连铸保护渣中氟化物作用及影响分析
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摘要
为了探究氟化物的挥发机理以及对保护渣性能的影响,总结了国内外保护渣组成及性能测定、保护渣的应用、保护渣中氟化物作用、氟化物对炉渣性能的影响机制、氟化物挥发引起的环保问题等方面的相关研究结果,分析了存在的问题及下一步研究的方向。基于对保护渣中氟化物的作用及其高温挥发特性的认识,指出了氟化物挥发对炉渣性能测定影响的重要性及现行炉渣性能检测存在的问题,提出了改进测定方法,进而获得更好的保护渣性能参数的需求及设想,指出了搞清氟化物的挥发机理及规律对炉渣性能测定与控制及对冶金环保具有支撑作用。
In order to explore the volatilization mechanism of fluoride and its influence on the performance of protective slag,the related research results of various aspects at home and abroad including the composition and properties of the mold powder,the application of the mold powder,the mechanism of the effect of fluoride on the mold powder and environmental problems caused by fluoride volatilization were summarized. Further,the current problems and the direction of the next research were analyzed in the current paper. Based on the understanding of the effect of fluoride in mold powder and its high-temperature volatilization characteristics,the importance of fluoride volatilization on the determination of slag properties and problems in the current slag performance testing were pointed,and improved measurement methods were proposed to obtain better mold powder performance parameters. It was pointed out that the mechanism and regulation of the volatilization of fluoride can be used to determine and control the slag performance and play a role of supporting the metallurgical environment.
In order to explore the volatilization mechanism of fluoride and its influence on the performance of protective slag,the related research results of various aspects at home and abroad including the composition and properties of the mold powder,the application of the mold powder,the mechanism of the effect of fluoride on the mold powder and environmental problems caused by fluoride volatilization were summarized. Further,the current problems and the direction of the next research were analyzed in the current paper. Based on the understanding of the effect of fluoride in mold powder and its high-temperature volatilization characteristics,the importance of fluoride volatilization on the determination of slag properties and problems in the current slag performance testing were pointed,and improved measurement methods were proposed to obtain better mold powder performance parameters. It was pointed out that the mechanism and regulation of the volatilization of fluoride can be used to determine and control the slag performance and play a role of supporting the metallurgical environment.
引文
[1]侯文泰,梁彩凤.经济耐候钢[J].钢铁研究学报,1994,6(2):40.(HOU Wen-tai,LIANG Cai-feng. Economic weathering steel[J]. Iron and Steel Research,1994,6(2):40.)
[2]杨晓江.唐钢薄板坯连铸高碳钢65Mn的质量控制[J].中国冶金,2016,26(12):36.(YANG Xiao-jiang. Quality control of65Mn thin slab casting high-carbon steel in Tangsteel[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(12):36.)
[3]朱礼龙,何生平,毛敬华,等.特厚板连铸保护渣系列规划[J].钢铁,2016,51(3):44.(ZHU Li-long,HE Sheng-ping,MAO Jing-hua,et al. Systematization of mold fluxes for ultra-thick slab continuous casting[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(3):44.)
[4]李建民,姜茂发.连铸保护渣对20Mn23AlV铸坯表面微裂纹的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(9):48.(LI Jian-min,JIANG Maofa. Effect of mold fluxes on slab surface crack for 20Mn23AlV[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(9):48.)
[5]李建民,姜茂发,孙丽枫. 20Mn23AlV钢用低反应性连铸保护渣的开发[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):28.(LI Jian-min,JIANG Mao-fa,SUN Li-feng. Development of low responsiveness mold fluxes for 20Mn23AlV[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):28.)
[6]刘志远,霍俊梅,王重君,等.唐钢中厚板厂连铸保护渣结晶器渣膜矿相分析[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):22.(LIU Zhiyuan,HUO Jun-mei,WANG Chong-jun,et al. Crystallization mineral of mold fluxes used in Tangsteel Medium Plate Plant[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):22.)
[7]王谦,何生平,解丹.低碳钢板坯连铸用无氟保护渣生成区域的研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(5):487.(WANG Qian,HE Sheng-ping,XIE Dan. Formation zone of fluorinefree mold fluxes for slab continuous casting of low carbon steel[J]. University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,30(5):487.)
