小米脂氧合酶活性与储藏稳定性关系
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摘要
为研究小米中脂氧合酶(LOX)活性和储藏稳定性的关系,初步探索小米褪色机制,以褪色快的小米品种(‘谷丰2号’、‘公谷63号’)、褪色慢的小米品种(‘大青秸’、‘红苗牛头沟’)为试验材料,对其进行人工老化处理,并测定人工老化处理前后小米的脂氧合酶活性、米色、类胡萝卜素、丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。同时,利用HPLC对小米类胡萝卜素提取液进行分析,比较4个小米品种中叶黄素、玉米黄质及β-胡萝卜素的变化差异,分析小米脂氧合酶活性与类胡萝卜素及其主要组分的相关性。结果表明,经老化处理后,4个小米品种的LOX活性、米色b*值和类胡萝卜素含量均下降,MDA含量升高。‘大青秸’、‘红苗牛头沟’小米与‘谷丰2号’、‘公谷63号’小米相比,其米色、类胡萝卜素含量和MDA含量变化较小,储藏稳定性较好。HPLC分析表明,老化处理前后4个小米品种叶黄素、玉米黄质的变化无明显差异,而β-胡萝卜素含量的变化存在明显差异;相关性分析表明,老化处理前后LOX活性与β-胡萝卜素含量呈负相关,表明LOX可能与β-胡萝卜素发生偶联,进而导致小米类胡萝卜素含量降低。本研究结果为耐储藏小米的遗传育种提供了一定的理论基础。
To investigate the fading mechanism and relationship between lipoxygenase(LOX) activity and storage stability of foxtail millet. The fast-fading(Gufeng 2 and Gonggu 63) and slow-fading(Daqingju and Hong miao niu tougou)varieties were selected. Four foxtail millet varieties were aged artificially,and the changes of LOX activity and color,carotenoid and malondialdehyde(MDA) content were analyzed. The extraction mixture of carotenoid were further measured by HPLC to compare the difference of lutein,zeaxanthin and β-carotene. These physiological indicators were subsequently used for correlation analysis. The results showed that after artificial ageing,the LOX activity,the color of foxtail millet and carotenoid content of the four cultivars were decreased,and the content of MDA was increased.However,compared with high LOX activities cultivates(Gufeng 2 and Gonggu 63),low LOX activities cultivates(Daqingju and Hongmiao niutougou) were tested at good storage stability,and their carotenoid content decreased and MDA content rose at a slower rates. HPLC analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the decrease of lutein and zeaxanthin in four foxtail millet varieties,but there were significant difference in β-carotene content among the four foxtail millet varieties. The correlation analysis showed that LOX activity was negatively correlated with β-carotene,which indicated that LOX coupling with β-carotene,resulted in the reduction of carotenoid in foxtail millet.This study provides a theoretical basis for foxtail millet breeding with increasied stability.
To investigate the fading mechanism and relationship between lipoxygenase(LOX) activity and storage stability of foxtail millet. The fast-fading(Gufeng 2 and Gonggu 63) and slow-fading(Daqingju and Hong miao niu tougou)varieties were selected. Four foxtail millet varieties were aged artificially,and the changes of LOX activity and color,carotenoid and malondialdehyde(MDA) content were analyzed. The extraction mixture of carotenoid were further measured by HPLC to compare the difference of lutein,zeaxanthin and β-carotene. These physiological indicators were subsequently used for correlation analysis. The results showed that after artificial ageing,the LOX activity,the color of foxtail millet and carotenoid content of the four cultivars were decreased,and the content of MDA was increased.However,compared with high LOX activities cultivates(Gufeng 2 and Gonggu 63),low LOX activities cultivates(Daqingju and Hongmiao niutougou) were tested at good storage stability,and their carotenoid content decreased and MDA content rose at a slower rates. HPLC analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the decrease of lutein and zeaxanthin in four foxtail millet varieties,but there were significant difference in β-carotene content among the four foxtail millet varieties. The correlation analysis showed that LOX activity was negatively correlated with β-carotene,which indicated that LOX coupling with β-carotene,resulted in the reduction of carotenoid in foxtail millet.This study provides a theoretical basis for foxtail millet breeding with increasied stability.
