 0.80 ～ 0.85,so the continuous decline phase of the b-value of the plastic stage is regarded as a precursor feature of coal and rock instability failure.
Acoustic emission tests of uniaxial compression of different sizes of bump-prone coal samples were carried out by using rock mechanics testing machine and AMSY-6 launch signal acquisition system.With the aid of the G-R Relation in seismology,the dynamic evolution law of acoustic emission amplitude with time was discussed.The test results show that the b-value calculated by the cumulative frequency and the differential frequency can obtain similar rules,When the data amount is small,the cumulative frequency can be used preferentially.When the data volume is large,the differential frequency can be used preferentially.The b-value can be used to characterize the coal body failure process of acoustic emission,can be divided into b-value changes three stages: the initial downward stage,the unsteady transition stage and the linear decline phase,which can be attributed to the mode of "degression-undulating-descent",the three stages correspond to each stage of the stress-strain curve.The acoustic emission trends of different sizes of coal and rock are different.With the increase of the size of e test piece,the b-value change tends to be unstable in the early stage,and it shows a high consistency after entering the plastic stage,and the size effect of the precursor characteristics of steady damage is not obvious.The b-value of acoustic emission was reduced to the lowest point before the failure of coal body,and the b-value decreased in the peak stress range of 0.80 ～ 0.85,so the continuous decline phase of the b-value of the plastic stage is regarded as a precursor feature of coal and rock instability failure.
引文
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[10]曾正文,马瑾,刘力强,等.岩石破裂扩展过程中的声发射b值动态特征及意义[J].地震地质,1995,17(1):7-11.ZENG Zhengwen,MA Jin,LIU Liqiang,et al. B-value dynamic features of AE during rock mass fracturing and their significances[J].Seismology and Geology,1995,17(1):7-11.
[11]蒋军军.煤岩失稳破坏声发射-微震特征及在冲击地压预测中应用[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2016.
[12] LEI X L,MASUDA K,NISHIZAWA O,et al. Detailed analysis ofacoustic emission activity during catastrophic fracture of faults in rock[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2004,26(2):247-258.
[13]李宏艳,康立军,徐子杰,等.不同冲击倾向煤体失稳破坏声发射先兆信息分析[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):384-388.LI Hongyan,KANG Lijun,XU Zijie,et al. Precursor information analysis on acoustic emission of coal with different outburst proneness[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):384-388.
[14]杨磊,毛德兵.单轴压缩下冲击倾向性煤样声发射特性的实验研究[J].煤矿开采,2013,18(1):14-16.YANG Lei,MAO Debing.Experiment of acoustic emission Characteristic of coal sample with rock-bust liability under uniaxial compression condition[J]. Coal Mining Technology,2013,18(1):14-16.
[15]李元辉,刘建坡,赵兴东,等.岩石破裂过程中的声发射b值及分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2559-2563.LI Yuanhui,LIU Jianpo,ZHAO Xingdong,et al.Study on b-value and fractal dimension of acoustic emission during rock failure process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(9):2559-2563.
[2]齐庆新,窦林名.冲击地压理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
[3] LEGGE N B,SPOTTISWOODE S M. Fracturing and microseismicity ahead of a deep gold mine Stope in the preremnant and remnant stages of mining[C].Proc 6th ICRM,1987:1071-1077.
[4] SCHOLZ C H,The frequency-magnitude relation of micro-fracturing in rock and its relation to earthquake[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1968,58(1):399-415.
[5] GIBOWICZ S J. Stress drop and aftershocks bull[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1973,63(4):1433-1446.
[6]贺虎,窦林名,巩思园,等.高构造应力区矿震规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(1):7-13.HE Hu,DOU Linming,GONG Siyuan,et al.Study of mining shock in high tectonic stress zones[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2011,40(1):7-13.
[7]赵毅鑫,姜耀东,王涛,等.“两硬”条件下冲击地压微震信号特征及前兆识别[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(12):1960-1966.ZHAO Yixin,JIANG Yaodong,WANG Tao,et al.Features of microseismic events and precursors of rock burst inunderground coal mining with hard roof[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(12):1960-1966.
[8]夏永学,康立军,齐庆新,等.基于微震监测的5个指标及其在冲击地压预测中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2011,35(12):2011-2017.XIA Yongxue,KANG Lijun,QI Qingxin,et al. deviation between mag-nitude-frequency statistics and G-R relationship[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,35(12):2011-2017.
[9]董毓利,谢和平,赵鹏.砼受压全过程声发射b值与分形维值的研究[J].试验力学,1996,11(3):273-276.DONG Yuli,XIE Heping,ZHAO Peng.Study on b value and fractal dimension Dfof concrete under complete process compression[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,1996,11(3):273-276.
[10]曾正文,马瑾,刘力强,等.岩石破裂扩展过程中的声发射b值动态特征及意义[J].地震地质,1995,17(1):7-11.ZENG Zhengwen,MA Jin,LIU Liqiang,et al. B-value dynamic features of AE during rock mass fracturing and their significances[J].Seismology and Geology,1995,17(1):7-11.
[11]蒋军军.煤岩失稳破坏声发射-微震特征及在冲击地压预测中应用[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2016.
[12] LEI X L,MASUDA K,NISHIZAWA O,et al. Detailed analysis ofacoustic emission activity during catastrophic fracture of faults in rock[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2004,26(2):247-258.
[13]李宏艳,康立军,徐子杰,等.不同冲击倾向煤体失稳破坏声发射先兆信息分析[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):384-388.LI Hongyan,KANG Lijun,XU Zijie,et al. Precursor information analysis on acoustic emission of coal with different outburst proneness[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):384-388.
[14]杨磊,毛德兵.单轴压缩下冲击倾向性煤样声发射特性的实验研究[J].煤矿开采,2013,18(1):14-16.YANG Lei,MAO Debing.Experiment of acoustic emission Characteristic of coal sample with rock-bust liability under uniaxial compression condition[J]. Coal Mining Technology,2013,18(1):14-16.
[15]李元辉,刘建坡,赵兴东,等.岩石破裂过程中的声发射b值及分形特征研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2559-2563.LI Yuanhui,LIU Jianpo,ZHAO Xingdong,et al.Study on b-value and fractal dimension of acoustic emission during rock failure process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(9):2559-2563.
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