基于临机加热系统的锅炉变温冲洗方式
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摘要
通过临机加热系统进行变温冲洗可以改变电厂锅炉原有的启动冲洗模式。本文以某超超临界660 MW机组实际应用为例,详细分析了通过临机加热系统实现锅炉变温冲洗的运行方式和技术要点;给出了冲洗水温升速率、冲洗水最高温度限制以及锅炉水动力安全性控制的要点;提出了通过取消疏水系统简化临机加热系统的方法。本文示例机组的实际应用情况分析表明,以临机加热系统进行变温冲洗,消除了冷态冲洗与热态冲洗间明显的温度界限,实现了锅炉的柔性启动,对于减小锅炉启动热应力、改善锅炉点火特性均有一定的好处。
Variable temperature flushing process becomes possible by adjacent heating system, and the flushing mode of utility boilers can be changed. Taking the practical application of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical unit as an example, this paper analyzes the operation mode and technical essentials of variable temperature flushing by adjacent heating system. The temperature rise rate of flushing water, the maximum temperature limit of flushing water and the key points of boiler hydrodynamic safety are given. A method of simplifying the heating system by means of canceling the drainage system is also presented. Through analysis of the practical application of the example unit, the temperature boundary between cold flushing and hot flushing is eliminated by variable temperature flushing with the adjacent heating system. The flexible start-up of the boiler is realized, which is beneficial to reducing the thermal stress of the boiler start-up and improving the ignition characteristics of the boiler.
Variable temperature flushing process becomes possible by adjacent heating system, and the flushing mode of utility boilers can be changed. Taking the practical application of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical unit as an example, this paper analyzes the operation mode and technical essentials of variable temperature flushing by adjacent heating system. The temperature rise rate of flushing water, the maximum temperature limit of flushing water and the key points of boiler hydrodynamic safety are given. A method of simplifying the heating system by means of canceling the drainage system is also presented. Through analysis of the practical application of the example unit, the temperature boundary between cold flushing and hot flushing is eliminated by variable temperature flushing with the adjacent heating system. The flexible start-up of the boiler is realized, which is beneficial to reducing the thermal stress of the boiler start-up and improving the ignition characteristics of the boiler.
引文
[1]张建中,陈戌生.外高桥第三发电厂2×1 000 MW超超临界机组工程建设中的重大技术创新和项目优化[J].电力建设,2008,29(8):69-73.ZHANG Jianzhong,CHEN Xusheng.Important technical innovation and project optimization in Waigaoqiao2×1 000 MW USC unit construction[J].Electric Power Construction,2008,29(8):69-73.
[2]李辉,张琳.300 MW锅炉临炉加热系统改造分析[J].河北电力技术,2012,31(增刊1):44-45.LI Hui,ZHANG Lin.Modification analysis of 300 MWboilers and pro furnace heating system[J].Hebei Electric Power,2012,31(Suppl.1):44-45.
[3]马昕霞,袁益超,刘聿拯,等.超临界机组启动系统的研究[J].锅炉技术,2008,39(5):1-4.MA Xinxia,YUAN Yichao,LIU Yuzheng,et al.Study on start-up systems for supercritical units[J].Boiler Technology,2008,39(5):1-4.
[4]孙浩,杨文贵,周福贵,等.超临界直流锅炉启动系统介绍[J].锅炉制造,2006(1):15-17.SUN Hao,YANG Wengui,ZHOU Fugui,et al.Introduction of super critical once-through boiler start-up system[J].Boiler Manufacturing,2006(1):15-17.
[5]崔立波,杨冬.超超临界锅炉启动系统设计特点及分析[J].锅炉制造,2009(4):6-9.CUI Libo,YANG Dong.Character and analysis on the start-up system design of ultra-supercritical boiler[J].Boiler Manufacturing,2009(4):6-9.
[6]袁镇福,周洁,宁安坤,等.电站锅炉启动曲线最优化及实时启动指导[J].动力工程,1997,17(4):40-45.YUAN Zhenfu,ZHOU Jie,NING Ankun,et al.The optimization of start-up curves and real-time start-up guide for power station boilers[J].Power Engineering,1997,17(4):40-45.
[7]刘洪宪,金一.锅炉启动瞬态应力场有限元计算[J].东北电力大学学报,2010,30(6):5-9.LIU Hongxian,JIN Yi.Finite element analysis on transient stress field of the start of boiler[J].Journal of Northeast Dianli University,2010,30(6):5-9.
[8]刘欣,李明,孙树翁,等.氧化皮生成与等离子体煤粉点火锅炉启动的关系[J].中国电力,2014,47(8):98-102.LIU Xin,LI Ming,SUN Shuweng,et al.Correlation between oxide skin formation and plasma ignition boiler startup[J].Electric Power,2014,47(8):98-102.
[9]段永成.国产600 MW超临界机组直流锅炉启动系统[J].热能动力工程,2005,20(1):99-100.DUAN Yongcheng.Start-up system of a Chinese-made600 MW supercritical once-through boiler[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2005,20(1):99-100.
