基于谐振型无源SAW传感器的制造系统热监测通信特性实验研究
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摘要
为研究声表面波SAW(Surface Acoustic Wave)传感器在制造系统中的通信特性,基于SAW技术,应用单端口谐振器,构建了制造系统中常见的两种情形,金属环境和旋转结构的温度测量装置。首先,分析了谐振型无源SAW传感器的温度测量原理,使用功率指标表示信号强度,以接收功率的对数来表达;其次,使用CST NWS仿真软件进行了金属板对无线信号通信特性影响的仿真实验,基于上述仿真模型在实际环境中使用金属板来验证仿真结果;最后,使用模拟主轴进行了旋转条件下的传输特性实验。实验结果表明,为保持SAW传感器的测量和数据传输性能,在制造系统中SAW传感器的最佳位置应考虑天线角度、方向、主轴转速、金属板位置和质询器天线与SAW传感器天线间隔距离等因素。研究结果将指导制造系统监测中SAW传感器的应用,并提供SAW传感器性能优化的理论依据。
In order to study the communication characteristics of surface acoustic wave(SAW)sensors in the manufacturing system,a SAW temperature measuring device based on single-port resonator was constructed for the application in metal environment and rotating structure. Firstly,the temperature measurement principle of the resonant passive SAW sensor was analyzed,and the power indicator was used to express the signal strength,which was expressed by the logarithm of the received power. Secondly,the influence of metal objects on wireless signal communication characteristics was studied by CST NWS simulation software,and the correctness of simulation results was verified by metal plate experiment. Finally,the communication characteristics experiment under rotating conditions was carried out using the simulated spindle. The experimental results show that in order to maintain the measurement and data transmission performance of the SAW sensor,several key factors including the antenna angle,direction,spindle speed,metal objects position,distance between the interrogator antenna and the SAW sensor antenna should be considered to obtain the optimal position of the SAW sensor in the manufacturing system. The results of this study will guide the application of SAW sensors in manufacturing system,and provide the theoretical basis for SAW sensor performance optimization.
In order to study the communication characteristics of surface acoustic wave(SAW)sensors in the manufacturing system,a SAW temperature measuring device based on single-port resonator was constructed for the application in metal environment and rotating structure. Firstly,the temperature measurement principle of the resonant passive SAW sensor was analyzed,and the power indicator was used to express the signal strength,which was expressed by the logarithm of the received power. Secondly,the influence of metal objects on wireless signal communication characteristics was studied by CST NWS simulation software,and the correctness of simulation results was verified by metal plate experiment. Finally,the communication characteristics experiment under rotating conditions was carried out using the simulated spindle. The experimental results show that in order to maintain the measurement and data transmission performance of the SAW sensor,several key factors including the antenna angle,direction,spindle speed,metal objects position,distance between the interrogator antenna and the SAW sensor antenna should be considered to obtain the optimal position of the SAW sensor in the manufacturing system. The results of this study will guide the application of SAW sensors in manufacturing system,and provide the theoretical basis for SAW sensor performance optimization.
引文
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[26] 张滇,明仲,陆克中,等.基于传感器节点的无线接收信号强度研究(英文)[J].深圳大学学报(理工版),2014,31(1):63-70.
[27] Borrero G A,Bravo J P,Mora S F,et al.Design and Fabrication of SAW Pressure,Temperature and Impedance Sensors Using Novel Multiphysics Simulation Models[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2013,203:204-214.余文利(1968-),男,通讯作者,浙江龙游人,副教授,1991年在西安电子科技大学获得学士学位,2006年在浙江工业大学获得工程硕士学位,主要从事数控机床热误差建模、数控技术与装备自动化技术研究,yujimmy@163.com。
[2] Mayr J,Jedrzejewski J,Uhlmann E,et al.Thermal Issues in Machine Tools[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2012,61(2):771-791.
[3] Yao X H,Li S,Fu J Z.Heat Exchanger Design for a Thermoelectric Module to Drive Wireless Sensors in Spindle Monitoring[J].Sensor Review,2015,35(1):51-61.
[4] 李晟,姚鑫骅,傅建中,等.热电耦合无线传感能量管理系统及其在精密主轴热监测中的应用[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(9):2389-2398.
