土地利用视角下的城市空间多维扩展研究——以南京市为例（英文）
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摘要
The study of multi-dimensional expansion of urban space(MEUS) addresses the laws of urban spatial expansion from all directions and angles. Using Nanjing as an example,this paper constructs multi-temporal, urban three-dimensional models based on RS and GIS technology and then conducts qualitative and quantitative analysis of MEUS using plot ratio change maps and MEUS quantitative index for built-up areas. Based especially on the concept of volume growth contribution rate, this paper analyzes the characteristics of MEUS in different stages. The results show that in 2000–2004, planar expansion played the main role,the internal potential development(IPD) intensity of the urban built-up areas was relatively large, and the volume growth contribution rate was low; in 2004–2008, planar expansion accelerated, and IPD slowed down; in 2008–2012, planar expansion slowed while IPD intensity increased; the contribution rates of volume growth of urban IPD for the three periods were 22.21%, 24.51% and 73.38%, respectively. This study expands the research perspective of urban spatial expansion, and the adopted methods are instructive and meaningful for MEUS research. In addition, the results of this study will deepen the understanding of MEUS laws and help improve scientific decision-making for urban planning and urban land use management.
The study of multi-dimensional expansion of urban space(MEUS) addresses the laws of urban spatial expansion from all directions and angles. Using Nanjing as an example,this paper constructs multi-temporal, urban three-dimensional models based on RS and GIS technology and then conducts qualitative and quantitative analysis of MEUS using plot ratio change maps and MEUS quantitative index for built-up areas. Based especially on the concept of volume growth contribution rate, this paper analyzes the characteristics of MEUS in different stages. The results show that in 2000–2004, planar expansion played the main role,the internal potential development(IPD) intensity of the urban built-up areas was relatively large, and the volume growth contribution rate was low; in 2004–2008, planar expansion accelerated, and IPD slowed down; in 2008–2012, planar expansion slowed while IPD intensity increased; the contribution rates of volume growth of urban IPD for the three periods were 22.21%, 24.51% and 73.38%, respectively. This study expands the research perspective of urban spatial expansion, and the adopted methods are instructive and meaningful for MEUS research. In addition, the results of this study will deepen the understanding of MEUS laws and help improve scientific decision-making for urban planning and urban land use management.
The study of multi-dimensional expansion of urban space(MEUS) addresses the laws of urban spatial expansion from all directions and angles. Using Nanjing as an example,this paper constructs multi-temporal, urban three-dimensional models based on RS and GIS technology and then conducts qualitative and quantitative analysis of MEUS using plot ratio change maps and MEUS quantitative index for built-up areas. Based especially on the concept of volume growth contribution rate, this paper analyzes the characteristics of MEUS in different stages. The results show that in 2000–2004, planar expansion played the main role,the internal potential development(IPD) intensity of the urban built-up areas was relatively large, and the volume growth contribution rate was low; in 2004–2008, planar expansion accelerated, and IPD slowed down; in 2008–2012, planar expansion slowed while IPD intensity increased; the contribution rates of volume growth of urban IPD for the three periods were 22.21%, 24.51% and 73.38%, respectively. This study expands the research perspective of urban spatial expansion, and the adopted methods are instructive and meaningful for MEUS research. In addition, the results of this study will deepen the understanding of MEUS laws and help improve scientific decision-making for urban planning and urban land use management.
引文
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Chen J L,Gao J L,Yuan F,2016a.Growth type and functional trajectories:An empirical study of urban expansion in Nanjing,China.PLoS ONE,11(2):e0148389.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148389.
Chen J L,Gao J L,Yuan F et al.,2016b.Spatial determinants of urban land expansion in globalizing Nanjing,China.Sustainability,8(9):868.doi:10.3390/su8090868.
Cheng F,Thiel K H,1995.Delimiting the building heights in a city from the shadow in a panchromatic SPOT-image:Part 1.Test of forty-two buildings.Remote Sensing,16(3):409-415.doi:10.1080/01431169508954409.
Chi W F,Shi W J,Kuang W H,2015.Spatio-temporal characteristics of intra-urban land cover in the cities of China and USA from 1978 to 2010.Journal of Geographical Sciences,25(1):3-18.doi:10.1007/s11442-015-1149-z.
Gao X,Zhao D L,Zhang W,2008.On the methods of obtaining the building height information from high-resolution remote sensing images.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,(3):41-43.(in Chinese)
Gruen A,1998.TOBAGO:A semi-automated approach for the generation of 3D building models.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,53(2):108-118.doi:10.1016/S0924-2716(97)00034-8.