[8] Sasaki Y,Urata H,Ishii K. Structural analysis of molten Na2ONaF-SiO2system by raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2003,43(12):1897.
[9] Kanehashi K,Saito K. A stray-field imaging,CRAMPS and MQMAS study of the drying process of precasting materials used in a steel-making converter[J]. ISIJ International,2002,22(2):257.
[10] Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute. Slag Atlas[M].[S.l.]:Verlag Stahleisen,1995.
[11]卢盛意.连铸坯质量[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000.(LU Sheng-yi. Quality of Continuous Casting Slabs[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2000.)
[12]孙玢,唐萍,文光华.氟原料类型对保护渣物理性能的影响[C]//第十五届冶金反应工程学会议论文集.沈阳:东北大学,2011:300.(SUN Bin,TANG Ping,WEN Guang-hua. Effect of fluoric material kind on physicochemical properties of mold fluxes[C]//The 15th Metallurgical Reaction Engineering Conference Proceedings. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2011:300.)
[13]刘承军,姜茂发. CaO-SiO2-Na2O-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO渣系的粘度和结晶温度[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2002,23(7):656.(LIU Cheng-jun,JIANG Mao-fa. Viscosity and crystallization temperature of CaO-SiO2-Na2O-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO system[J]. Jo-urnal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2002,23(7):656.)
[14] Mills K C. Physical properties of casting powders[J]. Ironmaking and Steeling,1988,15(4):175.
[15]迟景灏,甘永年.连铸保护渣[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1993.(CHI Jing-hao,GAN Yong-nian. Continuous Casting Mold Powder[M]. Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1993.)
[16]曾建华,陈小平,赵启成.国内外超低碳钢连铸结晶器保护渣的设计与应用[J].钢铁钒钛,2000,21(1):40.(ZENG Jianhua,CHEN Xiao-ping,ZHAO Qi-cheng. Development and application of mould powder for continuous casting of ultra-low carbon steel at home and abroad[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2000,21(1):40.)
[17]魏庆成,丁运乔,彭可雕.含BaO连铸保护渣熔点及粘度的研究[J].重庆大学学报,1995,22(4)110.(WEI Qing-cheng,DING Yun-qiao,PENG Ke-diao. Researches on melting-points and viscosity of mould fluxes[J]. Journal of Chongqing University,1995,22(4):110.)
[18] Wen G,Sridhar S. Development of fluoride-free mold powders for peritectic steel slab casting[J]. ISIJ International,2007,47(8):1117.
[19] Emi T,Fredriksson H. High-speed continuous casting of peritectic carbon steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,41(3):2.
[20]韩秀丽,李沛.碱度值R、F-含量和Na2O含量对中碳钢保护渣渣膜结晶体的影响规律[J].河北联合大学学报:自然科学版,2014,36(1):18.(HAN Xiu-li,LI Pei. Effect of alkalinity,F-content and Na2O content in steel slag film crystals[J]. Hebei United University:Natural Science,2014,36(1):18.)
[21]何生平,徐楚韶,王谦.无氟连铸保护渣有关技术问题的探讨[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(7):1.(HE Sheng-ping,XU Chushao,WANG Qian. Discussion of relevant technical problems in fluorine-free mould fluxes[J]. Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(7):1.)
[22] Shahbazine F,Sichen D,Mills K C,et al. Seetharaman. Studies of viscosities of some CaO-SiO2-CaF2slags[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,1999,26(3):193.
[23]梁洪铭,赵俊学,张振强.电渣重熔过程炉渣中氟化物挥发的研究[J].特殊钢,2012,33(5):1.(LIANG Hong-ming,ZHAO Jun-xue,ZHANG Zhen-qiang. A study on evaporation of fluorides in slag during electroslag remelting process[J]. Special Steel,2012,33(5):1.)
[24] Kazuhiro N,Hiroyuki F. Physicochemical properties of CaOSiO2-CaF2-NaF slag system as a mold flux of continuous casting[J]. Steel Research International,2003,74(1):31.
[25] Alexander,Zaitser I. Investigation of the mould powder volatiles during continuous casting[J]. Steel Research,1994,65(9):368.