[5] Akyildiz I F,Su W,Sankarasubramaniam Y,et al.Wireless Sensor Networks:A Survey[J].Computer Networks,2002,38(4):393-422.
[6] Tang L,Wang K C,Huang Y.Study of Speed-Dependent Packet Error Rate for Wireless Sensor on Rotating Mechanical Structures[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(1):72-80.
[7] 李晟,姚鑫骅,傅建中.基于通信质量约束的主轴热监测无线传感器布点优化[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2013,47(7):21-28.
[8] Hudak N S,Amatucci G G.Small-Scale Energy Harvesting Through Thermoelectric,Vibration,and Radiofrequency Power Conversion[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2008,103(10):101301-101324.
[9] Marian V,Allard B,Vollaire C.Strategy for Microwave Energy Harvesting from Ambient Field or a Feeding Source[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(11):4481-4491.
[10] Szarka G D,Stark B H,Burrow S G,et al.Review of Power Conditioning for Kinetic Energy Harvesting Systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(2):803-815.
[11] Zhang D,Fan Y,Shimotori T,et al.Performance Evaluation of Power Management Systems in Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Energy Harvesting Applications for Driving Small Electronic Devices[J].Journal of Power Sources,2012,217:65-71.
[12] Li S,Yao X H,Fu J Z.Power Output Characterization Assessment of Thermoelectric Generation in Machine Spindles for Wire-Less Sensor Driving[J].Sensor Review,2014,34(2):192-200.
[13] 韩韬,吉小军,李平,等.声表面波无线无源传感器[J].上海交通大学学报,2018,52(10):1314-1323.
[14] Eun K,Lee K J,Lee,K K.Highly Sensitive Surface Acoustic Wave Strain Sensor for the Measurement of Tire Deformation[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,2016,17(6):699-707.
[15] Fachberger R,Erlacher A.Applications of Wireless SAW Sensing in the Steel Industry[C]//Procedia Engineering,2010,5:224-227.
[16] 何存富,邓鹏,吕炎,等.一种高信噪比电磁声表面波传感器及在厚壁管道检测中的应用[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(4):59-66.
[17] Perry M,Mckeeman I,Saafi M,et al.Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors for Displacement and Crack Monitoring in Concrete Structures[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2016,25(3):1-10.
[18] 王莹莹,董浩,张冯江,等.基于超声雾化联用快速气相色谱-声表面波传感器的氯胺酮检测系统[J].传感技术学报,2018,31(4):630-634.
[19] Stoney R,Donohoe B,Geraghty D,et al.The Development of Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors(SAWs)for Process Monitoring[J].Procedia CIRP,2012,1:569-574.
[20] Tang L,Wang K C,Huang Y.Performance Evaluation and Reliable Implementation of Data Transmission for Wireless Sensors on Rotating Mechanical Structures[J].Structural Health Monitoring,2009,8(2):113-124.
[21] Boccard J M,Katus P,Renevier R,et al.Near-Field Interrogation of SAW Resonators on Rotating Machinery[J].Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems,2013,2(2):147-156.
[22] Dison B,Kalinin V.A Second Generation in-Car Tire Pressure Monitoring System Based on Wireless Passive SAW Sensors[C]//2006 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition,2006:374-380.
[23] Diogo S,Joana C M,António B P,et al.Measuring Torque and Temperature in Rotating Shaft Using Commercial SAW Sensors[J].Sensors,2017,17(7):1547.
[24] Haslett C.Essentials of Radio Wave Propagation[M].Cambridge University Press,UK,2008.
[25] Hirtenfelder F.Effective Antenna Simulations Using CST MICROWAVE STUDIO?[C]//2nd International ITG Conference on Antennas,2007:239.
[26] 张滇,明仲,陆克中,等.基于传感器节点的无线接收信号强度研究(英文)[J].深圳大学学报(理工版),2014,31(1):63-70.
[27] Borrero G A,Bravo J P,Mora S F,et al.Design and Fabrication of SAW Pressure,Temperature and Impedance Sensors Using Novel Multiphysics Simulation Models[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2013,203:204-214.余文利(1968-),男,通讯作者,浙江龙游人,副教授,1991年在西安电子科技大学获得学士学位,2006年在浙江工业大学获得工程硕士学位,主要从事数控机床热误差建模、数控技术与装备自动化技术研究,yujimmy@163.com。