进水碳氮比对缺氧/好氧SBR亚硝化系统的影响
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摘要
为研究不同进水碳氮比对缺氧/好氧SBR亚硝化系统的影响,在室温下(18～20℃),调节进水的碳氮比为0,2/3,1,4/3,2,3,6,对反应器的运行情况进行研究.结果表明:在进水COD和氨氮负荷分别为0. 2,0. 3 kg/(m~3·d)时,仅历经24 d就成功获得了亚硝化絮状污泥,比进水无COD的污泥系统能较快启动亚硝化工艺.在碳氮比小于6时,污泥系统均能保持良好的亚硝化性能,亚硝化率大于90%;碳氮比为6时,亚硝化率下降至70%.进水碳氮比为4/3时,异养菌充分利用进水COD进行脱氮,总氮的去除率达到49. 8%,且COD的去除率保持在80%以上;进水碳氮比小于4/3时,污泥系统缺乏碳源,总氮去除率随着碳氮比的增加而增加;当碳氮比为4/3～2时,COD和总氮去除率几乎没有变化;当碳氮比为2～6时,由于进水氨氮负荷的降低,COD和总氮的去除率呈下降趋势,运行末期(154 d),COD和总氮的去除率分别为64. 8%,18%.由COD的增加而引起碳氮比的增加时,蛋白质(PN)呈逐渐增加的趋势,多糖(PS)几乎不变,而由氨氮的减少引起碳氮比的增加,PN和PS均下降,但PN与PS比呈上升趋势.
In order to assess the impact of different carbon/nitrogen( C/N) on anoxic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor( SBR) nitrosation system,the C/N was adjusted to 0,2/3,1,4/3,2,3,6 at room temperature(18-20 ℃). The results showed that the activated sludge system with the influent chemical oxygen demand( COD)loading and ammonia loading of 0. 2 and 0. 3 kg/( m~3·d) successfully achieved nitritation only after 24 d. It needed more time to achieve nitritation with no COD in influent. When the C/N was less than 6,the system maintained good nitritation performance with the nitrosation rate of over 90%. When the C/N was 6,the nitrosation rate dropped to 70%. When the C/N was 4/3,the heterotrophic bacteria used the influent COD for denitrification adequately,the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 49. 8%,and the COD removal efficiency remained above80%. Because the sludge system lacked the carbon source,the total nitrogen removal efficiency increased with the increase of the C/N when it was less than 4/3. When the C/N was 4/3 to 2,the COD and total nitrogen removal efficiencies almost remained unchanged. When the C/N was 2 to 6,due to the reduction of influent ammonia loading,the removal efficiencies of COD and total nitrogen showed a downward trend. At the end of operation(154 d),COD and total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 64. 8% and 18%,respectively. When the C/N increased due to an increase in COD,the proteins( PN) tended to increase gradually,and polysaccharides( PS)almost did not change,while the decrease in ammonia caused an increase in the C/N,PN and PS decreased,but the value of PN/PS increased.
In order to assess the impact of different carbon/nitrogen( C/N) on anoxic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor( SBR) nitrosation system,the C/N was adjusted to 0,2/3,1,4/3,2,3,6 at room temperature(18-20 ℃). The results showed that the activated sludge system with the influent chemical oxygen demand( COD)loading and ammonia loading of 0. 2 and 0. 3 kg/( m~3·d) successfully achieved nitritation only after 24 d. It needed more time to achieve nitritation with no COD in influent. When the C/N was less than 6,the system maintained good nitritation performance with the nitrosation rate of over 90%. When the C/N was 6,the nitrosation rate dropped to 70%. When the C/N was 4/3,the heterotrophic bacteria used the influent COD for denitrification adequately,the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 49. 8%,and the COD removal efficiency remained above80%. Because the sludge system lacked the carbon source,the total nitrogen removal efficiency increased with the increase of the C/N when it was less than 4/3. When the C/N was 4/3 to 2,the COD and total nitrogen removal efficiencies almost remained unchanged. When the C/N was 2 to 6,due to the reduction of influent ammonia loading,the removal efficiencies of COD and total nitrogen showed a downward trend. At the end of operation(154 d),COD and total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 64. 8% and 18%,respectively. When the C/N increased due to an increase in COD,the proteins( PN) tended to increase gradually,and polysaccharides( PS)almost did not change,while the decrease in ammonia caused an increase in the C/N,PN and PS decreased,but the value of PN/PS increased.