Han X P,Xu J G,Fu X M,2005.A study on estimating urban FAR based on high-resolution satellite images.Remote Sensing Information,(2):24-28.(in Chinese)
Kumar M,Tripathi D K,2014.Spatial monitoring of urban growth of Nagpur City(India)using geospatial techniques.Journal of Settlements&Spatial Planning,5(2):91-98.
Li F X,2007.Research on urban expansion information tupu of Nanjing[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University.(in Chinese)
Li J Y,Zhang L,Wu B F et al.,2007.Study on extracting building density and floor area ratio based on high resolution image.Remote Sensing Technology and Application,22(3):309-313.(in Chinese)
Liu F,Zhang Z X,Shi L F et al.,2016.Urban expansion in China and its spatial-temporal differences over the past four decades.Journal of Geographical Sciences,26(10):1477-1496.doi:10.1007/s11442-016-1339-3.
Liu L F,Wang R J,Dong W P et al.,2009.A fast method extracting building height using high resolution satellite image.Remote Sensing Technology and Application,24(5):631-634.(in Chinese)
Liu M H,Chen Y G,2001.Experimental methods of geographical researches:From modeling material objects to computer simulation.Journal of Xinyang Teachers College(Natural Science Edition),24(1):209-213.(in Chinese)
Liu Y S,Fang F,Li Y H,2014.Key issues of land use in China and implications for policy making.Land Use Policy,40(4):6-12.
Liu Y S,Li Y H,2017.Revitalize the world’s countryside.Nature,548(7667):275-277.
Maimaiti B,Ding J L,Simayi Z,2017.Characterizing urban expansion of Korla City and its spatial-temporal patterns using remote sensing and GIS methods.Journal of Arid Land,9(3):458-470.
McIntosh K,Krupnik A,2002.Integration of laser-derived DSMs and matched image edges for generating an accurate surface model.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,56(3):167-176.
Qiao W F,2013.Study on urban spatial multidimensional expansion of Nanjing based on land use perspective[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University.(in Chinese)
Qiao W F,Liu Y S,Xiang L Z et al.,2015a.Research on extracting building height rapidly based on high-resolution remote sensing images without parameters.Journal of Geo-information Science,17(8):995-1000.(in Chinese)
Qiao W F,Wang Y H,Xiang L Z,2015b.Hierarchical extraction of land use information based on knowledge and rule.Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,24(7):1079-1085.(in Chinese)
Quan B,Bai Y J,R?mkens M J M et al.,2015.Urban land expansion in Quanzhou city,China,1995-2010.Habitat International,48:131-139.doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.03.021.
Seresht M S,Azizi A,2000.Automatic building recognition from digital aerial images.International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,33(B3/2;PART 3):792-798.
Shi L Y,Shao G F,Cui S H et al.,2009.Urban three-dimensional expansion and its driving forces:A case study of Shanghai,China.Chinese Geographical Science,19(4):291-298.doi:10.1007/s11769-009-0291-x.
Song X D,Liu P,Zhou Y X,2006.Urban and rural area division:Taking Shanghai as an example.Acta Geographica Sinica,61(8):787-797.(in Chinese)
Sun M,Ma A N,Chen J,2002.Review on three-dimensional city model research.Journal of Remote Sensing,6(2):155-160.(in Chinese)
Tan Q L,2010.Urban building extraction from VHR multi-spectral images using object-based classification.Acta Cartographica Sinica,39(6):618-623.(in Chinese)
Triantakonstantis D,Stathakis D,2015.Examining urban sprawl in Europe using spatial metrics.Geocarto International,30(10):1092-1112.doi:10.1080/10106049.2015.1027289.
United Nations(UN),2008.World Urbanization Prospects:The 2007 Revision.New York:United Nations,3-4.
Wang L,Li C C,Ying Q et al.,2012.China’s urban expansion from 1990 to 2010 determined with satellite remote sensing.Chinese Science Bulletin,57(22):2802-2812.doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5235-7.(in Chinese)
Wang J,Liu J,2011.Dynamic of urban expansion in Lianyungang city based on the multi-time-phase remote sensing images:A case study of Xinpu District.Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,1:81-83.(in Chinese)
Wang Q,Zhang Z X,Yi L et al.,2007.Research on urban expansion in Nanjing,China using RS and GIS.Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,16(5):554-559.(in Chinese)
Wang X S,Liu J Y,Zhuang D F et al.,2005.Spatial-temporal changes of urban spatial morphology in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,60(3):392-400.(in Chinese)
Weidner U,F?rstner W,1995.Towards automatic building extraction from high-resolution digital elevation models.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,50(4):38-49.
