四川盆地剑龙类腰带演化
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摘要
四川盆地是中国剑龙类恐龙化石产出的集中地,主要包括华阳龙、沱江龙、巨棘龙、重庆龙、嘉陵龙、营山龙6属。除嘉陵龙外,另外5属均有腰带结构保存。剑龙类腰带是除了骨板外另一个重要的鉴定特征。该五属分布在4个连续的化石层,形成四川盆地的侏罗纪剑龙一条连续生长线。剑龙类腰带特征主要体现在髂骨、坐骨和耻骨的形态,根据其特征,可找到剑龙类从比较原始类型到进步类型的演化关系。四川盆地剑龙类有一个从华阳龙-重庆龙-巨棘龙-沱江龙-营山龙的演化过程,太白华阳龙是最原始的剑龙类,巨棘龙继承了部分原始性状,但它比华阳龙更为进步,巨棘龙应该是处于华阳龙和沱江龙之间的一个过渡类型,且与沱江龙的亲缘关系更近,是一类进化中的剑龙,营山龙位于四川盆地剑龙类演化的顶端。
Stegosaurs fossils in China occur mainly in the Sichuan basin, including 6 main genera: Huayangosaurus, Tuojiangosaurus, Gigantspinosaurus, Chungkingosaurus, Chialingosaurus, and Yingshanosaurus. All of them have pelvic girdles except Chialingosaurus. In addition to bone plates, stegosaurs pelvic girdle is an important identification characteristic. The five genera above are distributed over 4 successive fossil beds, allowing the Jurassic stegosaurus to have a continuous growth line. According to these characteristics, stegosaurs evolutionary relationship, from primitive to progressive type, has been found. The stegosaurs in the Sichuan basin has an evolutionary process, from Huayangosaurus, Chungkingosaurus, Gigantspinosurus, Tuojiangosaurus to Yingshanosaurus which shows thatHuayangosaurus is still the most primitive stegosaurus. Gigantspinosurus, one of the evolving stegosaurs, should be the transitional type between the Huayangosaurus and Tuojiangosaurus, and it's a closer relative to Tuojiangosaurus. Yingshanosaurus is at the top of stegosaurs evolution in the Sichuan basin.
Stegosaurs fossils in China occur mainly in the Sichuan basin, including 6 main genera: Huayangosaurus, Tuojiangosaurus, Gigantspinosaurus, Chungkingosaurus, Chialingosaurus, and Yingshanosaurus. All of them have pelvic girdles except Chialingosaurus. In addition to bone plates, stegosaurs pelvic girdle is an important identification characteristic. The five genera above are distributed over 4 successive fossil beds, allowing the Jurassic stegosaurus to have a continuous growth line. According to these characteristics, stegosaurs evolutionary relationship, from primitive to progressive type, has been found. The stegosaurs in the Sichuan basin has an evolutionary process, from Huayangosaurus, Chungkingosaurus, Gigantspinosurus, Tuojiangosaurus to Yingshanosaurus which shows thatHuayangosaurus is still the most primitive stegosaurus. Gigantspinosurus, one of the evolving stegosaurs, should be the transitional type between the Huayangosaurus and Tuojiangosaurus, and it's a closer relative to Tuojiangosaurus. Yingshanosaurus is at the top of stegosaurs evolution in the Sichuan basin.
引文
[1]董枝明,唐治路,周世武.四川自贡大山铺蜀龙动物群简报I.剑龙[J].古脊椎动物学报,1982,20(1):83-86.
[2]周世武,四川自贡大山铺中侏罗世恐龙动物群(剑龙)[M].四川科技出版社,1984,1-52.
[3]Jiang C.k.,Forster,Catherine A,Xu X.,and Clark,James M..The first stegosaur(Dinosauria,Ornithischia)from the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang,China.Acta Geologica Sinica(English edition).2007,81(3):351-356.
[4]杨钟健.四川渠县一新剑龙[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1959,3(1):1-8.
[5]董枝明,李宣民,周世武,等.四川自贡剑龙化石简报[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1977,15(4):307-312.
[6]董枝明,周世武,张奕宏.四川盆地侏罗纪恐龙化石[J].中国古生物志,总号第162册新丙种第23号.1983.
