城市地下综合管廊常见运维灾害及对策研究
|
摘要
城市地下综合管廊作为现代化城市建设中不可或缺的一种重要基础设施,是保持城市能量流、物质流及信息流畅通的众多生命线之家,然而可以预见大量的灾害将成为其正常运行的严重威胁。在对国内外城市地下综合管廊灾害事故统计分析的基础上,结合与之具有一定程度相似性的市政管线(或隧道)及其他类型运营隧道灾害,系统划分了其运维期灾害类型,并对自然灾害、技术灾害和人为灾害类型进行了细分,提出了其运维期灾害防控的基本原则。在此基础上,重点分析总结了综合管廊火灾和震害的产生机理和应对措施;还就人为灾害、渗漏水问题、不均匀沉降以及环境安全问题及其对策进行了研究。研究成果可为运维期综合管廊减灾防灾提供参考。
As an indispensable infrastructure during modern city development,utility tunnel is the home of many lifelines which keeps city energy flow,material flow and information flow unimpeded. However,it can be predicted that a large number of disasters will become a serious threat to the normal operation of utility tunnel.Based on the statistical analysis of utility tunnel disaster accidents,and referred to operational disasters of municipal pipelines( or tunnels) and other types of tunnel,we systematically classified the types of operation disasters of utility tunnel,it also split natural disaster,technological disaster and man-made disaster into small hazards,besides,basic principles of disaster prevention during operation period of utility tunnel were raised. Based on the work above,the mechanism and countermeasures of fire and quake-proof of utility tunnel were summarized. Meanwhile,many other hazards such as man-made disaster,leakage problems,differential settlement and environmental safety problems were also studied. The results can be used as a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation in operation period of utility tunnel.
As an indispensable infrastructure during modern city development,utility tunnel is the home of many lifelines which keeps city energy flow,material flow and information flow unimpeded. However,it can be predicted that a large number of disasters will become a serious threat to the normal operation of utility tunnel.Based on the statistical analysis of utility tunnel disaster accidents,and referred to operational disasters of municipal pipelines( or tunnels) and other types of tunnel,we systematically classified the types of operation disasters of utility tunnel,it also split natural disaster,technological disaster and man-made disaster into small hazards,besides,basic principles of disaster prevention during operation period of utility tunnel were raised. Based on the work above,the mechanism and countermeasures of fire and quake-proof of utility tunnel were summarized. Meanwhile,many other hazards such as man-made disaster,leakage problems,differential settlement and environmental safety problems were also studied. The results can be used as a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation in operation period of utility tunnel.
引文
[1] GB50838—2015城市综合管廊工程技术规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2015.
[2]钱七虎,陈晓强.国内外地下综合管线廊道发展的现状、问题及对策[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(2):191-194.
[3]油新华.城市综合管廊建设发展现状[J].建筑技术,2017,48(9):902-906.
[4] YANG Chao,PENG FangLe. Discussion on the development of underground utility tunnels in China[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,(165):540-548.
[5] J J Cano-Hurtado,J Canto-Perello. Sustainable development of urban underground space for utilities[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999,14(3):335-340.
[6]方印.论我国防灾减灾法的基本原则[J].贵州警官职业学院学报,2013,25(2):5-12.
[7]仲崇军.综合管沟消防系统的一种设计方案探讨[J].城市道桥与防洪,2015,32(6):239-241,24.
[8]孙磊,刘澄波.综合管廊的消防灭火系统比较与分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(3):616-620.
[9] Carvel,R O,Drysdale,D D. The influence of tunnel geometry and ventilation on the heat release rate of a fire[J]. Fire Technology 2004,40(1):5-26.
[10] ZHANG XingHui,GUAN YuXi,FANG Zheng,et al. Fire risk analysis and prevention of urban comprehensive pipeline corridor[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,135:462-467.
[11] Jorge Curiel-Esparza,Julian Canto-Perello. Indoor atmosphere hazard identification in person entry urban utility tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20(5):426-434.
