鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统重力流沉积的主控因素
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摘要
结合前人研究成果,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统重力流沉积特征进行分析,并运用地震沉积学、沉积构造学等理论,结合测井、岩心观察、野外露头等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部不同类型重力流特征、沉积模式和主控因素进行研究。研究表明,盆地南部地区晚三叠世发育滑塌沉积、砂质碎屑流沉积、泥质碎屑流沉积和浊流沉积等4种重力流沉积类型;其中,滑塌砂体发育揉皱变形及微褶皱、火焰状构造、球枕构造,泥岩中有砂岩注入体,砂质碎屑流、浊流砂岩底部见平行层理和小型砂纹层理,浊积岩底部常见槽模、沟模等底模构造。受不同水动力条件及盆地底型的影响,不同类型重力流沉积在平面上分布在坡折带及其附近的不同部位。研究认为,沉积物源供应是盆地南部重力流沉积的物质基础,盆地底型为重力流沉积提供空间条件,构造活动是重力流沉积的触发机制。通过鄂尔多斯盆地不同类型重力流沉积模式和主控因素的研究,为盆地其他地区和其他克拉通盆地的重力流沉积研究提供依据。
Combined with previous studies,the sedimentary characteristic of the Upper Triassic gravity flow in the southern Ordos Basin were analyzed. The sedimentary characteristics,the main controlling factor and Sedimentary model of different gravity flow have been investigate through the methods of seismic sedimentology,sedimentary tectonic,logging,core observation and field outcrop. The results show that there are four types of gravity flow deposits which are slump deposits,sandy debris flow deposits,muddy debris flow deposits and turbidity deposits. Slump sand bodies develop crumpling and deformation,micro-folds,flaming structures,ball pillow structures,and sandstone intrusions in mudstones. The parallel bedding and small sand stratum bedding are seen sandy debris flow deposits and turbidity sandstone. On the surfaces of turbidite exists some flute casts and groove casts. Affected by different hydrodynamic conditions and basin bottom patterns,different types of gravity flow deposits are distributed on the slope break belt and its vicinity. The study considers that the source supply of sediments is the material basis. The basin bottom type provides space conditions,and structure activity is the trigger mechanism of gravity flow deposition. It provides the basis for gravity flow deposits studies in other regions of the Ordos Basin and other types of cratonic basins by the main control factors and sedimentary patterns.
Combined with previous studies,the sedimentary characteristic of the Upper Triassic gravity flow in the southern Ordos Basin were analyzed. The sedimentary characteristics,the main controlling factor and Sedimentary model of different gravity flow have been investigate through the methods of seismic sedimentology,sedimentary tectonic,logging,core observation and field outcrop. The results show that there are four types of gravity flow deposits which are slump deposits,sandy debris flow deposits,muddy debris flow deposits and turbidity deposits. Slump sand bodies develop crumpling and deformation,micro-folds,flaming structures,ball pillow structures,and sandstone intrusions in mudstones. The parallel bedding and small sand stratum bedding are seen sandy debris flow deposits and turbidity sandstone. On the surfaces of turbidite exists some flute casts and groove casts. Affected by different hydrodynamic conditions and basin bottom patterns,different types of gravity flow deposits are distributed on the slope break belt and its vicinity. The study considers that the source supply of sediments is the material basis. The basin bottom type provides space conditions,and structure activity is the trigger mechanism of gravity flow deposition. It provides the basis for gravity flow deposits studies in other regions of the Ordos Basin and other types of cratonic basins by the main control factors and sedimentary patterns.
引文
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[12]尚有战,吴小斌,崔智林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵探区细粒浊积砂体低渗致密机理[J].断块油气田,2015,22(1):26-30.
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[17]李相博,陈启林,刘化清,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):16-21.
[18]郝松立,李兆雨,李文厚.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部延长组长7段浊积岩沉积特征[J].地质通报,2016,35(2/3):424-432.
[19]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.沉积物重力流研究进展综述[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(2):157-165.
[20]李文厚,邵磊,魏红红,等.西北地区湖相浊流沉积[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2001,31(1):58-63.
