热力作用对塔里木盆地海相原油中甾烷类化合物组成和分布的影响
|
摘要
为了探讨热力作用对原油中甾烷类化合物形成和分布的影响,对塔里木盆地26个典型海相原油样品和1个热模拟样品进行系统的地球化学研究。结果表明:不同演化阶段原油中甾烷类化合物组成和分布的变化较为明显。高熟阶段原油的热裂解作用导致了甾烷类化合物含量大幅降低,过熟阶段甾烷类化合物含量的短暂升高则与原油中高分子量的烃类化合物裂解有关。随着热演化程度的增加,C_(27)和C_(29)规则甾烷在生成和裂解速率上的不同,致使C_(27)/C_(29)规则甾烷的值呈现先减小后增大的趋势,所以C_(27)/C_(29)规则甾烷的值在成熟-高熟阶段不能用于物源方面评价。同样由于热稳定性差异的影响,原油C_(29)甾烷异构化参数在高熟阶段发生"倒转",因此可利用甾烷异构化参数倒转的特征来判断原油的热演化阶段。而原油中重排甾烷/规则甾烷的值与成熟度具有较好的正相关性,可作为原油在成熟-高熟阶段有效的成熟度评价参数。
Based on systematic geochemical analysis,a suite of 26 marine crude oil samples and 1 simulation sample from the Tarim Basin( western China) were analyzed to investigate the influence of thermal action on the formation and distribution of steranes in crude oil. The results reveal distinct changes in the composition and distribution of steranes in different thermal evolution stages. Thermal cracking of crude oil results in decreasing sterane contents in the highly-mature stage. Meanwhile,the transient sterane content increase in the over-mature stage is likely related to the broken-down of hydrocarbons( with high molecular mass) in the crude oil.With increasing thermal maturity,the C_(27)/C_(29) ratios of regular steranes shows an initial decrease and then an increase,which is likely controlled by the different generation and cracking rates of C_(27) and C_(29) regular steranes.Therefore,the C_(27)/C_(29) ratios of regular steranes cannot be used to evaluate the sediment source in mature to highly-mature stage. In addition,the isomerization parameters of C_(29) steranes in crude oil exhibit a significant maturity reduction or "reversal"in the highly-mature stage,which can be used to determine the thermal evolution stage of crude oil. Meanwhile,the value of diasteranes/regular steranes shows good positive correlation with maturity,and can be used as an effective maturity evaluation parameter of mature to highly-mature crude oil.
Based on systematic geochemical analysis,a suite of 26 marine crude oil samples and 1 simulation sample from the Tarim Basin( western China) were analyzed to investigate the influence of thermal action on the formation and distribution of steranes in crude oil. The results reveal distinct changes in the composition and distribution of steranes in different thermal evolution stages. Thermal cracking of crude oil results in decreasing sterane contents in the highly-mature stage. Meanwhile,the transient sterane content increase in the over-mature stage is likely related to the broken-down of hydrocarbons( with high molecular mass) in the crude oil.With increasing thermal maturity,the C_(27)/C_(29) ratios of regular steranes shows an initial decrease and then an increase,which is likely controlled by the different generation and cracking rates of C_(27) and C_(29) regular steranes.Therefore,the C_(27)/C_(29) ratios of regular steranes cannot be used to evaluate the sediment source in mature to highly-mature stage. In addition,the isomerization parameters of C_(29) steranes in crude oil exhibit a significant maturity reduction or "reversal"in the highly-mature stage,which can be used to determine the thermal evolution stage of crude oil. Meanwhile,the value of diasteranes/regular steranes shows good positive correlation with maturity,and can be used as an effective maturity evaluation parameter of mature to highly-mature crude oil.
引文
[1]尚慧芸,童育英,姜乃煌,等.鄂尔多斯盆地甾烷、萜烷的地球化学特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1982(2):18-28.
[2]王忠然,张振才,陈献忠,等.甾烷、萜烷等生物标志物的GC/MS鉴定[J].石油实验地质,1983,5(3):70-78.
