基于高压纯水射流的45钢表面强化研究
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摘要
目的对高压纯水射流强化后的45钢表面进行研究,分析工艺参数对强化表面残余压应力与表面粗糙度的影响。方法采用正交试验法研究射流压强、靶距、横移速度、进给量和循环次数对强化质量的影响。利用Minitab软件对试验结果进行分析,研究其影响规律,并探究最佳工艺组合。结果工艺参数对纯水射流强化表面残余压应力影响程度的主次顺序依次为:循环次数>进给量>压强>横移速度>靶距;工艺参数对纯水射流强化表面粗糙度影响程度的主次顺序依次为:压强>循环次数>进给量>横移速度>靶距;工艺参数对纯水射流强化表面质量影响程度的主次顺序依次为:压强>靶距>进给量>循环次数>横移速度。综合强化表面残余压应力与表面粗糙度,得到最优工艺参数:射流压强200 MPa、靶距10 mm、进给量0.5 mm、循环次数2次、横移速度100 mm/min。结论高压纯水射流对45钢的表面强化效果显著,所得强化表面残余压应力提升明显,但表面粗糙度提升不明显,表面粗糙度值低于1.1μm。
The work aims to study on the surface of 45 steel strengthened by high pressure pure water jet, and analyze the influence of technological parameters on the strengthening surface residual compressive stress and surface roughness. The orthogonal experimental method was used to study the influence of jet pressure, standoff distance, transverse speed, feed rate and cycle times on the surface quality. Minitab software was used to analyze the test results, study the influence law, and explore the best process combination. From the research, the order of influence of process parameters on residual compressive stress is as follows: times > feed > pressure > traverse speed > standoff distance. The order of influence on surface roughness is pressure > times > feed > traverse speed > standoff distance. As to the surface quality, the order is pressure > standoff distance > feed > times > traverse speed. The optimal process parameters are obtained: jet pressure 200 MPa, standoff distance 10 mm, feed rate 0.5 mm, cycle times 2 and transversal speed 100 mm/min. In a few words, the effect of high pressure pure water jet on the surface hardening of 45 steel is remarkable. The surface residual compressive stress is improved obviously while the surface roughness does not increase obviously, and the surface roughness is lower than 1.1 μm.
The work aims to study on the surface of 45 steel strengthened by high pressure pure water jet, and analyze the influence of technological parameters on the strengthening surface residual compressive stress and surface roughness. The orthogonal experimental method was used to study the influence of jet pressure, standoff distance, transverse speed, feed rate and cycle times on the surface quality. Minitab software was used to analyze the test results, study the influence law, and explore the best process combination. From the research, the order of influence of process parameters on residual compressive stress is as follows: times > feed > pressure > traverse speed > standoff distance. The order of influence on surface roughness is pressure > times > feed > traverse speed > standoff distance. As to the surface quality, the order is pressure > standoff distance > feed > times > traverse speed. The optimal process parameters are obtained: jet pressure 200 MPa, standoff distance 10 mm, feed rate 0.5 mm, cycle times 2 and transversal speed 100 mm/min. In a few words, the effect of high pressure pure water jet on the surface hardening of 45 steel is remarkable. The surface residual compressive stress is improved obviously while the surface roughness does not increase obviously, and the surface roughness is lower than 1.1 μm.
引文
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[17]邹云,桑振宽,李大磊,等.304不锈钢水射流强化工艺的多目标优化设计[J].表面技术,2018,47(2):25-29.ZOU Yun,SANG Zhen-kuan,LI Da-lei,et al.Multiobjective optimal design of enhancing technology for 304stainless steel by water jet peening[J].Surface technology,2018,47(2):25-29.
[2]曾元松,李耐锐,郭和平.高压水冲击强化技术的研究现状及发展[J].塑性工程学报,2008(1):97-103.ZENG Yuan-song,LI Nai-rui,GUO He-ping.Research status and development of waterjet peening technologys[J].Journal of plasticity engineering,2008(1):97-103.
[3]范航京.等离子氮化及表面强化对42Cr Mo齿轮钢接触疲劳性能的影响[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2017.FAN Hang-jing.Influence of plasma nitriding and surface hardening composite treatment on contact fatigue properties of 42CrMo gear steel[D].Guiyang:Guizhou University,2017.
[4]范航京,梁益龙,邹雄,等.42CrMo钢等离子氮化和水射流喷丸复合处理[J].中国表面工程,2016,29(6):23-29.FAN Hang-jing,LIANG Yi-long,ZOU Xiong,et al.Composite treatment of water jet shot peening combined with plasma nitriding on 42CrMo steel[J].China surface engineering,2016,29(6):23-29.
[5]沈言锦,李雪丰,唐利平.超声功率对激光熔覆WC强化Fe基复合涂层组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2018,43(5):168-172.SHEN Yan-jin,LI Xue-feng,TANG Li-ping.Effect of ultrasonic power on microstructure and properties of laser-clad WC strengthened Fe-based composite coating[J].Metal heat treatment,2018,43(5):168-172.
[6]张大.高压水射流冲击材料表面强化的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.ZHANG Da.Investigation on surface strengthening of high pressure waterjet peening[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.
[7]张大,李耐锐,曾元松,等.高压水射流参数对材料表面强化性能的影响[J].材料科学与工程学报,2007(5):750-754.ZHANG Da,LI Nai-rui,ZENG Yuan-song,et al.Influencing of high pressure waterjet peening parameter on surface strengthening properties[J].Journal of materials science and engineering,2007(5):750-754.
[8]曾元松,黄遐.铝合金7075T651高压水喷丸强化工艺试验研究[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(5):219-225.ZENG Yuan-song,HUANG Xia.Experimental research on the high pressure water jet peening process for aluminum alloy 7075T651[J].Journal of plasticity engineering,2017,24(5):219-225.
[9]雷晓.空化水射流喷丸316不锈钢的试验研究与有限元模拟[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.LEI Xiao.Experimental study and finite element simulation of water-jet cavitation peening 316 stainless steel[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2014.
[10]邹雄.磨料水射流喷丸对两种渗碳钢表面完整性及疲劳性能的影响[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2017.ZOU Xiong.Effect of abrasive water jet peening on surface integrity and fatigue properties of two kinds of carburizing steel[D].Guizhou:Guizhou University,2017.
[11]董星,郭睿智,段雄.前混合水射流喷丸强化表面力学特性及疲劳寿命试验[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(14):164-170.DONG Xing,GUO Rui-zhi,DUAN Xiong.Surface mechanical characteristics and fatigue life experiments of premixed water jet peening strengthening[J].Journal of mechanical engineering,2011,47(14):164-170.
[12]吕国庆.前混合水射流喷丸强化数值模拟与试验研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2010.LYU Guo-qing.The simulation and experimental study of pre-mixed water jet shot peening technology[D].Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2010.
[13]DONG X,GUO R Z,SONG S W,et al.Water jet shot peening strengthening surface roughness[J].Advanced materials research,2013,670:174-179.
[14]XIE J,RITTEL D.Three-dimensional stochastic modeling of metallic surface roughness resulting from pure water jet peening[J].International journal of engineering science,2017,120:241-253.
[15]HUANG L,FOLKES J,KINNELL P,et al.Mechanisms of damage initiation in a titanium alloy subjected to water droplet impact during ultra-high pressure plain water jet erosion[J].Journal of materials processing technology,2012,212(9):1906-1915.
[16]AZHARI A,SCHINDLER C,HILBERT K,et al.Influence of water jet peening and smoothing on the material surface and properties of stainless steel 304[J].Surface&coatings technology,2014,258:1176-1182.
[17]邹云,桑振宽,李大磊,等.304不锈钢水射流强化工艺的多目标优化设计[J].表面技术,2018,47(2):25-29.ZOU Yun,SANG Zhen-kuan,LI Da-lei,et al.Multiobjective optimal design of enhancing technology for 304stainless steel by water jet peening[J].Surface technology,2018,47(2):25-29.
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