内聚力模型在泡沫沥青混合料离散元模拟中的应用
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摘要
为研究内聚力本构模型对泡沫沥青冷拌混合料的适用性,基于内聚力本构模型,结合Matlab软件"凸包法"和三维ODEC算法,建立了泡沫沥青冷拌混合料的三维模型试件.同时,对不同级配的混合料进行模拟劈裂试验,用对比分析和统计分析的方法观察数值模拟与室内试验的结果.研究结果表明:"凸包法"和三维ODEC算法相结合能够模拟泡沫沥青冷拌混合料中的粗集料棱角性,数值模拟的劈裂试验强度-变形曲线发展趋势和实际的劈裂试验规律基本相符.模拟数据与试验数据具有良好的相关性,表明内聚力本构模型的三维离散元模拟能有效应用于泡沫沥青冷拌混合料设计.
This study dealed with the applicability of Cohesive Zone Model(CZM)on the cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete by analyzing the results of both numerical simulation and laboratory tests comparatively and statistically. Based on CZM, 3D model specimens were built up for cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete by applying Matlab Convex Hull Algorithm and 3D ODEC Algorithm. Meanwhile, virtual splitting tests of the mixtures with different gradations were also carried out.The study indicates that the combination of Convex Hull and 3D ODEC Algorithm is able to simulate the coarse aggregates angularity. The simulated trend of strength-deformation curve obtained from the virtual splitting test is similar to the actual pattern,which suggests that the CZM-based 3D discrete element simulation can be applied to the design of cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete.
This study dealed with the applicability of Cohesive Zone Model(CZM)on the cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete by analyzing the results of both numerical simulation and laboratory tests comparatively and statistically. Based on CZM, 3D model specimens were built up for cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete by applying Matlab Convex Hull Algorithm and 3D ODEC Algorithm. Meanwhile, virtual splitting tests of the mixtures with different gradations were also carried out.The study indicates that the combination of Convex Hull and 3D ODEC Algorithm is able to simulate the coarse aggregates angularity. The simulated trend of strength-deformation curve obtained from the virtual splitting test is similar to the actual pattern,which suggests that the CZM-based 3D discrete element simulation can be applied to the design of cold-mix foamed asphalt concrete.
引文
[1]王端宜,吴文亮,张肖宁,等.基于数字图像处理和有限元建模方法的沥青混合料劈裂试验数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2011,41(4):969—972.WANG D Y,WU W L,ZHANG X N,et al.Numerical simulation of splitting test of asphalt mixture based on DIP-FEM[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2011,41(4):969—972.(In Chinese)
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[6]颜可珍,葛冬冬,游凌云.沥青混合料单轴贯人抗剪试验的细观分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(5):113-119.YAN K Z,GE D D,YOU L Y. Microscopic analysis of asphalt mixture uniaxial penetration shear test[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2015,42(5):113—119.(In Chinese)
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[8]KIM H,BUTTLAR W G. Discrete fracture modeling of asphalt concrete[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009,46:2593—2604.
[9]KIM H.WAGONER M P,BUTTLAR W G. Numerical fracture analysis on the specimen size dependency of asphalt concrete using a cohesive softening model[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2009,23(5):2112—2120.
[10]张东,黄晓明,赵永利.基于内聚力模型的沥青混合料劈裂试验模拟[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(6):1276-1281.ZHANG D,HUANG X M,ZHAO Y L. Simulation of indirect tension test of asphalt mixtures based on cohesive zone model[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2010,40(6):1276—1281.(In Chinese)
[11]高磊.乳化沥青冷再生混合料的裂纹发展行为及抗裂机理研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2016:108—109.GAO L Cracking behavior and fracture mechanism of cold recycled mixes with emulsion[D]. Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast U niversity,2016:108—109.(In Chinese)
[12]LIU Y,YOU Z,ZHAO Y. Three-dimensional discrete element modeling of asphalt concrete:size effects of elements[J].Construction and Building Materials,2012,37:775—782.
[13]周健,杜强,于仕才.泥石流启动试验的数值模拟研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(9):96—103.ZHOU J,DU Q,YU S C. Numerical simulation study on the experiments of the initiation of debris flow[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2015,42(9):96—103.(In Chinese)
[14]TIAN X,HAN G,LI Z,et al.3D skeletonization and its application in plant root image analysis[J]. Journal of Computational Information Systems,2005,1(2):241—246.
[15]邓志刚.基于三维离散元的沥青混合料数值模拟方法研究[D].广州:华南理工大学土木与交通学院,2017:28—29.DENG Z G. Study on numerical simulation method of asphalt mixture based on three dimensional discrete element method[D].Guangzhou:School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,2017:28—29.(In Chinese)
[16]徐金枝.泡沫沥青及泡沫沥青冷再生混合料技术性能研究[D].西安:长安大学公路学院,2007:65-67.XU J Z. Technical performance of foamed asphalt and foamed asphalt cold recyeled mix[D].Xi'an:Highway College,Chang'an University,2007:65—67.(In Chinese)
[17]YOU Z P,ADHIKARI S,DAI Q L.Three-dimensional discrete element models for asphalt mixture[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2008,134(12):1053—1062.