引文
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[8]张艳辉,李冬,梁瑜海,等.缺氧/好氧比对连续流半亚硝化稳定性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(6):1724ZHANG Yanhui, LI Dong, LIANG Yuhai, et al. Influence of anoxic/aerobic ratio on stability of partial nitritation in a continuous flow process[J]. China Environmental Science,2016,36(6):1724
[9]张杰,张艳辉,李冬,等.缺氧/好氧和协同控制DO/HRT工艺对亚硝化的影响比较[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(8):11ZHANG Jie,ZHANG Yanhui,LI Dong,et al. Comparison of effects on partial nitrification between anoxic-oxic and controling DO/HRT process[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(8):11. DOI:10. 11918/j. issn. 0367-6234. 2016. 08. 002
[10]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等. SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403GAO Chundi,WANG Weixiao,LI Hao,et al. Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403
[11]梁瑜海.不同污水处理工艺形式的自养脱氮性能及其微生物特征研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2016LIANG Yuhai. The performance and microbial characteristics of autotrophic nitrogen removal process with different wastewater treatment forms[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2016
[12]RODRIGUEZ D C,PINO N,PENUELA G. Monitoring the removal of nitrogen by applying a nitrification-denitrification process in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2316. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2010. 10. 082
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[14]JIN R,LIU G,LI C,et al. Effects of carbon-nitrogen ratio on nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor enhanced with lowintensity ultrasound[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,148(7):128. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2013. 08. 141
[15]XIA S,LI J,WANG R. Nitrogen removal performance and microbial community structure dynamics response to carbon nitrogen ratio in a compact suspended carrier biofilm reactor[J]. Ecological Engineering,2008,32(3):256. DOI:10. 1016/j. ecoleng. 2007.11. 013
[16]TAN C,MA F,QIU S. Impact of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrogen removal at a low oxygen concentration in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor[J]. Water Science&Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research,2013,67(3):612. DOI:10. 2166/wst. 2012. 554
[17]高景峰,彭永臻,王淑莹. SBR法去除有机物、硝化和反硝化过程中p H变化规律[J].环境工程,2001,19(5):21GAO Jingfeng,PENG Yongzhen,WANG Shuying. Law of changes in pH during process of nitrification,denitrification and organism removal by SBR[J]. Environmental Engineering,2001,19(5):21. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-8942. 2001. 05. 006
[18]SHI Y J,WANG X H,YU H B,et al. Aerobic granulation for nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor and the emission of nitrous oxide[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2536. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2010. 11. 081
[19]路聪聪,王淑莹,葛士建,等.苯酚对污水生物脱氮系统亚硝积累及污泥性能的影响[J].化工学报,2013,64(7):2641LU Congcong, WANG Shuying, GE Shijian, et al. Effects of phenol on nitrite accumulation and sludge performance in biological nitrogen removal system[J]. CIESC Journal,2013,64(7):2641.DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 0438-1157. 2013. 07. 045
[20]彭赵旭,彭永臻,桂丽娟,等.低溶解氧丝状菌污泥微膨胀在SBR中的可行性[J].化工学报,2010,61(6):1534PENG Zhaoxu,PENG Yongzhen,GUI Lijuan,et al. Feasibility study on limited bulking of sludge containing filamentous bacteria with low dissolved oxygen in SBR[J]. CIESC Journal,2010,61(6):1534
[21] SPONZA D T. Extracellular polymer substances and physicochemical properties of flocs in steady and unsteady-state activated sludge systems[J]. Process Biochemistry,2002,37(9):983. DOI:10. 1016/S0032-9592(1)00306-5
[22]周玲君,杨朝晖,罗远玲,等.常温下亚硝化活性污泥的驯化及其特征[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(7):10ZHOU Lingjun, YANG Zhaohui, LUO Yuanling, et al.Domestication and characteristics of short-cut nitrification activated sludge at normal temperatures[J]. China Water and Wastewater,2011,27(7):10