[7]朱松林.记四川盆地营山县一剑龙化石[J].四川文物,1994,1期,8-14
[8]欧阳辉.四川巨棘龙的发现及其肩棘的定向[C].中国科学技术协会首届青年学术年会论文集:理科分册,1992,10-12.
[9]Dong,Z.M.[Dinosaurs from Wuerho.]Institute of Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Memoir 11:1973.45-52.[In Chinese].
[10]Zhao xijin.Phylogeny and evolutionary stages of Dinosauria[J].Acta Palaeontologia Polonica,1983.28(1/2):295-306.
[11]江山,彭光照,叶勇.中国剑龙类恐龙化石[J].地质学刊,2015,39(4):530-534.
[12]高人彦,朱时达,黄大喜.剑龙肩棘材料在自贡发现[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1986,24(1):78-79.
[13]欧阳辉,自贡发现的剑龙皮肤化石[J].成都地质学院学报,1991,18(3):38-39
[14]Xing,L.D.,Peng,G.Z.&Shu,C.K.Stegosaurian skin impressions from the Upper Jurassic Shangshaximiao Formation,Zigong,Sichuan,China:a new observation.Geological Bulletin of China 27:2008.1049-1053
[15]彭光照,叶勇,高玉辉,等.自贡地区侏罗纪恐龙动物群[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2005.1-236.
[16]Maidment,S.C.R.,Norman,D.B.Systematics and phylogeny of Stegosauria(Dinosauria:Ornithischia).Journal of Systematic Palaeontology.2008.6(4):367-407.
[17]Maidment SCR.Stegosauria:A historical review of the body fossil record and phylogenetic relationships.Swiss Journal of Geosciences.2010.103.199-210.
[2]周世武,四川自贡大山铺中侏罗世恐龙动物群(剑龙)[M].四川科技出版社,1984,1-52.
[3]Jiang C.k.,Forster,Catherine A,Xu X.,and Clark,James M..The first stegosaur(Dinosauria,Ornithischia)from the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang,China.Acta Geologica Sinica(English edition).2007,81(3):351-356.
[4]杨钟健.四川渠县一新剑龙[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1959,3(1):1-8.
[5]董枝明,李宣民,周世武,等.四川自贡剑龙化石简报[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1977,15(4):307-312.
[6]董枝明,周世武,张奕宏.四川盆地侏罗纪恐龙化石[J].中国古生物志,总号第162册新丙种第23号.1983.
[7]朱松林.记四川盆地营山县一剑龙化石[J].四川文物,1994,1期,8-14
[8]欧阳辉.四川巨棘龙的发现及其肩棘的定向[C].中国科学技术协会首届青年学术年会论文集:理科分册,1992,10-12.
[9]Dong,Z.M.[Dinosaurs from Wuerho.]Institute of Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Memoir 11:1973.45-52.[In Chinese].
[10]Zhao xijin.Phylogeny and evolutionary stages of Dinosauria[J].Acta Palaeontologia Polonica,1983.28(1/2):295-306.
[11]江山,彭光照,叶勇.中国剑龙类恐龙化石[J].地质学刊,2015,39(4):530-534.
[12]高人彦,朱时达,黄大喜.剑龙肩棘材料在自贡发现[J].古脊椎动物与古人类,1986,24(1):78-79.
[13]欧阳辉,自贡发现的剑龙皮肤化石[J].成都地质学院学报,1991,18(3):38-39
[14]Xing,L.D.,Peng,G.Z.&Shu,C.K.Stegosaurian skin impressions from the Upper Jurassic Shangshaximiao Formation,Zigong,Sichuan,China:a new observation.Geological Bulletin of China 27:2008.1049-1053
[15]彭光照,叶勇,高玉辉,等.自贡地区侏罗纪恐龙动物群[M].成都:四川人民出版社,2005.1-236.
[16]Maidment,S.C.R.,Norman,D.B.Systematics and phylogeny of Stegosauria(Dinosauria:Ornithischia).Journal of Systematic Palaeontology.2008.6(4):367-407.
[17]Maidment SCR.Stegosauria:A historical review of the body fossil record and phylogenetic relationships.Swiss Journal of Geosciences.2010.103.199-210.