一种开放式社区儿童安全防控空间分析模型研究
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摘要
城市社区在开放后面临犯罪率高发的危机,如何构建儿童安全防控空间引发社会各界人士的思考。国外学者提出社区安全防控相关理论。空间句法理论认为空间结构能够影响人的行为。在现有理论研究基础上,提出一种量化分析开放式社区儿童安全防控区域的模型。结合时间、空间、儿童及监管控制弱化的相关指标,将防控空间分析量化为空间句法相关变量和节点缓冲区,在ArcGIS中加权叠加分析。该模型旨在为未来开放式社区安全防控提供有效的参考。
The urban community is facing the crisis of high crime rate after opening up. How to build a space for children's safety prevention and control has aroused people's thinking from all walks of life.Foreign scholars put forward relevant theories on crime prevention and control. The theory of space syntax holds that space structure can influence people's behavior. Based on the existing theoretical research, this paper proposes a quantitative analysis model of open community children's safety prevention and control area. Combined with relevant indicators of weakening of time, space, victims and crime control, the spatial analysis of prevention and control is quantified into space syntax-related variables and buffer model, and weighted superposition analysis is carried out in GIS. This model provides an effective reference for the safety prevention and control of the open block in the future.
The urban community is facing the crisis of high crime rate after opening up. How to build a space for children's safety prevention and control has aroused people's thinking from all walks of life.Foreign scholars put forward relevant theories on crime prevention and control. The theory of space syntax holds that space structure can influence people's behavior. Based on the existing theoretical research, this paper proposes a quantitative analysis model of open community children's safety prevention and control area. Combined with relevant indicators of weakening of time, space, victims and crime control, the spatial analysis of prevention and control is quantified into space syntax-related variables and buffer model, and weighted superposition analysis is carried out in GIS. This model provides an effective reference for the safety prevention and control of the open block in the future.
引文
[1]张国颖.创新社会管理背景下开放式社区管理探析[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[2]李春雷.姚巍.城市化进程中我国城市住区犯罪空间防控探索:基于CPTED理论视角下对我国城市住区的个案考察[J].中国人民公安大学学报(社会科学版),2011,27(4):93-105.
[3]袁晓芬.我国城市居住区的安全性研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.
[4]樊耘昀.未成年人被害类型与保护性对策刍议[D].上海:华东政法大学,2010.
[5]赵秉志,金翼翔.CPTED理论的历史梳理及中外对比[J].青少年犯罪问题,2012(3):34-41.
[6]毛媛媛,丁家骏,居住区环境与犯罪行为关系研究:以上海市浦东新区居住区为例[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(4):78-85.
[7]张愚,王建国.再论“空间句法”[J].建筑师,2004(3):33-44.
[8]Jacobs J. The Death and Life of the American City[M]. New York:Vintage, 1961.
[9]曾敏玲,毛媛媛,黄伟.街道网络结构与街道两抢一盗犯罪关系研究:基于空间句法的视角[J].城市发展研究,2014.21(7):56-63.
[10]郑文升,卓蓉蓉,罗静,等.基于空间句法的武汉城区“两抢一盗”犯罪分布环境[J].地理学报,2016,71(10):1710-1720.
[11]陈拓.空间句法在居住区公园空间结构研究中的应用[D].合肥:安徽建筑大学,2013.
[12]吴浩源,刘杰,张青萍.城市居住区的空间句法分析及景观设计:基于预防犯罪视角[J].中国园林,2015,31(9):65-69.
[2]李春雷.姚巍.城市化进程中我国城市住区犯罪空间防控探索:基于CPTED理论视角下对我国城市住区的个案考察[J].中国人民公安大学学报(社会科学版),2011,27(4):93-105.
[3]袁晓芬.我国城市居住区的安全性研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.
[4]樊耘昀.未成年人被害类型与保护性对策刍议[D].上海:华东政法大学,2010.
[5]赵秉志,金翼翔.CPTED理论的历史梳理及中外对比[J].青少年犯罪问题,2012(3):34-41.
[6]毛媛媛,丁家骏,居住区环境与犯罪行为关系研究:以上海市浦东新区居住区为例[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(4):78-85.
[7]张愚,王建国.再论“空间句法”[J].建筑师,2004(3):33-44.
[8]Jacobs J. The Death and Life of the American City[M]. New York:Vintage, 1961.
[9]曾敏玲,毛媛媛,黄伟.街道网络结构与街道两抢一盗犯罪关系研究:基于空间句法的视角[J].城市发展研究,2014.21(7):56-63.
[10]郑文升,卓蓉蓉,罗静,等.基于空间句法的武汉城区“两抢一盗”犯罪分布环境[J].地理学报,2016,71(10):1710-1720.
[11]陈拓.空间句法在居住区公园空间结构研究中的应用[D].合肥:安徽建筑大学,2013.
[12]吴浩源,刘杰,张青萍.城市居住区的空间句法分析及景观设计:基于预防犯罪视角[J].中国园林,2015,31(9):65-69.