[23]吴昌永,王然登,彭永臻.污水处理颗粒污泥技术原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:136WU Changyong, WANG Randeng, PENG Yongzhen, et al.Principle and application of granular sludge in wastewater treatment[M]. Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2011:136
[24]张云霞,季民,李超,等.好氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)的生化性研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3124ZHANG Yunxia, JI Min, LI Chao, et al. Biodegradability of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)produced by aerobic granules[J]. Environmental Science,2008,29(11):3124. DOI:10. 13227/j. hjkx. 2008. 11. 016
[25]夏志红.碳氮比对硝化污泥胞外聚合物及污泥特性的影响研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2014XIA Zhihong. Effect of COD/N ratio on the EPS and characteristics of nitrifying activated sludge[D]. Xi`an:Xi`an University of Architecture and Technology,2014
[26]李冬,吴青,梁瑜海,等.不同基质条件对亚硝化污泥胞外聚合物的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,47(4):81LI Dong,WU Qing,LIANG Yuhai,et al. Effect of substrate concentration and type on the content of extracellular polymeric substances in the nitrification sludge[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2015,47(4):81. DOI:10. 11918/j. issn. 0367-6234. 2015. 04. 014
[2]KATSOGIANNIS A N,KORNAROS M,LYBERATOS G. Enhanced nitrogen removal in SBRs bypassing nitrate generation accomplished by multiple aerobic/anoxic phase pairs[J]. Water Science&Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research,2003,47(11):53
[3]WANG L,ZHU J,MILLER C. The stability of accumulating nitrite from Swine wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor[J]. Applied Biochemistry&Biotechnology,2011,163(3):362. DOI:10.1007/s12010-010-9044-7
[4]KORNAROS M,DOKIANAKIS S N,LYBERATOS G. Partial nitrification/denitrification can be attributed to the slow response of nitrite oxidizing bacteria to periodic anoxic disturbances[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2010,44(19):7245. DOI:10. 1021/es100564j
[5]YANG S,YANG F. Nitrogen removal via short-cut simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an intermittently aerated moving bed membrane bioreactor[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,195(1):318. DOI:10. 1016/j. jhazmat. 2011. 08. 045
[6]LI H,ZHOU S,HUANG G,et al. Partial nitritation of landfill leachate with varying influent composition under intermittent aeration conditions[J]. Process Safety&Environmental Protection,2013,91(4):285. DOI:10. 1016/j. psep. 2012. 05. 009
[7]WAN J,BESSIERE Y,SPERANDIO M. Alternating anoxic feast/aerobic famine condition for improving granular sludge formation in sequencing batch airlift reactor at reduced aeration rate[J]. Water Research,2009,43(20):5097. DOI:10. 1016/j. watres. 2009.08. 045
[8]张艳辉,李冬,梁瑜海,等.缺氧/好氧比对连续流半亚硝化稳定性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(6):1724ZHANG Yanhui, LI Dong, LIANG Yuhai, et al. Influence of anoxic/aerobic ratio on stability of partial nitritation in a continuous flow process[J]. China Environmental Science,2016,36(6):1724
[9]张杰,张艳辉,李冬,等.缺氧/好氧和协同控制DO/HRT工艺对亚硝化的影响比较[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(8):11ZHANG Jie,ZHANG Yanhui,LI Dong,et al. Comparison of effects on partial nitrification between anoxic-oxic and controling DO/HRT process[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(8):11. DOI:10. 11918/j. issn. 0367-6234. 2016. 08. 002
[10]高春娣,王惟肖,李浩,等. SBR法交替缺氧好氧模式下短程硝化效率的优化[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):403GAO Chundi,WANG Weixiao,LI Hao,et al. Optimization of efficiency on partial nitrification under the mode of alternating anoxic/oxic in sequencing batch reactor[J]. China Environmental Science,2015,35(2):403
[11]梁瑜海.不同污水处理工艺形式的自养脱氮性能及其微生物特征研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2016LIANG Yuhai. The performance and microbial characteristics of autotrophic nitrogen removal process with different wastewater treatment forms[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2016
[12]RODRIGUEZ D C,PINO N,PENUELA G. Monitoring the removal of nitrogen by applying a nitrification-denitrification process in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2316. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2010. 10. 082