[26]王谦,陈文满,何生平.连铸保护渣中氟的作用及降低氟含量的相关技术问题[C]//连铸保护渣技术讲座及研讨会.重庆:重庆大学,2006:110.(WANG Qian,CHEN Wen-man,HE Shengping. Effect of fluorine in continuous casting mold fluxes and relating technology in de-fluorine[C]//Continuous Casting Mould Protection Technology Conference. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2006:110.)
[27] GE Bei-lei,DANG Yan-mei,ZHAO Jun-xue. Measurement error analysis on properties of steelmaking slag with fluoride[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on the Science and Technology of Steelmaking(Ⅱ). Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2015:4.
[28]陈艳梅,赵俊学,樊君.电渣重熔过程中渣成分变化的研究[J].特殊钢,2010,31(6):7.(CHEN Yan-mei,ZHAO Jun-xue,FAN Jun. A Study on variations of slag ingredient during electroslag remelting process[J]. Special Steel,2010,31(6):7.)
[29]茅洪祥,胡汉涛,马国军.连铸保护渣对环境的氟污染及其对策[J].炼钢,1999,15(3):41.(MAO Hong-xiang,HU Hantao,MA Guo-jun. Contamination of fluorine in CC mould powder to environment and countermeasures[J]. Steel Making,1999,15(3):41.)
[2]杨晓江.唐钢薄板坯连铸高碳钢65Mn的质量控制[J].中国冶金,2016,26(12):36.(YANG Xiao-jiang. Quality control of65Mn thin slab casting high-carbon steel in Tangsteel[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(12):36.)
[3]朱礼龙,何生平,毛敬华,等.特厚板连铸保护渣系列规划[J].钢铁,2016,51(3):44.(ZHU Li-long,HE Sheng-ping,MAO Jing-hua,et al. Systematization of mold fluxes for ultra-thick slab continuous casting[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(3):44.)
[4]李建民,姜茂发.连铸保护渣对20Mn23AlV铸坯表面微裂纹的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(9):48.(LI Jian-min,JIANG Maofa. Effect of mold fluxes on slab surface crack for 20Mn23AlV[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(9):48.)
[5]李建民,姜茂发,孙丽枫. 20Mn23AlV钢用低反应性连铸保护渣的开发[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):28.(LI Jian-min,JIANG Mao-fa,SUN Li-feng. Development of low responsiveness mold fluxes for 20Mn23AlV[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):28.)
[6]刘志远,霍俊梅,王重君,等.唐钢中厚板厂连铸保护渣结晶器渣膜矿相分析[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):22.(LIU Zhiyuan,HUO Jun-mei,WANG Chong-jun,et al. Crystallization mineral of mold fluxes used in Tangsteel Medium Plate Plant[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):22.)
[7]王谦,何生平,解丹.低碳钢板坯连铸用无氟保护渣生成区域的研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2008,30(5):487.(WANG Qian,HE Sheng-ping,XIE Dan. Formation zone of fluorinefree mold fluxes for slab continuous casting of low carbon steel[J]. University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,30(5):487.)
[8] Sasaki Y,Urata H,Ishii K. Structural analysis of molten Na2ONaF-SiO2system by raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2003,43(12):1897.
[9] Kanehashi K,Saito K. A stray-field imaging,CRAMPS and MQMAS study of the drying process of precasting materials used in a steel-making converter[J]. ISIJ International,2002,22(2):257.
[10] Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute. Slag Atlas[M].[S.l.]:Verlag Stahleisen,1995.
[11]卢盛意.连铸坯质量[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000.(LU Sheng-yi. Quality of Continuous Casting Slabs[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2000.)
[12]孙玢,唐萍,文光华.氟原料类型对保护渣物理性能的影响[C]//第十五届冶金反应工程学会议论文集.沈阳:东北大学,2011:300.(SUN Bin,TANG Ping,WEN Guang-hua. Effect of fluoric material kind on physicochemical properties of mold fluxes[C]//The 15th Metallurgical Reaction Engineering Conference Proceedings. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2011:300.)
[13]刘承军,姜茂发. CaO-SiO2-Na2O-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO渣系的粘度和结晶温度[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2002,23(7):656.(LIU Cheng-jun,JIANG Mao-fa. Viscosity and crystallization temperature of CaO-SiO2-Na2O-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO system[J]. Jo-urnal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2002,23(7):656.)