[12]包亮.城市下水道及化粪池可燃气体监控预警系统研制与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.
[13]胡敏华,李良胜,蔺宏.燃气共同沟的火灾危险性及自动报警[J].基建优化,2005,26(1):79-82.
[14]方自虎,王家远.共同沟内燃气扩散规律的数值分析[J].武汉大学报(工学版),2009,42(2):215-218,235.
[15] Hiromitsu Ishii,Kiyoshi Kawamura,Takashi Ono,et al. A fire detection system using optical fibres for utility tunnels[J]. Fire Safety Journal,1997,29(2):87-98.
[16]蔡贤卿,朱玉明,王鹏.城市地下综合管廊智能监控平台研究[J].城市住宅,2017,24(3):27-31.
[17]王建,王恒栋,祁峰.综合管沟消防设计研究[J].城市道桥与防洪,2008,25(1):73-76,20.
[18] TANG Aiping,GAI Zengbin,WEN Aihua,et al. Seismic Isolation Simulation of Pipeline in Utility Tunnel[C]//ICPTT 2012:Better Pipeline Infrastructure for a Better Life-Proceedings of the International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology2012. Wu Han,2013:1534-1544.
[19]岳庆霞.地下综合管廊地震反应分析与抗震可靠性研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[20]岳庆霞,李杰.地下综合管廊地震响应研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(3):285-290.
[21]岳庆霞,李杰.近似Rayleigh地震波作用下地下综合管廊响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(4):409-416.
[22] JIANG Luzhen,LI Jie,CHEN Jun. Seismic Response of Underground Utility Tunnel under Different Types of Earthquake Wave Excitation[C]//ICPTT 2014-Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology. Xia Men,2014:750-755.
[23] JIANG Luzhen,CHEN Jun,LI Jie. Dynamic Response Analysis of Underground Utility Tunnel during the Propagation of Rayleigh Wave[C]//Proc. International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2009,ICPTT 2009:Advances and Experiences with Pipelines and Trenchless Technology for Water,Sewer,Gas,and Oil Applications. Shang Hai,2009,361:1174-1183.
[24]汪敏.某综合管廊工程抗地基液化变形的设计[J].城市道桥与防洪,2011,28(8):361-364.
[25] YANG Jian,WANG Hengdong. Seismic Response Analysis of Shallow Utility Tunnel in Liquefiable Soils[C]//ICPTT 2012:Better Pipeline Infrastructure for a Better Life-Proceedings of the International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2012. Wu Han,2013:1606-1618.
[26]薛伟辰.预制拼装混凝土综合管廊试验与理论研究[R].北京:中国市政工程协会,2017.
[27]许海勇,范益群.城市地下大空间防灾中的几个重点问题[J].灾害学,2016,31(3):91-94.
[28] Julian CantoPerello,Jorge CurielEsparza,Vicente Calvo. Criticality and threat analysis on utility tunnels for planning security policies of utilities in urban underground space[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2013,40(11):4707-4714.
[29]王复明,李嘉,石明生,等.堤坝防渗加固新技术研究与应用[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(12):1-11.
[30]汪小兵.城市地下综合管廊沉降跟踪注浆保护措施[C]//2015城市地下空间综合开发技术交流会论文集.上海:同济大学,2015.
[2]钱七虎,陈晓强.国内外地下综合管线廊道发展的现状、问题及对策[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(2):191-194.
[3]油新华.城市综合管廊建设发展现状[J].建筑技术,2017,48(9):902-906.
[4] YANG Chao,PENG FangLe. Discussion on the development of underground utility tunnels in China[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,(165):540-548.
[5] J J Cano-Hurtado,J Canto-Perello. Sustainable development of urban underground space for utilities[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1999,14(3):335-340.
[6]方印.论我国防灾减灾法的基本原则[J].贵州警官职业学院学报,2013,25(2):5-12.
[7]仲崇军.综合管沟消防系统的一种设计方案探讨[J].城市道桥与防洪,2015,32(6):239-241,24.