Wen Q K,Zhang Z X,Shi L F et al.,2016.Extraction of basic trends of urban expansion in China over past 40years from satellite images.Chinese Geographical Science,26(2):129-142.doi:10.1007/s11769-016-0796-z.
Xu X L,Min X B,2013.Quantifying spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in China using remote sensing data.Cities,35:104-113.doi:10.1016/j.cities.2013.05.002.
Yang Y Y,Liu Y S,Li Y R et al.,2018.Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during1985-2013 with rural-urban development transformation.Land Use Policy,74(5):220-230.
Yin F,Feng M,Zhong F et al.,2010.Research of urban expansion in Siping city based on remote sensing and GIS.Journal of Geo-Information Science,12(2):242-247.(in Chinese)
Zha Y,2011.A study on remote sensing methods in estimating urban build-up volume ratio based on aerial photographs.Progress in Geography,20(4):378-383.(in Chinese)
Zhao S Q,Zhou D C,Zhu C et al.,2015.Spatial and temporal dimensions of urban expansion in China.Environmental Science&Technology,49(16):9600-9609.doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00065.
Zhao X F,Huang X J,Chen Y et al.,2010.Research progress in urban land intensive use.Journal of Natural Resources,25(1):1979-1996.(in Chinese)
Zhang Z X,Li N,Wang X A et al.,2016.Comparative study of urban expansion in Beijing,Tianjin and Tangshan from the 1970s to 2013.Remote Sensing,8(6):496.doi:10.3390/rs8060496.
Chen J L,Gao J L,Yuan F,2016a.Growth type and functional trajectories:An empirical study of urban expansion in Nanjing,China.PLoS ONE,11(2):e0148389.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148389.
Chen J L,Gao J L,Yuan F et al.,2016b.Spatial determinants of urban land expansion in globalizing Nanjing,China.Sustainability,8(9):868.doi:10.3390/su8090868.
Cheng F,Thiel K H,1995.Delimiting the building heights in a city from the shadow in a panchromatic SPOT-image:Part 1.Test of forty-two buildings.Remote Sensing,16(3):409-415.doi:10.1080/01431169508954409.
Chi W F,Shi W J,Kuang W H,2015.Spatio-temporal characteristics of intra-urban land cover in the cities of China and USA from 1978 to 2010.Journal of Geographical Sciences,25(1):3-18.doi:10.1007/s11442-015-1149-z.
Gao X,Zhao D L,Zhang W,2008.On the methods of obtaining the building height information from high-resolution remote sensing images.Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,(3):41-43.(in Chinese)
Gruen A,1998.TOBAGO:A semi-automated approach for the generation of 3D building models.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,53(2):108-118.doi:10.1016/S0924-2716(97)00034-8.
Han X P,Xu J G,Fu X M,2005.A study on estimating urban FAR based on high-resolution satellite images.Remote Sensing Information,(2):24-28.(in Chinese)
Kumar M,Tripathi D K,2014.Spatial monitoring of urban growth of Nagpur City(India)using geospatial techniques.Journal of Settlements&Spatial Planning,5(2):91-98.
Li F X,2007.Research on urban expansion information tupu of Nanjing[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University.(in Chinese)
Li J Y,Zhang L,Wu B F et al.,2007.Study on extracting building density and floor area ratio based on high resolution image.Remote Sensing Technology and Application,22(3):309-313.(in Chinese)
Liu F,Zhang Z X,Shi L F et al.,2016.Urban expansion in China and its spatial-temporal differences over the past four decades.Journal of Geographical Sciences,26(10):1477-1496.doi:10.1007/s11442-016-1339-3.
Liu L F,Wang R J,Dong W P et al.,2009.A fast method extracting building height using high resolution satellite image.Remote Sensing Technology and Application,24(5):631-634.(in Chinese)
Liu M H,Chen Y G,2001.Experimental methods of geographical researches:From modeling material objects to computer simulation.Journal of Xinyang Teachers College(Natural Science Edition),24(1):209-213.(in Chinese)
Liu Y S,Fang F,Li Y H,2014.Key issues of land use in China and implications for policy making.Land Use Policy,40(4):6-12.
Liu Y S,Li Y H,2017.Revitalize the world’s countryside.Nature,548(7667):275-277.