[3] SCHWARK L,EMPT P. Sterane biomarkers as indicators of palaeozoic algal evolution and extinction events[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2006,240,225-236.
[4] BURLINGGAME A L,HAUG P,BELSKY T,et al. Occurrence of biogenic steranes and pentacyclic triterpanes in an Eocene shale(52 million years)and in an Early Precambrian shale(2. 7 billion years):a preliminary report[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1965,54(5):1406-1412.
[5] HUANG W Y,MEINSHEIN W G. Sterols as ecological indicators[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1979,43:739-745.
[6] MEINSCHEIN W G,HUANG W Y. Sterols,stanols,steranes and the origin of natural gas and petroleum[M]//ATKINSON G,ZUCKERMAN J L. Origin and Chemistry of Petroleum. Oxford,UK:Pergamon Press,1981:33-55.
[7] SEIFERT W K,MOLDOWAN J M. Use of biological markers in petroleum exploration[M]//JOHNS R B. Mothods in Geochemistry and Geophysics. Amsterdam:Elsevier,1986:261-290.
[8] PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M. The Biomarker Guide:Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments[M]. Englewood Cliffs,NJ(United States); Prentice Hall,1993:60-70.
[9] MACKENZIE A S,PATIENCE R L,MAXWELL J R,et al. Molecular parameters of maturation in the Toarcian shales,Paris Basin,France—I. Changes in the configurations of acyclic isoprenoid alkanes,steranes and triterpanes[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1980,44(11):1709-1721.
[10] MOLDOWAN J M. Source correlation and maturity assessment of select oils and rocks from the Central Adriatic Basin(Italy and Yugoslavia)[M]//MOLDOWAN J W, ALBRECHT P,PHILP R P. Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum. Englewood Cliffs:Prentice Hall,1989:1-90.
[11] DZOU L I P,NOBLE R A,SENFTLE J T. Maturation effects on absolute biomarker concentration in a suite of coals and associated vitrinite concentrates[J]. Organic Geochemistry,1995,23(7):681-697.
[12]夏燕青,罗斌杰.南宁盆地第三系木质褐煤中甾类化合物热模拟实验研究[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(3):301-309.
[13]陈世加,王廷栋,黄请德,等. C29甾烷成熟度指标“倒转”及其地质意义[J].天然气地球科学,1997,8(1):28-30.
[14] YANG Yunfei,ZHANG Min,CHEN Julin. Thermal effect on the distribution of regular sterane and geological significance[J].Open Journal of Yangtze Gas and Oil,2017,2(4):249-259.
[15]张水昌,梁狄刚,黎茂稳,等.分子化石与塔里木盆地油源对比[J].科学通报,2002,47(增刊):16-23.
[16]唐友军,张凯,苏飞,等.过成熟烃源岩评价指标探讨——以扎鲁特地区鲁D2井上二叠统林西组烃源岩为例[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(12):35-40.
[17]朱心健,陈践发,贺礼文,等.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡罗斯2井油气地球化学特征及油气源分析[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(4):566-574.
[18]孙浩,李素梅,庞秋菊.塔里木盆地深层原油热演化特征——热模拟实验的证据[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(6):1120-1133.
[19]陈菊林,张敏.原油热模拟实验中重排藿烷类变化特征及其意义[J].现代地质,2016,30(4):871-879.
[20] LI Sumei,AMRANI A,PANG Xiongqi,et al. Origin and quantitative source assessment of deep oils in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J]. Organic Geochemistry,2015,78:1-22.
[21]唐小强,黄光辉,张敏,等.原油及其族组分裂解过程中产物组成变化特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(1):21-28.
[22] RADKE M,WELTE D H,WILLSCH H. Geochemical study on a well in the Western Canada Basin:relation of the aromatic distribution pattern to maturity of organic matter[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1982,46(1):1-10.
[23] LEWAN M D,BJORAY M,DOLCATER D L,et al. Effects of thermal maturation on steroid hydrocarbons as determined by hydrous pyrolysis of phosphoria retort shale[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1986,50(9):1977-1987.
[24]孙涛,段毅.煤系有机质生成烃类中甾烷系列化合物地球化学特征——以高温封闭体系下热模拟实验为例[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(6):1082-1087.