[21]吴嘉鹏,王英民,王海荣,等.深水重力流与底流交互作用研究进展[J].地质论评,2012,58(6):1110-1120.
[22]张雷,李振海,张学娟,等.重力流沉积岩相划分及其发育规律[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(1):17-24.
[23]肖子洋,黄传炎,谢通,等.砂质碎屑流典型特征及识别标志[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):45-49.
[24]高红灿,郑荣才,魏钦廉,等.碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(8):815-827.
[25]王颖,王晓州,王英民,等.大型拗陷湖盆坡折带背景下的重力流沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1076-1083.
[26]刘建平,鲜本忠,王璐,等.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷始新世三角洲供给型重力流地震沉积学研究[J].古地理学报,2016,18(6):961-975.
[2]邹才能,赵政璋,杨华,等.陆相湖盆深水砂质碎屑流成因机制与分布特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1065-1075.
[3]李相博,卫平生,刘化清,等.浅谈沉积物重力流分类与深水沉积模式[J].地质论评,2013,59(4):607-614.
[4]孙宁亮,钟建华,王书宝,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部三叠系延长组深水重力流沉积特征及其石油地质意义[J].古地理学报,2017,19(2):299-314.
[5]杨仁超,何治亮,邱桂强,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世重力流沉积体系[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):661-670.
[6]尚婷,陈刚,李文厚,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富黄探区延长组浊流沉积与油气聚集关系[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2013,43(1):81-88.
[7]李凤杰,李磊,魏旭,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区长6油层组湖底扇内深水重力流沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2014,16(6):827-834.
[8]廖纪佳,朱筱敏,邓秀芹,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组重力流沉积特征及其模式[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):29-39.
[9]杨华,邓秀芹.构造事件对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组深水砂岩沉积的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(5):513-520.
[10]赵俊兴,陈洪德,付锁堂,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组中几个重要事件沉积及其油气聚集关系[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):90-95.
[11]石玉江,李文厚,王长胜,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7段浊积扇对油气聚集的控制[J].地质通报,2016,35(2/3):406-414.
[12]尚有战,吴小斌,崔智林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵探区细粒浊积砂体低渗致密机理[J].断块油气田,2015,22(1):26-30.
[13]刘芬,朱筱敏,李洋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部延长组重力流沉积特征及相模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(5):577-588.
[14]赵俊兴,李凤杰,申晓莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部长6和长7油层浊流事件的沉积特征及发育模式[J].石油学报,2008,29(3):389-394.
[15]付金华,邓秀芹,张晓磊,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组深水砂岩与致密油的关系[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):624-634.
[16]卢龙飞,史基安,蔡进功,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田三叠系延长组浊流沉积及成因模式[J].地球学报,2006,27(4):303-309.
[17]李相博,陈启林,刘化清,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3种沉积物重力流及其含油气性[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):16-21.
[18]郝松立,李兆雨,李文厚.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部延长组长7段浊积岩沉积特征[J].地质通报,2016,35(2/3):424-432.
[19]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.沉积物重力流研究进展综述[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(2):157-165.
[20]李文厚,邵磊,魏红红,等.西北地区湖相浊流沉积[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2001,31(1):58-63.
[21]吴嘉鹏,王英民,王海荣,等.深水重力流与底流交互作用研究进展[J].地质论评,2012,58(6):1110-1120.
[22]张雷,李振海,张学娟,等.重力流沉积岩相划分及其发育规律[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(1):17-24.
[23]肖子洋,黄传炎,谢通,等.砂质碎屑流典型特征及识别标志[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):45-49.
[24]高红灿,郑荣才,魏钦廉,等.碎屑流与浊流的流体性质及沉积特征研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(8):815-827.
[25]王颖,王晓州,王英民,等.大型拗陷湖盆坡折带背景下的重力流沉积模式[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1076-1083.
[26]刘建平,鲜本忠,王璐,等.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷始新世三角洲供给型重力流地震沉积学研究[J].古地理学报,2016,18(6):961-975.