Maimaiti B,Ding J L,Simayi Z,2017.Characterizing urban expansion of Korla City and its spatial-temporal patterns using remote sensing and GIS methods.Journal of Arid Land,9(3):458-470.
McIntosh K,Krupnik A,2002.Integration of laser-derived DSMs and matched image edges for generating an accurate surface model.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,56(3):167-176.
Qiao W F,2013.Study on urban spatial multidimensional expansion of Nanjing based on land use perspective[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University.(in Chinese)
Qiao W F,Liu Y S,Xiang L Z et al.,2015a.Research on extracting building height rapidly based on high-resolution remote sensing images without parameters.Journal of Geo-information Science,17(8):995-1000.(in Chinese)
Qiao W F,Wang Y H,Xiang L Z,2015b.Hierarchical extraction of land use information based on knowledge and rule.Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,24(7):1079-1085.(in Chinese)
Quan B,Bai Y J,R?mkens M J M et al.,2015.Urban land expansion in Quanzhou city,China,1995-2010.Habitat International,48:131-139.doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.03.021.
Seresht M S,Azizi A,2000.Automatic building recognition from digital aerial images.International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,33(B3/2;PART 3):792-798.
Shi L Y,Shao G F,Cui S H et al.,2009.Urban three-dimensional expansion and its driving forces:A case study of Shanghai,China.Chinese Geographical Science,19(4):291-298.doi:10.1007/s11769-009-0291-x.
Song X D,Liu P,Zhou Y X,2006.Urban and rural area division:Taking Shanghai as an example.Acta Geographica Sinica,61(8):787-797.(in Chinese)
Sun M,Ma A N,Chen J,2002.Review on three-dimensional city model research.Journal of Remote Sensing,6(2):155-160.(in Chinese)
Tan Q L,2010.Urban building extraction from VHR multi-spectral images using object-based classification.Acta Cartographica Sinica,39(6):618-623.(in Chinese)
Triantakonstantis D,Stathakis D,2015.Examining urban sprawl in Europe using spatial metrics.Geocarto International,30(10):1092-1112.doi:10.1080/10106049.2015.1027289.
United Nations(UN),2008.World Urbanization Prospects:The 2007 Revision.New York:United Nations,3-4.
Wang L,Li C C,Ying Q et al.,2012.China’s urban expansion from 1990 to 2010 determined with satellite remote sensing.Chinese Science Bulletin,57(22):2802-2812.doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5235-7.(in Chinese)
Wang J,Liu J,2011.Dynamic of urban expansion in Lianyungang city based on the multi-time-phase remote sensing images:A case study of Xinpu District.Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,1:81-83.(in Chinese)
Wang Q,Zhang Z X,Yi L et al.,2007.Research on urban expansion in Nanjing,China using RS and GIS.Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,16(5):554-559.(in Chinese)
Wang X S,Liu J Y,Zhuang D F et al.,2005.Spatial-temporal changes of urban spatial morphology in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,60(3):392-400.(in Chinese)
Weidner U,F?rstner W,1995.Towards automatic building extraction from high-resolution digital elevation models.ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing,50(4):38-49.
Wen Q K,Zhang Z X,Shi L F et al.,2016.Extraction of basic trends of urban expansion in China over past 40years from satellite images.Chinese Geographical Science,26(2):129-142.doi:10.1007/s11769-016-0796-z.
Xu X L,Min X B,2013.Quantifying spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in China using remote sensing data.Cities,35:104-113.doi:10.1016/j.cities.2013.05.002.
Yang Y Y,Liu Y S,Li Y R et al.,2018.Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during1985-2013 with rural-urban development transformation.Land Use Policy,74(5):220-230.
Yin F,Feng M,Zhong F et al.,2010.Research of urban expansion in Siping city based on remote sensing and GIS.Journal of Geo-Information Science,12(2):242-247.(in Chinese)
Zha Y,2011.A study on remote sensing methods in estimating urban build-up volume ratio based on aerial photographs.Progress in Geography,20(4):378-383.(in Chinese)
Zhao S Q,Zhou D C,Zhu C et al.,2015.Spatial and temporal dimensions of urban expansion in China.Environmental Science&Technology,49(16):9600-9609.doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00065.
Zhao X F,Huang X J,Chen Y et al.,2010.Research progress in urban land intensive use.Journal of Natural Resources,25(1):1979-1996.(in Chinese)
Zhang Z X,Li N,Wang X A et al.,2016.Comparative study of urban expansion in Beijing,Tianjin and Tangshan from the 1970s to 2013.Remote Sensing,8(6):496.doi:10.3390/rs8060496.