钻杆直径及钻进速度对钻屑量影响试验研究
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摘要
钻杆直径和钻进速度不统一造成钻屑量差异显著,使得现场钻屑量指标测定准确性无法保证。考虑深部开采条件下水平地应力作用不可忽略,建立了钻孔周围平面应变力学模型,引入有效应力推导得到单位长度钻屑量理论公式,经与现场钻屑量对比分析,验证了理论公式正确性,提出现场钻杆直径42 mm为宜。利用自主研制的三维应力煤体钻屑量检测试验装置,进行了不同钻杆直径及钻进速度钻屑量试验,得到钻杆直径及钻进速度与钻屑量间关系规律。结果表明:钻杆直径由12 mm增加至18 mm时,钻屑量均值和极大值均随钻杆直径增加而增大,均呈抛物线规律递增。对钻屑量均值与理论值进行对比分析,确定最优钻杆直径为16 mm。基于最优钻杆直径,钻进速度为2,2.5,3,3.5 mm/s时,钻屑量极大值为10.8,11.6,12.3,13.0 g,增加了7.4%,6.0%,5.7%,其增加幅度逐渐减小;同时钻屑量均值分别为9.34,10.14,10.8,11.20 g,增加了8.57%,6.51%和3.70%,呈幂函数递增规律。利用钻屑量指标法预测煤矿动力灾害时,应统一设定钻进速度及钻杆直径尺寸,提高预测准确性和可靠性。
Considering the effects of horizontal stress under deep mining conditions, the model of the plane strain around the drill hole was established, and the theoretical formula of the drill cuttings per unit length was deduced by introducing the effective stress. The theoretical formula is verified by comparative analysis with field drill cuttings, and it is suggested that the diameter of field drill pipe is 42 mm.The relationships among drilling velocity, the diameter of drill pipe and the amount of drilling cuttings were analyzed by using the self-developed three-dimensional stress coal body cuttings measurement test device. The results show when the diameter of the drill pipe increase from 12 mm to 18 mm, the mean and maximum value of drilling cuttings increase with the diameter of the drill pipe, which increases with the parabola law. Comparing and analyzing the average value of drill cuttings and the theoretical value,we determine the optimal diameter of the drill pipe is 16 mm. Based on the optimal 16 mm pipe diameter, when drilling velocity is 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 mm/s, the maximum drilling cuttings value is 10.8, 11.6, 12.3, 13.0 g. The weight increase by 7.4%, 6.0%, 5.7% and the increase range decreases. The mean drilling cuttings are 9.34, 10.14, 10.8, 11.20 g respectively,which increases by 8.57%, 6.51% and 3.70% with power function law. It is necessary to set the drilling velocity and diameter of drill pipe to enhance the accuracy and reliability When using the cuttings measurement method to predict coal mine power disaster.
Considering the effects of horizontal stress under deep mining conditions, the model of the plane strain around the drill hole was established, and the theoretical formula of the drill cuttings per unit length was deduced by introducing the effective stress. The theoretical formula is verified by comparative analysis with field drill cuttings, and it is suggested that the diameter of field drill pipe is 42 mm.The relationships among drilling velocity, the diameter of drill pipe and the amount of drilling cuttings were analyzed by using the self-developed three-dimensional stress coal body cuttings measurement test device. The results show when the diameter of the drill pipe increase from 12 mm to 18 mm, the mean and maximum value of drilling cuttings increase with the diameter of the drill pipe, which increases with the parabola law. Comparing and analyzing the average value of drill cuttings and the theoretical value,we determine the optimal diameter of the drill pipe is 16 mm. Based on the optimal 16 mm pipe diameter, when drilling velocity is 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 mm/s, the maximum drilling cuttings value is 10.8, 11.6, 12.3, 13.0 g. The weight increase by 7.4%, 6.0%, 5.7% and the increase range decreases. The mean drilling cuttings are 9.34, 10.14, 10.8, 11.20 g respectively,which increases by 8.57%, 6.51% and 3.70% with power function law. It is necessary to set the drilling velocity and diameter of drill pipe to enhance the accuracy and reliability When using the cuttings measurement method to predict coal mine power disaster.