[25]王贵昌,潘荫明,李勇军,等.分子力学方法和基团加和方法估算有机分子标准生成焓[J].科学通报,1996(12):1095-1099.
[26]侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:18-19.
[27] ZHANG Min. Research status and progress of genetic mechanism of abnormal regular sterane distribution in geological bodies[J].Open Journal of Yangtze Gas and Oil,2018,3(1):68-78.
[28]陈中红,张守春,查明.不同压力体系下原油裂解的地球化学演化特征[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(11):1807-1818.
[29] LEEUW J W D,COX H C,GRAAS G V. Limited double bond isomerisation and selective hydrogenation of sterenes during early diagenesis[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(4):903-909.
[30] PHILP R P. Fossil Fuel Biomarkers[M]. New York:Elsevier,1985:1-294
[31]刘全有,刘文汇,孟仟祥.热模拟实验中煤岩及显微组分饱和烃甾烷系列化合物有机地球化学特征[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):249-253.
[32]盛国英,周中毅,沈汝浪.模拟原油在储集层中的热转变试验——再论克拉玛依油田多油源[J].石油勘探与开发,1986(1):15-25.
[33]郑建京,温德顺,孟仟祥,等.煤系烃源岩热模拟演化过程的地球化学参数特征——以准噶尔盆地侏罗系煤系烃源岩为例[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(2):134-139.
[34] CHEN Zhonghong,SIMONEIT B R T,WANG T G,et al.Effects of high temperatures on biomarker ratios during oil-to-gas cracking experiments at two pressures[J]. Organic Geochemistry,2016,101:108-131.
[35] CHEN Zhonghong,ZHA Ming,JIN Qiang,et al. Distribution of sterane maturity parameters in a lacustrine basin and their control factors:A case study from the Dongying Sag,East China[J].Petroleum Science,2011,8(3):290-301.
[2]王忠然,张振才,陈献忠,等.甾烷、萜烷等生物标志物的GC/MS鉴定[J].石油实验地质,1983,5(3):70-78.
[3] SCHWARK L,EMPT P. Sterane biomarkers as indicators of palaeozoic algal evolution and extinction events[J]. Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2006,240,225-236.
[4] BURLINGGAME A L,HAUG P,BELSKY T,et al. Occurrence of biogenic steranes and pentacyclic triterpanes in an Eocene shale(52 million years)and in an Early Precambrian shale(2. 7 billion years):a preliminary report[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1965,54(5):1406-1412.
[5] HUANG W Y,MEINSHEIN W G. Sterols as ecological indicators[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1979,43:739-745.
[6] MEINSCHEIN W G,HUANG W Y. Sterols,stanols,steranes and the origin of natural gas and petroleum[M]//ATKINSON G,ZUCKERMAN J L. Origin and Chemistry of Petroleum. Oxford,UK:Pergamon Press,1981:33-55.
[7] SEIFERT W K,MOLDOWAN J M. Use of biological markers in petroleum exploration[M]//JOHNS R B. Mothods in Geochemistry and Geophysics. Amsterdam:Elsevier,1986:261-290.
[8] PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M. The Biomarker Guide:Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments[M]. Englewood Cliffs,NJ(United States); Prentice Hall,1993:60-70.
[9] MACKENZIE A S,PATIENCE R L,MAXWELL J R,et al. Molecular parameters of maturation in the Toarcian shales,Paris Basin,France—I. Changes in the configurations of acyclic isoprenoid alkanes,steranes and triterpanes[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1980,44(11):1709-1721.
[10] MOLDOWAN J M. Source correlation and maturity assessment of select oils and rocks from the Central Adriatic Basin(Italy and Yugoslavia)[M]//MOLDOWAN J W, ALBRECHT P,PHILP R P. Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum. Englewood Cliffs:Prentice Hall,1989:1-90.
[11] DZOU L I P,NOBLE R A,SENFTLE J T. Maturation effects on absolute biomarker concentration in a suite of coals and associated vitrinite concentrates[J]. Organic Geochemistry,1995,23(7):681-697.