[14] Mills K C. Physical properties of casting powders[J]. Ironmaking and Steeling,1988,15(4):175.
[15]迟景灏,甘永年.连铸保护渣[M].沈阳:东北大学出版社,1993.(CHI Jing-hao,GAN Yong-nian. Continuous Casting Mold Powder[M]. Shenyang:Northeastern University Press,1993.)
[16]曾建华,陈小平,赵启成.国内外超低碳钢连铸结晶器保护渣的设计与应用[J].钢铁钒钛,2000,21(1):40.(ZENG Jianhua,CHEN Xiao-ping,ZHAO Qi-cheng. Development and application of mould powder for continuous casting of ultra-low carbon steel at home and abroad[J]. Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2000,21(1):40.)
[17]魏庆成,丁运乔,彭可雕.含BaO连铸保护渣熔点及粘度的研究[J].重庆大学学报,1995,22(4)110.(WEI Qing-cheng,DING Yun-qiao,PENG Ke-diao. Researches on melting-points and viscosity of mould fluxes[J]. Journal of Chongqing University,1995,22(4):110.)
[18] Wen G,Sridhar S. Development of fluoride-free mold powders for peritectic steel slab casting[J]. ISIJ International,2007,47(8):1117.
[19] Emi T,Fredriksson H. High-speed continuous casting of peritectic carbon steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,41(3):2.
[20]韩秀丽,李沛.碱度值R、F-含量和Na2O含量对中碳钢保护渣渣膜结晶体的影响规律[J].河北联合大学学报:自然科学版,2014,36(1):18.(HAN Xiu-li,LI Pei. Effect of alkalinity,F-content and Na2O content in steel slag film crystals[J]. Hebei United University:Natural Science,2014,36(1):18.)
[21]何生平,徐楚韶,王谦.无氟连铸保护渣有关技术问题的探讨[J].钢铁研究学报,2007,19(7):1.(HE Sheng-ping,XU Chushao,WANG Qian. Discussion of relevant technical problems in fluorine-free mould fluxes[J]. Iron and Steel Research,2007,19(7):1.)
[22] Shahbazine F,Sichen D,Mills K C,et al. Seetharaman. Studies of viscosities of some CaO-SiO2-CaF2slags[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,1999,26(3):193.
[23]梁洪铭,赵俊学,张振强.电渣重熔过程炉渣中氟化物挥发的研究[J].特殊钢,2012,33(5):1.(LIANG Hong-ming,ZHAO Jun-xue,ZHANG Zhen-qiang. A study on evaporation of fluorides in slag during electroslag remelting process[J]. Special Steel,2012,33(5):1.)
[24] Kazuhiro N,Hiroyuki F. Physicochemical properties of CaOSiO2-CaF2-NaF slag system as a mold flux of continuous casting[J]. Steel Research International,2003,74(1):31.
[25] Alexander,Zaitser I. Investigation of the mould powder volatiles during continuous casting[J]. Steel Research,1994,65(9):368.
[26]王谦,陈文满,何生平.连铸保护渣中氟的作用及降低氟含量的相关技术问题[C]//连铸保护渣技术讲座及研讨会.重庆:重庆大学,2006:110.(WANG Qian,CHEN Wen-man,HE Shengping. Effect of fluorine in continuous casting mold fluxes and relating technology in de-fluorine[C]//Continuous Casting Mould Protection Technology Conference. Chongqing:Chongqing University,2006:110.)
[27] GE Bei-lei,DANG Yan-mei,ZHAO Jun-xue. Measurement error analysis on properties of steelmaking slag with fluoride[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on the Science and Technology of Steelmaking(Ⅱ). Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2015:4.
[28]陈艳梅,赵俊学,樊君.电渣重熔过程中渣成分变化的研究[J].特殊钢,2010,31(6):7.(CHEN Yan-mei,ZHAO Jun-xue,FAN Jun. A Study on variations of slag ingredient during electroslag remelting process[J]. Special Steel,2010,31(6):7.)
[29]茅洪祥,胡汉涛,马国军.连铸保护渣对环境的氟污染及其对策[J].炼钢,1999,15(3):41.(MAO Hong-xiang,HU Hantao,MA Guo-jun. Contamination of fluorine in CC mould powder to environment and countermeasures[J]. Steel Making,1999,15(3):41.)