引文
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[11]刘永茜.钻屑法测定瓦斯含量存在问题分析及改进[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):136-139.LIU Yongqian.Analysis on problems existed in gas content measurement with drilling cuttings method and improvement[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):136-139.
[12]朱丽媛,李忠华,朱小景.煤体应力与钻杆扭矩的关系研究[J].应用力学学报,2015,32(3):372-377.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,ZHU Xiaojing.Relationship between coal stress and drill pipe torque[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2015,32(3):372-377.
[13]朱丽媛,李忠华,徐连满.钻进速度对钻杆扭矩影响的理论分析与试验研究[J].实验力学,2015,30(3):395-400.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,XU Lianman.Theoretical analysis and experimental study of the influence of drilling rate on torque of drill rod[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2015,30(3):395-400.
[14]朱丽媛,李忠华,徐连满.钻屑扭矩法测定煤体应力与煤体强度研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(11):2097-2103.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,XU Lianman.Measuring stress and strength of coal by drilling cutting torque method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(11):2097-2103.
[15]潘一山,徐连满,李祁.钻杆扭矩法预测冲击地压的研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(11):251-256.PAN Yishan,XU Lianman,LI Qi.Study on forecasting rockburst of the drill pipe torque method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(11):251-256.
[16]曲效成,姜福兴,于正兴.基于当量钻屑法的冲击地压监测预警技术研究及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(11):2346-2351.QU Xiaocheng,JIANG Fuxing,YU Zhengxing.Rock burst monitoring and precaution technology based on equivalent drilling research and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(11):2346-2351.
[17]尹光志,李晓泉,赵洪宝.钻屑量与矿山压力及瓦斯压力关系现场实验研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(1):1-7.YIN Guangzhi,LI Xiaoquan,ZHAO Hongbao.In-situ experimental study on the relation of drilling cuttings weight to ground pressure and gas pressure[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(1):1-7.
[18]陈峰,潘一山,李忠华.基于钻屑法的冲击地压危险性检测研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2013,24(2):116-119.CHEN Feng,PAN Yihan,LI Zhonghua.Detection and study of rock burst hazard based on drilling cuttings method[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2013,24(2):116-119.
[19]陈峰,潘一山,李忠华,等.利用钻屑法对卸压钻孔措施效果的分析评价[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(2):266-270.CHEN Feng,PAN Yishan,LI Zhonghua,et al.Analysis and evaluation of effects of borehole pressure relief measures by drilling cutting method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(2):266-270.
[20]桂祥友,徐佑林,孟絮屹.钻屑量与钻屑瓦斯解吸指标在防突预测的应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(3):285-289.GUI Xiangyou,XU Youlin,MENG Xuqi.Application of the value of drilling cuttings weight and desorption index for drill cuttings to preventing coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2009,31(3):285-289.
[21]王振,孟贤正,张永将.钻屑增量指标在大采深高瓦斯矿井灾害预测中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(2):89-92.WANG Zhen,MENG Xianzheng,ZHANG Yongjiang.Application of drilling cuttings increment index in disaster prediction of large mining depth and high gas coal mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2011,42(2):89-92.
[22]申宏敏,毛桃良,张雷林.基于钻屑理论的抽采钻孔合理封孔深度研究[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(8):39-41.SHEN Hongmin,MAO Taoliang,ZHANG Leilin.Research on reasonable sealing hole depth of extraction borehole based on drilling cuttings theory[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,45(8):39-41.
[23]李京达,魏全德,贾明奎.大直径钻孔钻屑检验方法及现场应用[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(1):126-129.LI Jingda,WEI Quande,JIA Mingkui.Method of diameter drilling cuttings inspection and its application[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(1):126-129.
