底吹氩钢包内渣-金反应及脱硫行为的数值模拟
|
摘要
为了提高底吹氩钢包脱硫效率,建立了CFD-SRM耦合模型描述底吹氩钢包内渣-金反应及脱硫行为,考虑了钢包内底吹引起的湍流流动和渣圈中氧气吸收及氧化反应等因素对渣-金反应动力学的影响规律,通过80 t钢包热态试验验证了数学模型,并揭示了不同吹炼制度对底吹氩钢包脱硫效率的影响规律,得出合理的优化参数。结果表明,气液两相流对组分质量传输速率和脱硫效率有着重要影响,CFD-SRM耦合模型可以准确预测底吹钢包内的渣-金反应和脱硫行为,钢包双孔喷吹的脱硫效果对单孔中心和偏心布置更优。随着渣-金高度比的增加,脱硫效率增加,当渣钢高度比超过0.04时,脱硫效率变化很小;随着底吹流量的增加,脱硫率先增大后减小,但当底吹流量超过300 L/min(标准态)时,钢液脱硫率开始降低。
In order to improve the desulfurization efficiency of the gas-stirred ladle,a computation fluid dynamics-simultaneous reaction model(CFD-SRM)coupled model was proposed to describe the desulfurization behavior in a gasstirred ladle. In present model,the effect of liquid-gas two phase flow caused by bottom blowing,and the oxygen absorption and oxidation reactions in slag eyes were considered,and model verification was carried out by 80 t ladle hot experiment. The effects of different blowing conditions on desulfurization efficiency in gas-stirred ladles were investigated.The results show that the gas-liquid two-phase flow has an important influence on the mass transfer rate of components and the desulfurization efficiency,and the predicted sulfur content changing with time in ladle agrees well with the measured data. The desulfurization efficiency of dual blowing is higher than that of single center or eccentric blowing. With the increasing of slag-metal height ratio,the desulfurization efficiency increases. But once the slag-metal height ratio exceeds 0.04,the desulfurization efficiency changes little. As the gas flow rate increases,the desulfurization rate increases first and then decreases. But when the bottom blowing flow exceeds 300 L/min,the desulfurization rate begins to decrease.
In order to improve the desulfurization efficiency of the gas-stirred ladle,a computation fluid dynamics-simultaneous reaction model(CFD-SRM)coupled model was proposed to describe the desulfurization behavior in a gasstirred ladle. In present model,the effect of liquid-gas two phase flow caused by bottom blowing,and the oxygen absorption and oxidation reactions in slag eyes were considered,and model verification was carried out by 80 t ladle hot experiment. The effects of different blowing conditions on desulfurization efficiency in gas-stirred ladles were investigated.The results show that the gas-liquid two-phase flow has an important influence on the mass transfer rate of components and the desulfurization efficiency,and the predicted sulfur content changing with time in ladle agrees well with the measured data. The desulfurization efficiency of dual blowing is higher than that of single center or eccentric blowing. With the increasing of slag-metal height ratio,the desulfurization efficiency increases. But once the slag-metal height ratio exceeds 0.04,the desulfurization efficiency changes little. As the gas flow rate increases,the desulfurization rate increases first and then decreases. But when the bottom blowing flow exceeds 300 L/min,the desulfurization rate begins to decrease.
引文
[1]郝鑫,王新华,黄福祥,等. LF-VD高效脱硫工艺[J].钢铁,2014,49(7):72.(HAO Xin,WANG Xin-hua,HUANG Fuxiang,et al. High efficient desulfurization refining process of LF-VD[J]. Iron and Steel,2014,49(7):72.)
[2]钱国余,李六一,成国光,等. GOR冶炼不锈钢深脱硫工艺[J].钢铁,2016,51(3):39.(QIAN Guo-yu,LI Liu-yi,CHENG Guo-guang,et al. Deep desulfurization process of stainless steel in the GOR converter[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(3):39.)
[3]勾新勇.低磷低钛低硫钢冶炼工艺技术创新集成和应用[J].中国冶金,2018,28(3):46.(GOU Xin-yong. Innovative integration and application of low-phosphor low-titanium low-sulfur steel smelting process technology[J]. China Metallurgy,2018,28(3):46.)
[4]黄永生,孙光涛,顾超,等.铝脱氧轴承钢GCr15精炼渣最优成分的分析与实践[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):44.(HUANG Yong-sheng,SUN Guang-tao,GU Chao,et al. Technical practice and research on optimal composition of refining slag of aluminium deoxidation bearing steel GCr15[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):44.)
[5]吴铿,梁志刚,张二华,等. LF精炼过程中硫分配比和脱硫动力学方程研究[J].金属学报,2001,37(10):1069.(WU Keng,LIANG Zhi-gang,ZHANG Er-hua,et al. Research on the slagmetal sulfur partition and the kinetics equation of desulfurization in LF refining process[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2001,37(10):1069.)
[6]李素芹,熊国宏,李士琦,等.极低硫钢的精炼脱硫动力学模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2004,26(3):244.(LI Su-qin,XIONG Guo-hong,LI Shi-qi,et al. Dynamic model applied in ultra-low sulphur steel refining desurlfurization process[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2004,26(3):244.)