[10]杨冬,陈听宽,候书海,等.超临界直流锅炉启动系统的设计与运行[J].热力发电,1999,28(1):14-17.YANG Dong,CHEN Tingkuan,HOU Shuhai,et al.Design and operation of supercritical pressure once-through boiler start-up system[J].Thermal Power Generation,1999,28(1):14-17.
[11]朱云水,沈利.超(超)临界锅炉启动系统性能及经济性量化分析[J].热力发电,2013,42(8):17-21.ZHU Yunshui,SHEN Li.Performance and economical quantitative analysis on start-up system in supercritical and ultra-supercritical boilers[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(8):17-21.
[12]黄寅,吴泽华.超超临界1 000 MW机组锅炉上水冲洗方式优化[J].热力发电,2011,40(10):35-37.HUANG Yin,WU Zehua.Optimization of water supplying and flushing mode for boiler of ultra-supercritical1 000 MW unit[J].Thermal Power Generation,2011,40(10):35-37.
[13]崔鹏.350 MW超临界直流锅炉冲洗方式优化[J].内蒙古电力技术,2016,34(4):86-88.CUI Peng.Optimization of flushing method on 350 MWsupercritical once-through boiler[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2016,34(4):86-88.
[2]李辉,张琳.300 MW锅炉临炉加热系统改造分析[J].河北电力技术,2012,31(增刊1):44-45.LI Hui,ZHANG Lin.Modification analysis of 300 MWboilers and pro furnace heating system[J].Hebei Electric Power,2012,31(Suppl.1):44-45.
[3]马昕霞,袁益超,刘聿拯,等.超临界机组启动系统的研究[J].锅炉技术,2008,39(5):1-4.MA Xinxia,YUAN Yichao,LIU Yuzheng,et al.Study on start-up systems for supercritical units[J].Boiler Technology,2008,39(5):1-4.
[4]孙浩,杨文贵,周福贵,等.超临界直流锅炉启动系统介绍[J].锅炉制造,2006(1):15-17.SUN Hao,YANG Wengui,ZHOU Fugui,et al.Introduction of super critical once-through boiler start-up system[J].Boiler Manufacturing,2006(1):15-17.
[5]崔立波,杨冬.超超临界锅炉启动系统设计特点及分析[J].锅炉制造,2009(4):6-9.CUI Libo,YANG Dong.Character and analysis on the start-up system design of ultra-supercritical boiler[J].Boiler Manufacturing,2009(4):6-9.
[6]袁镇福,周洁,宁安坤,等.电站锅炉启动曲线最优化及实时启动指导[J].动力工程,1997,17(4):40-45.YUAN Zhenfu,ZHOU Jie,NING Ankun,et al.The optimization of start-up curves and real-time start-up guide for power station boilers[J].Power Engineering,1997,17(4):40-45.
[7]刘洪宪,金一.锅炉启动瞬态应力场有限元计算[J].东北电力大学学报,2010,30(6):5-9.LIU Hongxian,JIN Yi.Finite element analysis on transient stress field of the start of boiler[J].Journal of Northeast Dianli University,2010,30(6):5-9.
[8]刘欣,李明,孙树翁,等.氧化皮生成与等离子体煤粉点火锅炉启动的关系[J].中国电力,2014,47(8):98-102.LIU Xin,LI Ming,SUN Shuweng,et al.Correlation between oxide skin formation and plasma ignition boiler startup[J].Electric Power,2014,47(8):98-102.
[9]段永成.国产600 MW超临界机组直流锅炉启动系统[J].热能动力工程,2005,20(1):99-100.DUAN Yongcheng.Start-up system of a Chinese-made600 MW supercritical once-through boiler[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2005,20(1):99-100.
[10]杨冬,陈听宽,候书海,等.超临界直流锅炉启动系统的设计与运行[J].热力发电,1999,28(1):14-17.YANG Dong,CHEN Tingkuan,HOU Shuhai,et al.Design and operation of supercritical pressure once-through boiler start-up system[J].Thermal Power Generation,1999,28(1):14-17.
[11]朱云水,沈利.超(超)临界锅炉启动系统性能及经济性量化分析[J].热力发电,2013,42(8):17-21.ZHU Yunshui,SHEN Li.Performance and economical quantitative analysis on start-up system in supercritical and ultra-supercritical boilers[J].Thermal Power Generation,2013,42(8):17-21.
[12]黄寅,吴泽华.超超临界1 000 MW机组锅炉上水冲洗方式优化[J].热力发电,2011,40(10):35-37.HUANG Yin,WU Zehua.Optimization of water supplying and flushing mode for boiler of ultra-supercritical1 000 MW unit[J].Thermal Power Generation,2011,40(10):35-37.
[13]崔鹏.350 MW超临界直流锅炉冲洗方式优化[J].内蒙古电力技术,2016,34(4):86-88.CUI Peng.Optimization of flushing method on 350 MWsupercritical once-through boiler[J].Inner Mongolia Electric Power,2016,34(4):86-88.