[24]杨森林.深部矿井不同采深煤与瓦斯突出实验与数值模拟研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学.
[25]唐巨鹏,潘一山,杨森林.三维应力下煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):960-965.TANG Jupeng,PAN Yishan,YANG Senlin.Experimental study of coal and gas outburst under tridimensional stresses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):960-965.
[26]易俊,姜永东,鲜学福.应力场、温度场瓦斯渗流特性实验研究[J].中国矿业,2007,16(5):113-116.YI Jun,JIANG Yongdong,XIAN Xuefu.An experimental research on the characters of methane seepage in stress field and temperature field[J].China Mining Magazine,2007,16(5):113-116.
[27]娄振,魏国营.钻屑指标在确定本煤层钻孔瓦斯抽采合理封孔深度中的应用[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(6):104-107.LOU Zhen,WEI Guoying.Reasonable Sealing depth of gas drainage hole determined with drilling cutting index[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(6):104-107.
[28]李忠华,于文鑫,徐连满,等.钻进速度对钻屑温度影响的实验研究[J].实验力学,2012,27(4):498-502.LI Zhonghua,YU Wenxin,XU Lianman,et al.Experimental study of the effect of drilling speed on drill cuttings temperature[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2012,27(4):498-502.
[2]LI S,WANG Q J,LUAN Q L.Development of regional prediction information system of coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of Coal Science and Engineering,2006,12(1):79-81.
[3]何学秋.含瓦斯煤岩流变动力学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995:3-4.
[4]鲜学福,辜敏,李晓红.煤与瓦斯突出的激发和发生条件[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):577-581.XIAN Xuefu,GU Min,LI Xiaohong.Excitation and occurrence conditions for coal and gas outburst[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):577-581.
[5]蔡成功.煤与瓦斯突出三维模拟试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(1):66-69.CAI Chenggong.Experimental study on 3D simulation of coal and gas outbursts[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(1):66-69.
[6]程五一,张序明,吴福昌.煤与瓦斯突出区域预测理论及技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2005:176-179.
[7]赵志刚,谭云亮.基于混沌理论的煤与瓦斯突出前兆时序预测研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(7):2186-2190.ZHAO Zhigang,TAN Yunliang.Study of premonitory time series prediction of coal and gas outbursts based on chaos theory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(7):2186-2190.
[8]MELLINGER J C,OZDOGANLAR O B,DEVOR R E,et al.Modeling chip-evacuation forces and prediction of chip-clogging in drilling[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,ASME,2002,124(3):605-614.
[9]MELLINGER J C,OZDOGANLAR O B,DEVOR RE.Modeling chip-evacuation forces in drilling for various flute geometries[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,ASME,2003,125(3):405-415.
[10]VARDHAN H,ADHIKARI G R,RAJ M G.Estimating rock properties using sound levels produced during drilling[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2009,46(3):604-612.
[11]刘永茜.钻屑法测定瓦斯含量存在问题分析及改进[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):136-139.LIU Yongqian.Analysis on problems existed in gas content measurement with drilling cuttings method and improvement[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):136-139.
[12]朱丽媛,李忠华,朱小景.煤体应力与钻杆扭矩的关系研究[J].应用力学学报,2015,32(3):372-377.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,ZHU Xiaojing.Relationship between coal stress and drill pipe torque[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2015,32(3):372-377.
[13]朱丽媛,李忠华,徐连满.钻进速度对钻杆扭矩影响的理论分析与试验研究[J].实验力学,2015,30(3):395-400.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,XU Lianman.Theoretical analysis and experimental study of the influence of drilling rate on torque of drill rod[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2015,30(3):395-400.
[14]朱丽媛,李忠华,徐连满.钻屑扭矩法测定煤体应力与煤体强度研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(11):2097-2103.ZHU Liyuan,LI Zhonghua,XU Lianman.Measuring stress and strength of coal by drilling cutting torque method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(11):2097-2103.