[7] Roy D,Pistorius P C,Fruehan R J. Effect of silicon on the desulfurization of al-killed steels:Part I. Mathematical model[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2013,44(5):1086.
[8] Jonsson L,Sichen D,J?nsson P. A new approach to model sulphur refining in a gas-stirred ladle-a coupled CFD and thermodynamic model[J]. ISIJ International,1998,38(3):260.
[9] Andersson M,Hallberg M,Jonsson L,et al. Slag-metal reactions during ladle treatment with focus on desulphurisation[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2013,29(3):224.
[10] Andersson M A T,Jonsson L T I,J?nsson P G. A thermodynamic and kinetic model of reoxidation and desulphurisation in the ladle furnace[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(11):1080.
[11] Singh U,Anapagaddi R,Mangal S,et al. Multiphase modeling of bottom-stirred ladle for prediction of slag-steel interface and estimation of desulfurization behavior[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(3):1804.
[12] LOU W T,ZHU M Y. Numerical simulation of gas and liquid two-phase flow in gas-stirred systems based on Euler-Euler approach[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2013,44(5):1251.
[13] LOU W T,ZHU M Y. Numerical simulation of desulfurization behavior in gas-stirred systems based on computation fluid dynamics-simultaneous reaction model(CFD-SRM)coupled model[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2014,45(5):1706.
[14] Sun H,Pehlke R D. Modeling and experimental study of gaseous oxidation of liquid iron alloys[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,1996,27B(5):854.
[15]阮强,陈兴润,潘吉祥,等. 110 t不锈钢钢包炉底吹氩水模拟[J].中国冶金,2016,26(2):50.(RUAN Qiang,CHEN Xingrun,PAN Ji-xiang,et al. Water modeling of bottom argon blowing for 110 t stainless steel ladle furnace[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(2):50.)
[2]钱国余,李六一,成国光,等. GOR冶炼不锈钢深脱硫工艺[J].钢铁,2016,51(3):39.(QIAN Guo-yu,LI Liu-yi,CHENG Guo-guang,et al. Deep desulfurization process of stainless steel in the GOR converter[J]. Iron and Steel,2016,51(3):39.)
[3]勾新勇.低磷低钛低硫钢冶炼工艺技术创新集成和应用[J].中国冶金,2018,28(3):46.(GOU Xin-yong. Innovative integration and application of low-phosphor low-titanium low-sulfur steel smelting process technology[J]. China Metallurgy,2018,28(3):46.)
[4]黄永生,孙光涛,顾超,等.铝脱氧轴承钢GCr15精炼渣最优成分的分析与实践[J].中国冶金,2017,27(12):44.(HUANG Yong-sheng,SUN Guang-tao,GU Chao,et al. Technical practice and research on optimal composition of refining slag of aluminium deoxidation bearing steel GCr15[J]. China Metallurgy,2017,27(12):44.)
[5]吴铿,梁志刚,张二华,等. LF精炼过程中硫分配比和脱硫动力学方程研究[J].金属学报,2001,37(10):1069.(WU Keng,LIANG Zhi-gang,ZHANG Er-hua,et al. Research on the slagmetal sulfur partition and the kinetics equation of desulfurization in LF refining process[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2001,37(10):1069.)
[6]李素芹,熊国宏,李士琦,等.极低硫钢的精炼脱硫动力学模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2004,26(3):244.(LI Su-qin,XIONG Guo-hong,LI Shi-qi,et al. Dynamic model applied in ultra-low sulphur steel refining desurlfurization process[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2004,26(3):244.)
[7] Roy D,Pistorius P C,Fruehan R J. Effect of silicon on the desulfurization of al-killed steels:Part I. Mathematical model[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2013,44(5):1086.
[8] Jonsson L,Sichen D,J?nsson P. A new approach to model sulphur refining in a gas-stirred ladle-a coupled CFD and thermodynamic model[J]. ISIJ International,1998,38(3):260.
[9] Andersson M,Hallberg M,Jonsson L,et al. Slag-metal reactions during ladle treatment with focus on desulphurisation[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2013,29(3):224.
[10] Andersson M A T,Jonsson L T I,J?nsson P G. A thermodynamic and kinetic model of reoxidation and desulphurisation in the ladle furnace[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(11):1080.
[11] Singh U,Anapagaddi R,Mangal S,et al. Multiphase modeling of bottom-stirred ladle for prediction of slag-steel interface and estimation of desulfurization behavior[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(3):1804.
[12] LOU W T,ZHU M Y. Numerical simulation of gas and liquid two-phase flow in gas-stirred systems based on Euler-Euler approach[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2013,44(5):1251.
[13] LOU W T,ZHU M Y. Numerical simulation of desulfurization behavior in gas-stirred systems based on computation fluid dynamics-simultaneous reaction model(CFD-SRM)coupled model[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2014,45(5):1706.
[14] Sun H,Pehlke R D. Modeling and experimental study of gaseous oxidation of liquid iron alloys[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,1996,27B(5):854.
[15]阮强,陈兴润,潘吉祥,等. 110 t不锈钢钢包炉底吹氩水模拟[J].中国冶金,2016,26(2):50.(RUAN Qiang,CHEN Xingrun,PAN Ji-xiang,et al. Water modeling of bottom argon blowing for 110 t stainless steel ladle furnace[J]. China Metallurgy,2016,26(2):50.)