采空区充填体强度分布规律试验研究
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摘要
针对2种不同充填下料口位置,通过相似模型浆体充填试验,分析采空区充填浆体流动沉积规律及充填浆体颗粒质量分数分布规律,研究采空区充填体强度空间分布。根据采空区充填体强度分布特征,提出采空区充填体强度评价方法。研究结果表明:充填体强度受浆体颗粒质量分数影响,粗颗粒质量分数越大,其单轴抗压强度越大;充填浆体在流动沉积过程中,颗粒分布不均匀导致其充填体强度分布不均匀;在流动方向上,充填体强度分布基本符合正太分布规律,离充填口距离越大,粗颗粒质量分数越小,细颗粒质量分数越大,其充填体强度越小;在沉积方向上,充填体强度呈线性变化规律,随高度增加,粗颗粒质量分数降低,细颗粒质量分数增加,其强度线性降低;在采空区充填区域同时存在强度增强和损失区域,但只要该区域充填体强度大于规定的有效强度,即认为充填达到标准要求。
Aiming at the two different discharge outlets, the flow deposition law and the particle distribution of the slurry were analyzed, and the spatial distribution of the backfill strength was studied by the slurry filling similar model test. With the consideration of the characteristics of strength distribution in goaf, the strength evaluation method of backfill was put forward. The results show that the strength of backfill is affected by the content of the slurry particles. The larger the coarse particle content is, the larger the uniaxial compressive strength is, and the uneven distribution of the strength is caused by the uneven distribution of the particles. In flow direction, the distribution of the strength of backfill is basically consistent with normal distribution curve. The greater the distance from the discharge outlet is, the smaller the coarse particle content becomes, the larger the fine particle content becomes, and the smaller the strength of backfill increases. In deposition direction, the strength decreases linearly with the increase of the height. When the height increases, the coarse particle content become smaller and the fine particle content increases, and the strength decreases linearly. There is strength enhancement and loss area in the backfill area of goaf. As long as the strength of the backfill is larger than the specified effective strength, filling is thought to meet the standard requirements.
Aiming at the two different discharge outlets, the flow deposition law and the particle distribution of the slurry were analyzed, and the spatial distribution of the backfill strength was studied by the slurry filling similar model test. With the consideration of the characteristics of strength distribution in goaf, the strength evaluation method of backfill was put forward. The results show that the strength of backfill is affected by the content of the slurry particles. The larger the coarse particle content is, the larger the uniaxial compressive strength is, and the uneven distribution of the strength is caused by the uneven distribution of the particles. In flow direction, the distribution of the strength of backfill is basically consistent with normal distribution curve. The greater the distance from the discharge outlet is, the smaller the coarse particle content becomes, the larger the fine particle content becomes, and the smaller the strength of backfill increases. In deposition direction, the strength decreases linearly with the increase of the height. When the height increases, the coarse particle content become smaller and the fine particle content increases, and the strength decreases linearly. There is strength enhancement and loss area in the backfill area of goaf. As long as the strength of the backfill is larger than the specified effective strength, filling is thought to meet the standard requirements.
引文
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[14]刘志祥,李夕兵.尾砂分形级配与胶结强度的知识库研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(10):1789-1793.LIU Zhixiang,LI Xibing.Study of fractal gradation of tailings and knowledge bank of its cementing strength[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(10):1789-1793.
[15]葛海源,陈超,李洪宝,等.超细全尾砂充填体强度增长规律试验研究[J].现代矿业,2014,30(7):10-13.GE Haiyuan,CHEN Chao,LI Hongbao,et al.Experiment on the law of strength increasing of ultrafine tailings filling body[J].Modern Mining,2014,30(7):10-13.
[16]付建新,杜翠凤,宋卫东.全尾砂胶结充填体的强度敏感性及破坏机制[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(9):1149-1157.FU Jianxin,DU Cuifeng,SONG Weidong.Strength sensitivity and failure mechanism of full tailings cemented backfills[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(9):1149-1157.
[17]杜坤,李地元,金解放.充填体与岩体能量和强度匹配的分析及应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(12):82-87.DU Kun,LI Diyuan,JIN Jiefang.Matching analysis of energy and strength between backfill and rock mass and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(12):82-87.
[18]刘志祥,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.充填体与岩体三维能量耗损规律及合理匹配[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):344-348.LIU Zhixiang,LI Xibing,ZHAO Guoyan,et al.Three dimensional energy dissipation laws and reasonable matches between backfill and rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(2):344-348.
[19]卢宏建,梁鹏,甘德清,等.充填料浆流动沉降规律与充填体力学特性研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(增刊1):263-270.LU Hongjian,LIANG Peng,GAN Deqing,et al.Research on flow sedimentation law of filling slurry and mechanical characteristics of backfill body[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(Suppl 1):263-270.
[20]杨俊杰.相似理论与结构模型试验[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2005:15-20.YANG Junjie.Similarity theory and structure model test[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press,2005:15-20.
[2]李国政,于润沧.充填料浆临界流态质量分数的研究[C]//全国采矿技术与装备进展年评报告会论文集.厦门,2010:96-98.LI Guozheng,YU Runcang.Critical flow concentration of filling slurry[C]//The Mining Technology and Equipment Development in the Assessment Report.Xiamen,China,2010:96-98.
