高含铁红壤土重金属铜对水稻生长的影响
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摘要
为了阐明高含铁红壤土背景下重金属Cu对水稻生长与生理特性的影响,结合盆栽模拟方法,采取正交试验组合,分析不同浓度高含铁红壤耕作土中重金属Cu胁迫下水稻分蘖期生长、生理特性的影响。数据表明:无外源铜背景下高含铁红壤耕作土(外源铁Fe≤400 mg/kg)有利于水稻的生长与发育,无外源铁背景下低浓度Cu(≤100 mg/kg)以及低浓度Cu(≤100 mg/kg)、Fe(≤200 mg/kg)组合均对作物的生长起到促进的作用,可以促进水稻株高、分蘖数、叶面积和叶绿素含量的增加,诱导水稻叶片SOD、POD与CAT活性。然而,当外源Fe浓度超过800mg/kg或者Cu浓度超过200 mg/kg时,尽管抗氧化酶SOD、POD与CAT活性受到极显著诱导,但水稻的生长开始明显受到影响;与自然背景下对照组相比较,水稻生长与生理特性出现显著差异,在最大受试浓度组水稻叶片已经开始枯萎。结果表明,低浓度Fe与Cu可以促进作物的生长,高浓度Fe与Cu则抑制作物的发育;高含铁土壤中,Fe元素与Cu元素对水稻的生长或抑制会产生协同作用。IBR综合分析表明,相较与外源铁胁迫,外源铜胁迫对水稻生物标志物综合效应影响更大。
In order to clarify the effect of Cu on the growth and physiological characteristics of paddy planting in red soil containing high iron,a pot simulation equipment was performed adopting orthogonal experiment combination. The results show that the red soil with high content of iron( Extraneous Fe ≦ 400 mg/kg) and without Cu was beneficial to the growth and development of rice plants. Similarly,low concentration Cu( below 100 mg/kg) without Fe and the combination of low concentration of Cu( below 100 mg/kg) and Fe( below 200 mg/kg) both promote the growth of crops,which could promote plant height and tiller number,increase leaf area and chlorophyll content of rice leaves and induced activities of SOD,POD and CAT. However,the growth of paddy would be negatively effected when the extraneou Fe concentration was more than800 mg/kg or Cu concentration was more than 200 mg/kg,while the antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD and CAT were still significantly induced. Compared with control group,there were significant differences in growth and physiological characteristics of rice plants,and the rice leaves have begun to wither in these tested groups. The results show that low concentration of Fe or Cu could promote the growth of crops,high concentration of Fe or Cu could inhibit the growth of paddy. In the soil containing high concentration of Fe,Cu elements could affect the growth of rice plants by the synergistic effect. IBR comprehensive analysis shows that compared with exogenous iron stress,the effect of exogenous copper stress on the comprehensive effect of rice biomarkers was greater.
In order to clarify the effect of Cu on the growth and physiological characteristics of paddy planting in red soil containing high iron,a pot simulation equipment was performed adopting orthogonal experiment combination. The results show that the red soil with high content of iron( Extraneous Fe ≦ 400 mg/kg) and without Cu was beneficial to the growth and development of rice plants. Similarly,low concentration Cu( below 100 mg/kg) without Fe and the combination of low concentration of Cu( below 100 mg/kg) and Fe( below 200 mg/kg) both promote the growth of crops,which could promote plant height and tiller number,increase leaf area and chlorophyll content of rice leaves and induced activities of SOD,POD and CAT. However,the growth of paddy would be negatively effected when the extraneou Fe concentration was more than800 mg/kg or Cu concentration was more than 200 mg/kg,while the antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD and CAT were still significantly induced. Compared with control group,there were significant differences in growth and physiological characteristics of rice plants,and the rice leaves have begun to wither in these tested groups. The results show that low concentration of Fe or Cu could promote the growth of crops,high concentration of Fe or Cu could inhibit the growth of paddy. In the soil containing high concentration of Fe,Cu elements could affect the growth of rice plants by the synergistic effect. IBR comprehensive analysis shows that compared with exogenous iron stress,the effect of exogenous copper stress on the comprehensive effect of rice biomarkers was greater.
引文
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[16]陈娜,廖敏,张楠,等.Fe2+对水稻生长及土壤微生物活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014(3):651-660.
[17]赵江宁,王云霞,沈春晓,等.土壤铜污染对水稻产量形成的影响:5年定位试验[J].农业环境科学学报,2012(11):2073-2081.
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[22]Xu.Effects of Soil Copper Concentration on Growth,Development and Yield Formation of Rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Rice Science,2005,12(2):125-132.
[23]赵秀峰,张强,程滨,等.硒对砷胁迫下小白菜生理特性及砷吸收的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3583-3589.
[24]Han Y L.Effect of Pb-Cu combined stress on growth and physiological indexes of Iris lactea var.chinensis seedling.[J].Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,2010,19(4):24-30.
[25]孙健,铁柏清,钱湛,等.Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn、As复合污染对灯心草的生理毒性效应[J].土壤,2007,39(2):279-285.
[26]铁柏清,袁敏,唐美珍,等.重金属单一污染对龙须草生长与生理生化特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):99-103.
[27]严重玲,洪业汤.Cd,Pb胁迫对烟草叶片中活性氧清除系统的影响[J].生态学报,1997,17(5):488-492
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[29]胡国涛,杨兴,陈小米,等.速生树种竹柳对重金属胁迫的生理响应[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3870-3875.
[30]杨双春,张洪林.镉胁迫对玉米生理特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2006,14(1):57-59.
[31]朱健,王平,夹书珊,等.旱柳(Salix matsudana Koidz)对Pb的耐性、富集、转运与胁迫响应研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3876-3886.