引文
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[2]Dwivedi S,Upadhyaya H,Senthilvel S,Hash C,Fukunaga K,Diao X M,Santra D,Baltensperger D,Prasad M.Millets:genetic and genomicresources[J].Plant Breeding Reviews,2012,35(1):247-375
[3]董力.不同贮藏方式对小米品质影响的研究[D].郑州:河南工业大学,2016
[4]张福彦,陈锋,张建伟,杨保安,崔党群.小麦籽粒脂肪氧化酶研究进展[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(8):1067-1075
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[6]张瑛,吴跃进,吴进德,童继平,郑乐娅.脂肪氧化酶与稻谷贮藏的陈化变质[J].安徽农业科学,2001,29(5):565-566
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[11]李金库,王玉娟,张瑛,刘正,吴跃进,余增亮.玉米脂肪氧化酶缺失种质耐储藏特性的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2006,21(6):143-146
[12]Gayen D,Ali N,Ganguly M,Paul S,Datta K,Datta S.RNAi mediated silencing of lipoxygenase gene to maintain rice grain quality and viability during storage[J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture,2014,118(2):229-243
[13]Ma L,Zhu F,Li Z,Zhang J,Li X,Dong J,Wang T.TALENbased mutagenesis of lipoxygenase LOX3 enhances the storage tolerance of rice(Oryza sativa)seeds[J].PLo S One,2015,10(12):e0143877
[14]Huang J,Cai M,Long Q,Liu L,Lin Q,Jiang L,Chen S,Wan J.Os LOX2,a rice typeⅠlipoxygenase,confers opposite effects on seed germination and longevity[J].Transgenic Research,2014,23(4):643-655
[15]程昕昕,耿广汉,李志成,刘正.玉米种子脂肪氧化酶LOX-3缺失与耐贮性研究[J].作物杂志,2011(3):34-37
[16]Li B,Zhao L,Chen H,Sun D,Deng B,Li J,Liu Y,Wang F.Inactivation of lipase and lipoxygenase of wheat germ with temperature-controlled short wave infrared radiation and its effect on storage stability and quality of wheat germ oil[J].PLo S One,2016,11(12):e0167300
[17]Li J,Zhang Y,Yu Z,Wang Y,Yang Y,Liu Z,Jiang J,Song M,Wu Y.Superior storage stability in low lipoxygenase maize varieties[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):530-534
[18]孙春青,杨伟,戴忠良,潘跃平.人工老化处理对结球甘蓝种子生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(8):1615-1620
[19]Catod L,Halmos A L,Small D M.Measurement of lipoxygenase in Australian white wheat flour:the effect of lipoxygenase on the quality properties of white salted noodles[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2006,86(11):1670-1678
[20]侯蕊.谷子脂氧合酶(LOX)与小米储藏过程中褪色关系的研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016
[21]Shen R,Yang S,Zhao G,Shen Q,Diao X.Identification of carotenoids in foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and the effects of cooking methods on carotenoid content[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2015,61:86-93
[22]Sander L C,Sharpless K E,Craft N E,Wise S A.Development of engineered stationary phases for the separation of carotenoid isomers[J].Analytical Chemistry,1994,66(10):1667-1674
[23]禾璐.绿色小米品种大青谷米色形成机制研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2015
[24]王玉文,李会霞,田岗,孙美荣,史琴香,郭二虎.小米外观品质及淀粉RVA谱特征与米饭适口性的关系[J].山西农业科学,2008,36(7):34-39
[25]孟凡来,赵昶灵,段丽斌,徐洵.高等植物类胡萝卜素的生物降解途径研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(24):143-150
[26]张琛,滕斌,李阳生,李泽福,罗志祥,吴敬德,杜士云,张瑛.水稻种子脂肪氧化酶同工酶活性差异材料加速老化过程中MDA含量分析[J].核农学报,2015,29(12):2307-2312
[27]林立昊,惠宏杉,齐军仓,廖乐,程海涛,王超龙,郭亚南.紫外分光光度法测定啤酒大麦籽粒脂氧合酶活力的研究[J].核农学报,2016,30(5):926-933
[28]王若兰,白栋强.脂肪氧化酶缺失稻谷新品种储藏品质研究[J].中国粮油学报,2005,20(4):115-121
[2]Dwivedi S,Upadhyaya H,Senthilvel S,Hash C,Fukunaga K,Diao X M,Santra D,Baltensperger D,Prasad M.Millets:genetic and genomicresources[J].Plant Breeding Reviews,2012,35(1):247-375
[3]董力.不同贮藏方式对小米品质影响的研究[D].郑州:河南工业大学,2016