[18]JTG E20—2011公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2011:253—256.JTG E20—2011 Standard test methods of bitumen and bituminous mixtures for highway engineering[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2011:253—256.(In Chinese)
[19]张德育.基于离散元方法的沥青混合料虚拟永久变形试验研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2013:38-48.ZHANG D Y. Virtual permanent deformation tests of asphalt mixture using discrete element method[D]. Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast University,2013:38—48.(In Chinese)
[20]张垚.基于PFC3D的沥青混合料虚拟实验研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2015:52—53.ZHANG Y. Research on virtual tests of asphalt mixture based on PFC3D[D].Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast University,2015:52—53.(In Chinese)
[2]裴建中,常明丰,陈拴发,等.沥青混合料间接拉伸试验的数值模拟[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2010,30(5):7—10.PEI J Z,CHANG M F,CHEN S F,et al. Numerical simulation of indirect tensile test for asphalt mixture[J].Journal of Chang'an University(Natural Science Edition), 2010, 30(5):7—10.(In Chinese)
[3]郭红兵,陈拴发.开级配大粒径沥青碎石混合料劈裂试验的离散元数值分析[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(11):22-26.GUO H B,CHEN S F.Numerical analysis on splitting test of opengraded large stone asphalt mixture using discrete element method[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(11):22—26.(In Chinese)
[4]万蕾.基于内聚力模型和三维离散元法沥青混合料劈裂试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学建筑工程学院,2016:37-52.WAN L.Study on asphalt mixture splitting test using cohesive zone model and three-dimensional discrete element method[D].Hangzhou:College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University,2016:37—52.(In Chinese)
[5]王江洋,钱振东,Wang Lin-bing.环氧沥青混凝土裂纹发展的三维可视化离散元模拟[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(6):112—119.WANG J Y,QIAN Z D,WANG L B. Three-dimensional visualization discrete element modeling of the crack development of epoxy asphalt concrete[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2014,41(6):112—119.(In Chinese)
[6]颜可珍,葛冬冬,游凌云.沥青混合料单轴贯人抗剪试验的细观分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(5):113-119.YAN K Z,GE D D,YOU L Y. Microscopic analysis of asphalt mixture uniaxial penetration shear test[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2015,42(5):113—119.(In Chinese)
[7]KIM H,WAGONER M P,BUTTLAR W G. Simulation of fracture behavior in asphalt concrete using a heterogeneous cohesive zone element model[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2008,20(8):552—563.
[8]KIM H,BUTTLAR W G. Discrete fracture modeling of asphalt concrete[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009,46:2593—2604.
[9]KIM H.WAGONER M P,BUTTLAR W G. Numerical fracture analysis on the specimen size dependency of asphalt concrete using a cohesive softening model[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2009,23(5):2112—2120.
[10]张东,黄晓明,赵永利.基于内聚力模型的沥青混合料劈裂试验模拟[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,40(6):1276-1281.ZHANG D,HUANG X M,ZHAO Y L. Simulation of indirect tension test of asphalt mixtures based on cohesive zone model[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2010,40(6):1276—1281.(In Chinese)
[11]高磊.乳化沥青冷再生混合料的裂纹发展行为及抗裂机理研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2016:108—109.GAO L Cracking behavior and fracture mechanism of cold recycled mixes with emulsion[D]. Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast U niversity,2016:108—109.(In Chinese)
[12]LIU Y,YOU Z,ZHAO Y. Three-dimensional discrete element modeling of asphalt concrete:size effects of elements[J].Construction and Building Materials,2012,37:775—782.
[13]周健,杜强,于仕才.泥石流启动试验的数值模拟研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(9):96—103.ZHOU J,DU Q,YU S C. Numerical simulation study on the experiments of the initiation of debris flow[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2015,42(9):96—103.(In Chinese)
[14]TIAN X,HAN G,LI Z,et al.3D skeletonization and its application in plant root image analysis[J]. Journal of Computational Information Systems,2005,1(2):241—246.
[15]邓志刚.基于三维离散元的沥青混合料数值模拟方法研究[D].广州:华南理工大学土木与交通学院,2017:28—29.DENG Z G. Study on numerical simulation method of asphalt mixture based on three dimensional discrete element method[D].Guangzhou:School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,2017:28—29.(In Chinese)
[16]徐金枝.泡沫沥青及泡沫沥青冷再生混合料技术性能研究[D].西安:长安大学公路学院,2007:65-67.XU J Z. Technical performance of foamed asphalt and foamed asphalt cold recyeled mix[D].Xi'an:Highway College,Chang'an University,2007:65—67.(In Chinese)
[17]YOU Z P,ADHIKARI S,DAI Q L.Three-dimensional discrete element models for asphalt mixture[J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2008,134(12):1053—1062.
[18]JTG E20—2011公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2011:253—256.JTG E20—2011 Standard test methods of bitumen and bituminous mixtures for highway engineering[S]. Beijing:China Communications Press,2011:253—256.(In Chinese)
[19]张德育.基于离散元方法的沥青混合料虚拟永久变形试验研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2013:38-48.ZHANG D Y. Virtual permanent deformation tests of asphalt mixture using discrete element method[D]. Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast University,2013:38—48.(In Chinese)
[20]张垚.基于PFC3D的沥青混合料虚拟实验研究[D].南京:东南大学交通学院,2015:52—53.ZHANG Y. Research on virtual tests of asphalt mixture based on PFC3D[D].Nanjing:School of Transportation,Southeast University,2015:52—53.(In Chinese)
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