农用地整理对区域景观动态与生态风险影响研究——以福建省建溪流域为例
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摘要
研究目的:以福建省建溪流域为例,基于2010—2016年的景观类型数据和农用地整理数据,分析农用地整理对区域景观动态和生态风险的影响。研究方法:单一变量法,景观格局指数,生态风险指数。研究结果:(1)2010—2016年间通过农用地整理工程增加的耕地主要在海拔高于300 m的区域;(2)农用地整理工程中的新增耕地主要来源于草地、园地和林地,也有部分城镇村及工矿用地、交通用地等由于村庄合并或矿区土地复垦等原因被整理为耕地;(3)每一种农用地整理工程类型都是一种风险源,其释放的风险压力主要有景观单一化和景观破碎化两种;(4)2010—2016年建溪流域的生态风险值介于2 386.11～2 394.76,2010年后生态风险指数逐年降低。研究结论:本文对大尺度上关于农用地整理对景观生态的影响研究有借鉴意义,可以为区域尺度的土地利用优化设计和农用地整理设计规划提供科学依据。
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of agricultural land consolidation on regional landscape dynamics and ecological risks based on the landscape type data and agricultural land consolidation data from 2010 to2016. This paper takes Jianxi Watershed in Fujian Province as an example. The research methods include single variable method, landscape pattern index and ecological risk index. The results showed that the increased cultivated land through agricultural land consolidation projects mainly in areas above 300 m from 2010 to 2016. The newly-added cultivated land in the agricultural land consolidation project mainly comes from grassland, gardens, woodlands and other lands. And there are some towns and villages, industrial and mining land and traffic land have been reclaimed as cultivated land because of village merging or mining land consolidation. Each type of agricultural land consolidation project is a risk source. The risk pressure is mainly landscape simplification and landscape fragmentation. From 2010 to 2016, the ecological risk value of Jianxi Watershed was between 2 386.11 to 2 394.76, and the ecological risk index decreased since 2010. This study can be used for reference in the study of landscape ecology in agricultural land consolidation at large scale and provide scientific basis for regional scale land use optimization design and agricultural land consolidation design plan.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of agricultural land consolidation on regional landscape dynamics and ecological risks based on the landscape type data and agricultural land consolidation data from 2010 to2016. This paper takes Jianxi Watershed in Fujian Province as an example. The research methods include single variable method, landscape pattern index and ecological risk index. The results showed that the increased cultivated land through agricultural land consolidation projects mainly in areas above 300 m from 2010 to 2016. The newly-added cultivated land in the agricultural land consolidation project mainly comes from grassland, gardens, woodlands and other lands. And there are some towns and villages, industrial and mining land and traffic land have been reclaimed as cultivated land because of village merging or mining land consolidation. Each type of agricultural land consolidation project is a risk source. The risk pressure is mainly landscape simplification and landscape fragmentation. From 2010 to 2016, the ecological risk value of Jianxi Watershed was between 2 386.11 to 2 394.76, and the ecological risk index decreased since 2010. This study can be used for reference in the study of landscape ecology in agricultural land consolidation at large scale and provide scientific basis for regional scale land use optimization design and agricultural land consolidation design plan.
引文
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[2]J RGENSON E.Land reform,land fragmentation and perspectives for future land consolidation in Estonia[J].Land Use Policy,2016,57:34-43.
[3]LI Y,LIU Y,LONG H,et al.Community-based rural residential land consolidation and allocation can help to revitalize hollowed villages in traditional agricultural areas of China:evidence from Dancheng County,Henan Province[J].Land Use Policy,2014,39:188-198.
[4]LONG H.Land consolidation:an indispensable way of spatial restructuring in rural China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2014,24(2):211-225.
[5]王军,钟莉娜.土地整治工作中生态建设问题及发展建议[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(5):308-314.
[6]龙花楼.论土地整治与乡村空间重构[J].地理学报,2013,68(8):1019-1028.
[7]WANG J,YAN S,GUO Y,et al.The effects of land consolidation on the ecological connectivity based on ecosystem service value:a case study of Da’an land consolidation project in Jilin Province[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(5):603-616.
[8]YU Z,XIAO L,CHEN X,et al.Spatial restructuring and land consolidation of urban-rural settlement in mountainous areas based on ecological niche perspective[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(2):131-151.
[9]MORAVCOV J,KOUPILOV M,PAVLE K T,et al.Analysis of land consolidation projects and their impact on land use change,landscape structure,and agricultural land resource protection:case studies of Pilsen-South and PilsenNorth(Czech Republic)[J].Landscape and Ecological Engineering,2017,13(1):1-13.
[10]KUPIDURA A,LUCZEWSKI M,HOME R,et al.Public perceptions of rural landscapes in land consolidation procedures in Poland[J].Land Use Policy,2014,39:313-319.
[11]顿耀龙,王军,白中科,等.松嫩平原西部土地整理区景观格局指数的粒度效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(5):65-70.
[12]董玉红,刘世梁,王军,等.基于景观格局的土地整理风险与固碳功能评价[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(7):246-253.
[13]BONFANTI P,FREGONESE A,SIGURA M.Landscape analysis in areas affected by land consolidation[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,1997,37(1):91-98.
[14]刘世梁,侯笑云,张月秋,等.基于生态系统服务的土地整治生态风险评价与管控建议[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(3):193-200.
[15]JR M W,REA A W,ND S G,et al.Ecosystem services as assessment endpoints for ecological risk assessment[J].Integrated Environmental Assessment&Management,2016,12(3):522-528.
[16]WYK A V,BERG J V D,HAMBURG H V.Selection of nontarget lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt maize in South Africa[J].African Entomology,2017,15(2):356-366.
[17]ZHENG B,WANG L,LEI K,et al.Distribution and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water,suspended particulate matter and sediment from Daliao River estuary and the adjacent area,China[J].Chemosphere,2016,149:91-100.
[18]潘竟虎,刘晓.疏勒河流域景观生态风险评价与生态安全格局优化构建[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(3):791-799.
[19]周汝佳,张永战,何华春.基于土地利用变化的盐城海岸带生态风险评价[J].地理研究,2016,35(6):1017-1028.
[20]肖武,李素萃,梁苏妍,等.土地整治生态景观效应评价方法及应用[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(7):152-162.
[21]李洪义,李爽,吕添贵,等.基于景观格局视角的土地整治对农地细碎化影响评价研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(1):67-73.
[22]ASLAN S T,GUNDOGDU K S,ARICI I.Some metric indices for the assessment of land consolidation projects[J].Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences Pjbs,2007,10(9):1390-1397.
[23]ZHANG Z,ZHAO W,GU X.Changes resulting from a land consolidation project(LCP)and its resource-environment effects:a case study in Tianmen City of Hubei Province,China[J].Land Use Policy,2014,40:74-82.
[24]MUCHOV Z,PETROVI F.Impact of land consolidation on the visual characteristics(scenery)of a landscape[J].Journal of Central European Agriculture,2014,15(1):76-85.
[25]ANTWI E K,BOAKYE-DANQUAH J,ASABERE S B.Land Use and Landscape Structural Changes in the Ecoregions of Ghana[J].Journal of Disaster Research,2014,18(4):452-467.
[26]WAN L,ZHANG Y,ZHANG X,et al.Comparison of land use/land cover change and landscape patterns in Honghe National Nature Reserve and the surrounding Jiansanjiang Region,China[J].Ecological Indicators,2015,51:205-214.
[27]王军,钟莉娜.景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(12):3982-3990.
[28]曾永年,靳文凭,王慧敏,等.青海高原东部土地利用变化模拟与景观生态风险评价[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(4):185-194.
[29]韩振华,李建东,殷红,等.基于景观格局的辽河三角洲湿地生态安全分析[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(3):701-705.
[30]高宾,李小玉,李志刚,等.基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析[J].生态学报,2011,31(12):3441-3450.
[31]巩杰,赵彩霞,谢余初,等.基于景观格局的甘肃白龙江流域生态风险评价与管理[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):2041-2048.
[32]李晓燕,张树文.基于景观结构的吉林西部生态安全动态分析[J].干旱区研究,2005,22(1):57-62.
[33]卿凤婷,彭羽.基于景观结构的北京市顺义区生态风险时空特征[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(5):1585-1593.
[34]KRAMER V J,ETTERSON M A,HECKER M,et al.Adverse outcome pathways and ecological risk assessment[J].Environmental Toxicology&Chemistry,2015,30(1):64-76.
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