[4]张福彦,陈锋,张建伟,杨保安,崔党群.小麦籽粒脂肪氧化酶研究进展[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(8):1067-1075
[5]李兴军.谷物脂氧合酶的生理生化特性[J].粮食科技与经济,2011,36(3):34-41
[6]张瑛,吴跃进,吴进德,童继平,郑乐娅.脂肪氧化酶与稻谷贮藏的陈化变质[J].安徽农业科学,2001,29(5):565-566
[7]杨延兵,管延安,秦岭,石慧,王海莲,张华文.不同地区谷子小米黄色素含量与外观品质研究[J].中国粮油学报,2012,27(1):14-19
[8]Long Q,Zhang W,Wang P,Shen W,Zhou T,Liu N,Wang R,Jiang L,Huang J,Wang Y,Liu Y,Wan J.Molecular genetic characterization of rice seed lipoxygenase 3 and assessment of its effects on seed longevity[J].Journal of Plant Biology,2013,56(4):232-242
[9]Gayen D,Ali N,Sarkar S N,K Datta S K,Datta K.Downregulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage[J].Planta,2015,242(1):353-363
[10]周莉娜,曲东,邵丽丽,易维洁.干旱胁迫下硫营养对小麦光合色素及MDA含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(8):1579-1583
[11]李金库,王玉娟,张瑛,刘正,吴跃进,余增亮.玉米脂肪氧化酶缺失种质耐储藏特性的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2006,21(6):143-146
[12]Gayen D,Ali N,Ganguly M,Paul S,Datta K,Datta S.RNAi mediated silencing of lipoxygenase gene to maintain rice grain quality and viability during storage[J].Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture,2014,118(2):229-243
[13]Ma L,Zhu F,Li Z,Zhang J,Li X,Dong J,Wang T.TALENbased mutagenesis of lipoxygenase LOX3 enhances the storage tolerance of rice(Oryza sativa)seeds[J].PLo S One,2015,10(12):e0143877
[14]Huang J,Cai M,Long Q,Liu L,Lin Q,Jiang L,Chen S,Wan J.Os LOX2,a rice typeⅠlipoxygenase,confers opposite effects on seed germination and longevity[J].Transgenic Research,2014,23(4):643-655
[15]程昕昕,耿广汉,李志成,刘正.玉米种子脂肪氧化酶LOX-3缺失与耐贮性研究[J].作物杂志,2011(3):34-37
[16]Li B,Zhao L,Chen H,Sun D,Deng B,Li J,Liu Y,Wang F.Inactivation of lipase and lipoxygenase of wheat germ with temperature-controlled short wave infrared radiation and its effect on storage stability and quality of wheat germ oil[J].PLo S One,2016,11(12):e0167300
[17]Li J,Zhang Y,Yu Z,Wang Y,Yang Y,Liu Z,Jiang J,Song M,Wu Y.Superior storage stability in low lipoxygenase maize varieties[J].Journal of Stored Products Research,2007,43(4):530-534
[18]孙春青,杨伟,戴忠良,潘跃平.人工老化处理对结球甘蓝种子生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(8):1615-1620
[19]Catod L,Halmos A L,Small D M.Measurement of lipoxygenase in Australian white wheat flour:the effect of lipoxygenase on the quality properties of white salted noodles[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2006,86(11):1670-1678
[20]侯蕊.谷子脂氧合酶(LOX)与小米储藏过程中褪色关系的研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016
[21]Shen R,Yang S,Zhao G,Shen Q,Diao X.Identification of carotenoids in foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and the effects of cooking methods on carotenoid content[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2015,61:86-93
[22]Sander L C,Sharpless K E,Craft N E,Wise S A.Development of engineered stationary phases for the separation of carotenoid isomers[J].Analytical Chemistry,1994,66(10):1667-1674
[23]禾璐.绿色小米品种大青谷米色形成机制研究[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2015
[24]王玉文,李会霞,田岗,孙美荣,史琴香,郭二虎.小米外观品质及淀粉RVA谱特征与米饭适口性的关系[J].山西农业科学,2008,36(7):34-39
[25]孟凡来,赵昶灵,段丽斌,徐洵.高等植物类胡萝卜素的生物降解途径研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(24):143-150
[26]张琛,滕斌,李阳生,李泽福,罗志祥,吴敬德,杜士云,张瑛.水稻种子脂肪氧化酶同工酶活性差异材料加速老化过程中MDA含量分析[J].核农学报,2015,29(12):2307-2312
[27]林立昊,惠宏杉,齐军仓,廖乐,程海涛,王超龙,郭亚南.紫外分光光度法测定啤酒大麦籽粒脂氧合酶活力的研究[J].核农学报,2016,30(5):926-933
[28]王若兰,白栋强.脂肪氧化酶缺失稻谷新品种储藏品质研究[J].中国粮油学报,2005,20(4):115-121
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