[12]夏燕青,罗斌杰.南宁盆地第三系木质褐煤中甾类化合物热模拟实验研究[J].石油实验地质,1995,17(3):301-309.
[13]陈世加,王廷栋,黄请德,等. C29甾烷成熟度指标“倒转”及其地质意义[J].天然气地球科学,1997,8(1):28-30.
[14] YANG Yunfei,ZHANG Min,CHEN Julin. Thermal effect on the distribution of regular sterane and geological significance[J].Open Journal of Yangtze Gas and Oil,2017,2(4):249-259.
[15]张水昌,梁狄刚,黎茂稳,等.分子化石与塔里木盆地油源对比[J].科学通报,2002,47(增刊):16-23.
[16]唐友军,张凯,苏飞,等.过成熟烃源岩评价指标探讨——以扎鲁特地区鲁D2井上二叠统林西组烃源岩为例[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(12):35-40.
[17]朱心健,陈践发,贺礼文,等.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡罗斯2井油气地球化学特征及油气源分析[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(4):566-574.
[18]孙浩,李素梅,庞秋菊.塔里木盆地深层原油热演化特征——热模拟实验的证据[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(6):1120-1133.
[19]陈菊林,张敏.原油热模拟实验中重排藿烷类变化特征及其意义[J].现代地质,2016,30(4):871-879.
[20] LI Sumei,AMRANI A,PANG Xiongqi,et al. Origin and quantitative source assessment of deep oils in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J]. Organic Geochemistry,2015,78:1-22.
[21]唐小强,黄光辉,张敏,等.原油及其族组分裂解过程中产物组成变化特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(1):21-28.
[22] RADKE M,WELTE D H,WILLSCH H. Geochemical study on a well in the Western Canada Basin:relation of the aromatic distribution pattern to maturity of organic matter[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1982,46(1):1-10.
[23] LEWAN M D,BJORAY M,DOLCATER D L,et al. Effects of thermal maturation on steroid hydrocarbons as determined by hydrous pyrolysis of phosphoria retort shale[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1986,50(9):1977-1987.
[24]孙涛,段毅.煤系有机质生成烃类中甾烷系列化合物地球化学特征——以高温封闭体系下热模拟实验为例[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(6):1082-1087.
[25]王贵昌,潘荫明,李勇军,等.分子力学方法和基团加和方法估算有机分子标准生成焓[J].科学通报,1996(12):1095-1099.
[26]侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:18-19.
[27] ZHANG Min. Research status and progress of genetic mechanism of abnormal regular sterane distribution in geological bodies[J].Open Journal of Yangtze Gas and Oil,2018,3(1):68-78.
[28]陈中红,张守春,查明.不同压力体系下原油裂解的地球化学演化特征[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(11):1807-1818.
[29] LEEUW J W D,COX H C,GRAAS G V. Limited double bond isomerisation and selective hydrogenation of sterenes during early diagenesis[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(4):903-909.
[30] PHILP R P. Fossil Fuel Biomarkers[M]. New York:Elsevier,1985:1-294
[31]刘全有,刘文汇,孟仟祥.热模拟实验中煤岩及显微组分饱和烃甾烷系列化合物有机地球化学特征[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):249-253.
[32]盛国英,周中毅,沈汝浪.模拟原油在储集层中的热转变试验——再论克拉玛依油田多油源[J].石油勘探与开发,1986(1):15-25.
[33]郑建京,温德顺,孟仟祥,等.煤系烃源岩热模拟演化过程的地球化学参数特征——以准噶尔盆地侏罗系煤系烃源岩为例[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(2):134-139.
[34] CHEN Zhonghong,SIMONEIT B R T,WANG T G,et al.Effects of high temperatures on biomarker ratios during oil-to-gas cracking experiments at two pressures[J]. Organic Geochemistry,2016,101:108-131.
[35] CHEN Zhonghong,ZHA Ming,JIN Qiang,et al. Distribution of sterane maturity parameters in a lacustrine basin and their control factors:A case study from the Dongying Sag,East China[J].Petroleum Science,2011,8(3):290-301.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |