基于频谱分析的光伏系统高、中、低三频储能容量优化配置
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摘要
受光照强度、温度等影响,光伏输出功率具有较大波动。为减小功率波动对电网的影响,同时降低系统成本,提出基于频谱分析的光伏系统高、中、低三频储能容量优化方法。利用快速傅里叶变换进行频谱分析,结合差额功率频谱特性和储能响应特性,提出将差额功率划分高、中、低三补偿频段,计算各频段内满足系统补偿要求的储能设备最小容量,以及根据荷电容量(state of charge,SOC)和储能设备额定参数对计算容量进行修正的方法。综合考虑储能循环寿命对各补偿频段分割频率进行优化,实现混合储能系统的效益最大化。实际算例计算仿真结果表明,和传统高、低两频混合储能系统相比,在满足相同平抑目标的情况下,所提出的高、中、低三频储能容量优化方法所得结果具有更好的经济性。
The fluctuation of photovoltaic system output power affects the power grid as a result of factors like temperature and light intensity. To smooth the fluctuation and reduce system cost,this paper proposes a capacity optimal design of high,medium,and low three-frequency energy storage devices for photovoltaic system based on frequency analysis.It applied the Fast Fourier Transform method for analyzing the spectrum of balancing power. Considering the spectrum characteristics and energy storage response characteristics of power difference,this paper divided the power difference into high,medium,and low compensation frequency ranges. The minimum capacity which met the compensating requirement of each energy storage equipment was calculated and modified according to energy storage state of charge and realistic parameters. The optimization of cut-off frequencies to maximize the benefits of hybrid energy storage was conducted by taking into consideration the energy storage cycle life. The simulation results showed that under the same technique requirements,the proposed method is more economical compared with the traditional high and low frequency hybrid energy storage system.
The fluctuation of photovoltaic system output power affects the power grid as a result of factors like temperature and light intensity. To smooth the fluctuation and reduce system cost,this paper proposes a capacity optimal design of high,medium,and low three-frequency energy storage devices for photovoltaic system based on frequency analysis.It applied the Fast Fourier Transform method for analyzing the spectrum of balancing power. Considering the spectrum characteristics and energy storage response characteristics of power difference,this paper divided the power difference into high,medium,and low compensation frequency ranges. The minimum capacity which met the compensating requirement of each energy storage equipment was calculated and modified according to energy storage state of charge and realistic parameters. The optimization of cut-off frequencies to maximize the benefits of hybrid energy storage was conducted by taking into consideration the energy storage cycle life. The simulation results showed that under the same technique requirements,the proposed method is more economical compared with the traditional high and low frequency hybrid energy storage system.
引文
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[13]韩晓娟,程成,籍天明,等.计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(34):91-97.HAN X J,CHENG C,JI T M,et al.Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(34):91-97.
[14]桑丙玉,王德顺,杨波,等.平滑新能源输出波动的储能优化配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3700-3706.SANG B Y,WANG D S,YANG B,et al.Optimal allocation of energy storage system for smoothing the output fluctuations of new energy[J]Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3700-3706.
[2]熊雄,王江波,杨仁刚,等.微电网中混合储能模糊自适应控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(3):677-681.XIONG X,WANG J B,YANG R G,et al.A fuzzy adaptive control strategy for composite energy storage system to cope with output power fluctuation of intermittent energy source in microgrid[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(3):677-681.
[3]李龙云,胡博,谢开贵,等.基于离散傅里叶变换的孤岛型微电网混合储能优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):108-116.LI Y L,HU B,XIE K G,et al.Capacity optimization of hybrid energy storage systems in isolated microgrids based on discrete fourier transform[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):108-116.
[4]江润洲,邱晓燕,陈光堂.风电场混合储能系统优化配置方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2015,21(1):37-42.JIANG R Z,QIU X Y,CHEN G T.Optimal configuration method of hybrid energy storage system for wind farm[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2015,21(1):37-42.
[5]MERCIER P,CHERKAOUI R,OUDALOV A.Optimization battery energy storage system for frequency control application in an isolated power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(3):1469-1477.
[6]丁明,林根德,陈自年,等.一种适用于混合储能系统的控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(7):1-6.DING M,LIN G D,CHEN Z N,et al.A control strategy for hybrid energy storage systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(7):1-6.
[7]MOHSENI H R,WILDING E L,SANEI S.Preprocessing of event-related potential signals via Kalman filtering and smoothing[C].15th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing,Cardiff,UK:IEEE,2007:179-182.
[8]MAKAROV Y V,DU P,KINTNER-MEYER M C W,et al.Sizing energy storage to accommodate high penetration of variable energy resources[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2012,3(1):34-40.
[9]ABHISHEK Pandey,NICOLAS H Younan.傅里叶变换用于地下电缆故障检测(英文)[J].高电压技术,2011,11:2686-2692.ABHISHEK Pandey,NICOLAS H Younan.Use of Fourier transformation for detection of faults in underground power cables[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,11:2686-2692.
[10]肖峻,白临泉,王成山,等.基于频谱分析的孤立微网中储能和柴油发电机容量的优化方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2342-2348.XIAO J,BAI L Q,WANG C S,et al.Spectrum analysis based capacity optimization method of energy storage and diesel engines in island microgrids[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(9):2342-2348.
[11]王成山,于波,肖峻,等.平滑可再生能源发电系统输出波动的储能系统容量优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):1-8.WANG C S,YU B,XIAO J,et al.Sizing of energy storage systems for output smoothing of renewable energy systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):1-8.
[12]张国驹,唐西胜,齐智平.平抑间歇式电源功率波动的混合储能系统设计[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(20):24-28.ZHANG G J,TANG X S,QI Z P.Design of a hybrid energy storage system on leveling off fluctuation power outputs of intermittent sources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(20):24-28.
[13]韩晓娟,程成,籍天明,等.计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(34):91-97.HAN X J,CHENG C,JI T M,et al.Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(34):91-97.
[14]桑丙玉,王德顺,杨波,等.平滑新能源输出波动的储能优化配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3700-3706.SANG B Y,WANG D S,YANG B,et al.Optimal allocation of energy storage system for smoothing the output fluctuations of new energy[J]Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3700-3706.