[8]孙磊,刘澄波.综合管廊的消防灭火系统比较与分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(3):616-620.
[9] Carvel,R O,Drysdale,D D. The influence of tunnel geometry and ventilation on the heat release rate of a fire[J]. Fire Technology 2004,40(1):5-26.
[10] ZHANG XingHui,GUAN YuXi,FANG Zheng,et al. Fire risk analysis and prevention of urban comprehensive pipeline corridor[J]. Procedia Engineering,2016,135:462-467.
[11] Jorge Curiel-Esparza,Julian Canto-Perello. Indoor atmosphere hazard identification in person entry urban utility tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20(5):426-434.
[12]包亮.城市下水道及化粪池可燃气体监控预警系统研制与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.
[13]胡敏华,李良胜,蔺宏.燃气共同沟的火灾危险性及自动报警[J].基建优化,2005,26(1):79-82.
[14]方自虎,王家远.共同沟内燃气扩散规律的数值分析[J].武汉大学报(工学版),2009,42(2):215-218,235.
[15] Hiromitsu Ishii,Kiyoshi Kawamura,Takashi Ono,et al. A fire detection system using optical fibres for utility tunnels[J]. Fire Safety Journal,1997,29(2):87-98.
[16]蔡贤卿,朱玉明,王鹏.城市地下综合管廊智能监控平台研究[J].城市住宅,2017,24(3):27-31.
[17]王建,王恒栋,祁峰.综合管沟消防设计研究[J].城市道桥与防洪,2008,25(1):73-76,20.
[18] TANG Aiping,GAI Zengbin,WEN Aihua,et al. Seismic Isolation Simulation of Pipeline in Utility Tunnel[C]//ICPTT 2012:Better Pipeline Infrastructure for a Better Life-Proceedings of the International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology2012. Wu Han,2013:1534-1544.
[19]岳庆霞.地下综合管廊地震反应分析与抗震可靠性研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[20]岳庆霞,李杰.地下综合管廊地震响应研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(3):285-290.
[21]岳庆霞,李杰.近似Rayleigh地震波作用下地下综合管廊响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2008,28(4):409-416.
[22] JIANG Luzhen,LI Jie,CHEN Jun. Seismic Response of Underground Utility Tunnel under Different Types of Earthquake Wave Excitation[C]//ICPTT 2014-Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology. Xia Men,2014:750-755.
[23] JIANG Luzhen,CHEN Jun,LI Jie. Dynamic Response Analysis of Underground Utility Tunnel during the Propagation of Rayleigh Wave[C]//Proc. International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2009,ICPTT 2009:Advances and Experiences with Pipelines and Trenchless Technology for Water,Sewer,Gas,and Oil Applications. Shang Hai,2009,361:1174-1183.
[24]汪敏.某综合管廊工程抗地基液化变形的设计[J].城市道桥与防洪,2011,28(8):361-364.
[25] YANG Jian,WANG Hengdong. Seismic Response Analysis of Shallow Utility Tunnel in Liquefiable Soils[C]//ICPTT 2012:Better Pipeline Infrastructure for a Better Life-Proceedings of the International Conference on Pipelines and Trenchless Technology 2012. Wu Han,2013:1606-1618.
[26]薛伟辰.预制拼装混凝土综合管廊试验与理论研究[R].北京:中国市政工程协会,2017.
[27]许海勇,范益群.城市地下大空间防灾中的几个重点问题[J].灾害学,2016,31(3):91-94.
[28] Julian CantoPerello,Jorge CurielEsparza,Vicente Calvo. Criticality and threat analysis on utility tunnels for planning security policies of utilities in urban underground space[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2013,40(11):4707-4714.
[29]王复明,李嘉,石明生,等.堤坝防渗加固新技术研究与应用[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(12):1-11.
[30]汪小兵.城市地下综合管廊沉降跟踪注浆保护措施[C]//2015城市地下空间综合开发技术交流会论文集.上海:同济大学,2015.