[15]潘一山,徐连满,李祁.钻杆扭矩法预测冲击地压的研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(11):251-256.PAN Yishan,XU Lianman,LI Qi.Study on forecasting rockburst of the drill pipe torque method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(11):251-256.
[16]曲效成,姜福兴,于正兴.基于当量钻屑法的冲击地压监测预警技术研究及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(11):2346-2351.QU Xiaocheng,JIANG Fuxing,YU Zhengxing.Rock burst monitoring and precaution technology based on equivalent drilling research and its applications[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(11):2346-2351.
[17]尹光志,李晓泉,赵洪宝.钻屑量与矿山压力及瓦斯压力关系现场实验研究[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(1):1-7.YIN Guangzhi,LI Xiaoquan,ZHAO Hongbao.In-situ experimental study on the relation of drilling cuttings weight to ground pressure and gas pressure[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(1):1-7.
[18]陈峰,潘一山,李忠华.基于钻屑法的冲击地压危险性检测研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2013,24(2):116-119.CHEN Feng,PAN Yihan,LI Zhonghua.Detection and study of rock burst hazard based on drilling cuttings method[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2013,24(2):116-119.
[19]陈峰,潘一山,李忠华,等.利用钻屑法对卸压钻孔措施效果的分析评价[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(2):266-270.CHEN Feng,PAN Yishan,LI Zhonghua,et al.Analysis and evaluation of effects of borehole pressure relief measures by drilling cutting method[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(2):266-270.
[20]桂祥友,徐佑林,孟絮屹.钻屑量与钻屑瓦斯解吸指标在防突预测的应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2009,31(3):285-289.GUI Xiangyou,XU Youlin,MENG Xuqi.Application of the value of drilling cuttings weight and desorption index for drill cuttings to preventing coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2009,31(3):285-289.
[21]王振,孟贤正,张永将.钻屑增量指标在大采深高瓦斯矿井灾害预测中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2011,42(2):89-92.WANG Zhen,MENG Xianzheng,ZHANG Yongjiang.Application of drilling cuttings increment index in disaster prediction of large mining depth and high gas coal mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2011,42(2):89-92.
[22]申宏敏,毛桃良,张雷林.基于钻屑理论的抽采钻孔合理封孔深度研究[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(8):39-41.SHEN Hongmin,MAO Taoliang,ZHANG Leilin.Research on reasonable sealing hole depth of extraction borehole based on drilling cuttings theory[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2014,45(8):39-41.
[23]李京达,魏全德,贾明奎.大直径钻孔钻屑检验方法及现场应用[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(1):126-129.LI Jingda,WEI Quande,JIA Mingkui.Method of diameter drilling cuttings inspection and its application[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(1):126-129.
[24]杨森林.深部矿井不同采深煤与瓦斯突出实验与数值模拟研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学.
[25]唐巨鹏,潘一山,杨森林.三维应力下煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):960-965.TANG Jupeng,PAN Yishan,YANG Senlin.Experimental study of coal and gas outburst under tridimensional stresses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):960-965.
[26]易俊,姜永东,鲜学福.应力场、温度场瓦斯渗流特性实验研究[J].中国矿业,2007,16(5):113-116.YI Jun,JIANG Yongdong,XIAN Xuefu.An experimental research on the characters of methane seepage in stress field and temperature field[J].China Mining Magazine,2007,16(5):113-116.
[27]娄振,魏国营.钻屑指标在确定本煤层钻孔瓦斯抽采合理封孔深度中的应用[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(6):104-107.LOU Zhen,WEI Guoying.Reasonable Sealing depth of gas drainage hole determined with drilling cutting index[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(6):104-107.
[28]李忠华,于文鑫,徐连满,等.钻进速度对钻屑温度影响的实验研究[J].实验力学,2012,27(4):498-502.LI Zhonghua,YU Wenxin,XU Lianman,et al.Experimental study of the effect of drilling speed on drill cuttings temperature[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2012,27(4):498-502.