[32]Davey M W,Stals E,Panis B,et al.High-throughput determination of malondialdehyde in plant tissues[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2005,347(2):201-207.
[33]冯德建.铅、镉及其复合污染对茶树生理生化及吸收积累特性的研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2010.
[34]Beliaeff B,Burgeot T.Integrated biomarker response:a useful tool for ecological risk assessment[J].Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry,2010,21(6):1316-1322.
[35]Ji Y,Zhang J,Li X,et al.Biomarker responses of rice plants growing in a potentially toxic element polluted region:A case study in the Le’An Region[J].Chemosphere,2017,187:97.
[2]Vigani G.Discovering the role of mitochondria in the iron deficiency-induced metabolic responses of plants[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2012,169(1):1-11.
[3]Becker M,Asch F.Iron toxicity in rice-conditions and management concepts[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science=Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenernaehrung und Bodenkunde,2010,168(4):558-573.
[4]Guerrero I Y.Copper in plants[J].Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology,2005,17(1):145-156.
[5]Kulikova A L,Kuznetsova N A,Burmistrova N A.Change in growth and physiological parameters in soybean seedlings in response to toxic action of copper[J].Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,2015,62(4):455-464.
[6]段桂兰,张红梅,刘云霞,等.水稻基因类型与生长环境对精米中砷积累的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2013,8(2):156-162.
[7]徐正进,陈温福,马殿荣,等.辽宁水稻食味值及其与品质性状的关系[J].作物学报,2005,31(8):1092-1094.
[8]王飞,李清华,林诚,等.冷浸田水旱轮作对作物生产及土壤特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1469-1476.
[9]柴娟娟,廖敏,徐培智,等.我国主要低产水稻冷浸田养分障碍因子特征分析[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(2):284-288.
[10]Olaleye A O,Tabi F O,Ogunkunle A O,et al.Effect of toxic iron concentrations on the growth of lowlands rice[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,(2001),24(3),441-457.
[11]Ji Y,Zhang J,Li R,et al.Distribution and partitioning of heavy metals in sediments of the Xinjiang River in Poyang Lake Region,China[J].Environmental Progress&Sustainable Energy,2015,34(3):713-723.
[12]吕念泽,高桂青,吕顺华,等.Cu2+胁迫对马来眼子菜光合荧光特性的影响[J].南昌工程学院学报,2018,37(04):31-34.
[13]Yan Y P,He J Y,Zhu C,et al.Accumulation of copper in brown rice and effect of copper on rice growth and grain yield in different rice cultivars[J].Chemosphere,(2006),65(10),1690-6.
[14]计勇,陆光华.水体污染风险预警的生物标志物技术[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(3):258-262.
[15]叶长城,陈喆,彭鸥,等.不同生育期Cd胁迫对水稻生长及镉累积的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(8):3201-3206.
[16]陈娜,廖敏,张楠,等.Fe2+对水稻生长及土壤微生物活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014(3):651-660.
[17]赵江宁,王云霞,沈春晓,等.土壤铜污染对水稻产量形成的影响:5年定位试验[J].农业环境科学学报,2012(11):2073-2081.
[18]Lichtenthaler H K.Chlorophylls and carotenoids:Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes[J].Methods in Enzymology,1987,148C(1):350-382.
[19]Tan W,Liu J,Dai T,et al.Alterations in photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity in winter wheat subjected to post-anthesis water-logging[J].Photosynthetica,2008,46(1):21-27.
[20]Hodges D M,Delong J M,Forney C F,et al.Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds[J].Planta,1999,207(4):604-611.
[21]孟范平,杨菲菲,程凤莲.基于生物标志物指数法的海洋环境评价方法综述[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(4):1128-1136.
[22]Xu.Effects of Soil Copper Concentration on Growth,Development and Yield Formation of Rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Rice Science,2005,12(2):125-132.
[23]赵秀峰,张强,程滨,等.硒对砷胁迫下小白菜生理特性及砷吸收的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3583-3589.
[24]Han Y L.Effect of Pb-Cu combined stress on growth and physiological indexes of Iris lactea var.chinensis seedling.[J].Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,2010,19(4):24-30.
[25]孙健,铁柏清,钱湛,等.Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn、As复合污染对灯心草的生理毒性效应[J].土壤,2007,39(2):279-285.
[26]铁柏清,袁敏,唐美珍,等.重金属单一污染对龙须草生长与生理生化特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(2):99-103.
[27]严重玲,洪业汤.Cd,Pb胁迫对烟草叶片中活性氧清除系统的影响[J].生态学报,1997,17(5):488-492
[28]Stobart A K,Griffiths W T,Ameen-Bukhari I,et al.The effect of Cd2+on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of barley[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,63(3):293-298.
[29]胡国涛,杨兴,陈小米,等.速生树种竹柳对重金属胁迫的生理响应[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3870-3875.
[30]杨双春,张洪林.镉胁迫对玉米生理特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2006,14(1):57-59.
[31]朱健,王平,夹书珊,等.旱柳(Salix matsudana Koidz)对Pb的耐性、富集、转运与胁迫响应研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3876-3886.
[32]Davey M W,Stals E,Panis B,et al.High-throughput determination of malondialdehyde in plant tissues[J].Analytical Biochemistry,2005,347(2):201-207.
[33]冯德建.铅、镉及其复合污染对茶树生理生化及吸收积累特性的研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2010.
[34]Beliaeff B,Burgeot T.Integrated biomarker response:a useful tool for ecological risk assessment[J].Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry,2010,21(6):1316-1322.
[35]Ji Y,Zhang J,Li X,et al.Biomarker responses of rice plants growing in a potentially toxic element polluted region:A case study in the Le’An Region[J].Chemosphere,2017,187:97.