[13]曹令通.有机物浓度对硝化作用影响的试验研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2009CAO Lingtong. The study of the influence of organic matter concentration on nitrification[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2009
[14]JIN R,LIU G,LI C,et al. Effects of carbon-nitrogen ratio on nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor enhanced with lowintensity ultrasound[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,148(7):128. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2013. 08. 141
[15]XIA S,LI J,WANG R. Nitrogen removal performance and microbial community structure dynamics response to carbon nitrogen ratio in a compact suspended carrier biofilm reactor[J]. Ecological Engineering,2008,32(3):256. DOI:10. 1016/j. ecoleng. 2007.11. 013
[16]TAN C,MA F,QIU S. Impact of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrogen removal at a low oxygen concentration in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor[J]. Water Science&Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research,2013,67(3):612. DOI:10. 2166/wst. 2012. 554
[17]高景峰,彭永臻,王淑莹. SBR法去除有机物、硝化和反硝化过程中p H变化规律[J].环境工程,2001,19(5):21GAO Jingfeng,PENG Yongzhen,WANG Shuying. Law of changes in pH during process of nitrification,denitrification and organism removal by SBR[J]. Environmental Engineering,2001,19(5):21. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-8942. 2001. 05. 006
[18]SHI Y J,WANG X H,YU H B,et al. Aerobic granulation for nitrogen removal via nitrite in a sequencing batch reactor and the emission of nitrous oxide[J]. Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2536. DOI:10. 1016/j. biortech. 2010. 11. 081
[19]路聪聪,王淑莹,葛士建,等.苯酚对污水生物脱氮系统亚硝积累及污泥性能的影响[J].化工学报,2013,64(7):2641LU Congcong, WANG Shuying, GE Shijian, et al. Effects of phenol on nitrite accumulation and sludge performance in biological nitrogen removal system[J]. CIESC Journal,2013,64(7):2641.DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 0438-1157. 2013. 07. 045
[20]彭赵旭,彭永臻,桂丽娟,等.低溶解氧丝状菌污泥微膨胀在SBR中的可行性[J].化工学报,2010,61(6):1534PENG Zhaoxu,PENG Yongzhen,GUI Lijuan,et al. Feasibility study on limited bulking of sludge containing filamentous bacteria with low dissolved oxygen in SBR[J]. CIESC Journal,2010,61(6):1534
[21] SPONZA D T. Extracellular polymer substances and physicochemical properties of flocs in steady and unsteady-state activated sludge systems[J]. Process Biochemistry,2002,37(9):983. DOI:10. 1016/S0032-9592(1)00306-5
[22]周玲君,杨朝晖,罗远玲,等.常温下亚硝化活性污泥的驯化及其特征[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(7):10ZHOU Lingjun, YANG Zhaohui, LUO Yuanling, et al.Domestication and characteristics of short-cut nitrification activated sludge at normal temperatures[J]. China Water and Wastewater,2011,27(7):10
[23]吴昌永,王然登,彭永臻.污水处理颗粒污泥技术原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:136WU Changyong, WANG Randeng, PENG Yongzhen, et al.Principle and application of granular sludge in wastewater treatment[M]. Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2011:136
[24]张云霞,季民,李超,等.好氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)的生化性研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):3124ZHANG Yunxia, JI Min, LI Chao, et al. Biodegradability of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)produced by aerobic granules[J]. Environmental Science,2008,29(11):3124. DOI:10. 13227/j. hjkx. 2008. 11. 016
[25]夏志红.碳氮比对硝化污泥胞外聚合物及污泥特性的影响研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2014XIA Zhihong. Effect of COD/N ratio on the EPS and characteristics of nitrifying activated sludge[D]. Xi`an:Xi`an University of Architecture and Technology,2014
[26]李冬,吴青,梁瑜海,等.不同基质条件对亚硝化污泥胞外聚合物的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,47(4):81LI Dong,WU Qing,LIANG Yuhai,et al. Effect of substrate concentration and type on the content of extracellular polymeric substances in the nitrification sludge[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2015,47(4):81. DOI:10. 11918/j. issn. 0367-6234. 2015. 04. 014
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