[3]吴爱祥,刘晓辉,王洪江,等.结构流充填料浆管道输送阻力特性[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(12):4325-4330.WU Aixiang,LIU Xiaohui,WANG Hongjiang,et al.Resistance characteristics of structure fluid backfilling slurry in pipeline transport[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(12):4325-4330.
[4]杨鹏,吴爱祥,王洪江,等.泵送剂对膏体料浆流动性能作用的微结构模型[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2015,67(1):59-64.YANG Peng,WU Aixiang,WANG Hongjiang,et al.Microstructure model of paste slurry rheological properties with pumping admixture[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mine Section),2015,67(1):59-64.
[5]王新民,李天正,陈秋松,等.基于变权重理论和TOPSIS的充填方式优选[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(1):198-203.WANG Xinmin,LI Tianzheng,CHEN Qiusong,et al.Filling way optimization based on variable weight theory and TOPSIS[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(1):198-203.
[6]张钦礼,李谢平,杨伟.基于BP网络的某矿山充填料浆配比优化[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(7):2867-2874.ZHANG Qinli,LI Xieping,YANG Wei.Optimization of filling slurry ratio in a mine based on back-propagation neural network[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(7):2867-2874.
[7]张友志,薛振林,刘志义,等.全尾砂-人工砂结构流体胶结充填配比优化[J].金属矿山,2016,45(8):19-23.ZHANG Youzhi,XUE Zhenlin,LIU Zhiyi,et al.Mixture optimization of cemented backfill with unclassified tailings-artificial sand structure fluid[J].Metal Mine,2016,45(8):19-23.
[8]邓代强,朱永建,李健,等.基于BP神经网络的充填料浆流变参数预测分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2012,34(7):1-5.DENG Daiqiang,ZHU Yongjian,LI Jian,et al.Rheology parameter forecast analysis of filling slurry based on BP neural network[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2012,34(7):1-5.
[9]MURATA J.Flow and deformation of fresh concrete[J].Matériaux et Construction,1984,17(98):117-129.
[10]FERRARIS C F,LARRARD F D.Modified slump test to measure rheological parameters of fresh concrete[J].Cement Concrete&Aggregates,1998,20(2):241-247.
[11]邓代强,姚中亮,朱永建,等.胶结充填体强度预测及水泥消耗量反演计算[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):39-44.DENG Daiqiang,YAO Zhongliang,ZHU Yongjian,et al.Forecasting cemented backfill strength and back calculation of cement dosage[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2013,42(1):39-44.
[12]吴姗,宋卫东,张兴才,等.全尾砂胶结充填体弹塑性本构模型实验研究[J].金属矿山,2014,43(2):30-35.WU Shan,SONG Weidong,ZHANG Xingcai,et al.Elastoplastic constitutive model experiment of full tailings cemented filling body[J].Metal Mine,2014,43(2):30-35.
[13]曹帅,宋卫东,薛改利,等.考虑分层特性的尾砂胶结充填体强度折减试验研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(10):2869-2876.CAO Shuai,SONG Weidong,XUE Gaili,et al.Tests of strength reduction of cemented tailings filling considering layering character[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(10):2869-2876.
[14]刘志祥,李夕兵.尾砂分形级配与胶结强度的知识库研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(10):1789-1793.LIU Zhixiang,LI Xibing.Study of fractal gradation of tailings and knowledge bank of its cementing strength[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(10):1789-1793.
[15]葛海源,陈超,李洪宝,等.超细全尾砂充填体强度增长规律试验研究[J].现代矿业,2014,30(7):10-13.GE Haiyuan,CHEN Chao,LI Hongbao,et al.Experiment on the law of strength increasing of ultrafine tailings filling body[J].Modern Mining,2014,30(7):10-13.
[16]付建新,杜翠凤,宋卫东.全尾砂胶结充填体的强度敏感性及破坏机制[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(9):1149-1157.FU Jianxin,DU Cuifeng,SONG Weidong.Strength sensitivity and failure mechanism of full tailings cemented backfills[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(9):1149-1157.
[17]杜坤,李地元,金解放.充填体与岩体能量和强度匹配的分析及应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(12):82-87.DU Kun,LI Diyuan,JIN Jiefang.Matching analysis of energy and strength between backfill and rock mass and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(12):82-87.
[18]刘志祥,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.充填体与岩体三维能量耗损规律及合理匹配[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):344-348.LIU Zhixiang,LI Xibing,ZHAO Guoyan,et al.Three dimensional energy dissipation laws and reasonable matches between backfill and rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(2):344-348.
[19]卢宏建,梁鹏,甘德清,等.充填料浆流动沉降规律与充填体力学特性研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(增刊1):263-270.LU Hongjian,LIANG Peng,GAN Deqing,et al.Research on flow sedimentation law of filling slurry and mechanical characteristics of backfill body[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(Suppl 1):263-270.
[20]杨俊杰.相似理论与结构模型试验[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2005:15-20.YANG Junjie.Similarity theory and structure model test[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press,2005:15-20.