旋流电解技术脱除污酸中铜砷的研究

详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

英文篇名：Removal of Copper and Arsenic from Contaminated Acid by Cyclone Electrowinning Technology 作者：彭富超 ; 徐政 ; 纪仲光 ; 杨丽梅 ; 王巍 ; 李岩 英文作者：Peng Fuchao;Xu Zheng;Ji Zhongguang;Yang Limei;Wang Wei;Li Yan;National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy,General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals; 关键词：污酸 ; 旋流电解 ; 脱砷 ; 铜砷比 英文关键词：contaminated acid;;cyclone electrowinning technology;;arsenic removal;;copper arsenic ratio 中文刊名：ZXJS 英文刊名：Chinese Journal of Rare Metals 机构：北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室; 出版日期：2016-07-13 16:58 出版单位：稀有金属 年：2017 期：v.41;No.253 基金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DF90920)资助 语种：中文; 页：ZXJS201704012 页数：6 CN：04 ISSN：11-2111/TF 分类号：77-82

摘要

污酸是有色金属冶炼中普遍存在的废酸,具有污染物种类多成分复杂、酸度高且最难处理的特点。污酸也是冶炼厂酸性重金属离子废水主要来源,其传统处理工艺产生大量危险废渣且处理成本高。旋流电解技术以可适用范围广且高选择性等特点日益受到重视。本论文利用旋流电解技术处理污酸溶液,研究了初始铜离子浓度对铜砷脱除效果的影响,并同并联循环连续电积脱砷法和控制阴极电势电积法做了比较。结果表明,在初始铜离子浓度为3 g·L~(-1)时,旋流电解6 h时砷脱除率最好(71.42%)。初始铜离子浓度3 g·L~(-1)以内时,砷脱除率随初始铜离子浓度升高而升高;初始铜离子浓度超过3 g·L~(-1)时,初始铜离子浓度升高对砷脱除不利。旋流电解技术可在高电流密度500 A·m~(-2)下进行脱砷,高于并联循环连续电积法的320 A·m~(-2)和控制阴极电势电积法200 A·m~(-2);其渣中铜砷比可达0.65∶1.00,远低于并联循环连续电积法的(1.8~2.8)∶1.0和控制阴极电势电积法的6.6∶1.0,减少了砷渣中铜的含量。
        Contaminated acid is a common waste acid in nonferrous metals smelting,which is characterized by complicated component,high acidity and hard to deal with. Contaminated acid is also the main source of the acid heavy metal ion wastewater in smelting plant. The traditional treatment process produced a large number of hazardous waste and cost a lot. Cyclone electrowinning technology with wide application and high selectivity attracted more and more attention. In this paper,cyclone electrowinning technology was used for contaminated acid treatment,and experiments were done on the effect of initial copper ion concentration on copper and arsenic removal. Comprehensive comparison was conducted on cyclone electrowinning technology,continuous parallel and cycle electrowinning and controlling cathodic potential electrowinning. The results showed that 71. 42% arsenic was removed from electrolyte when the initial copper ion concentration was 3 g·L~(-1)in 6 h. When the initial copper ion concentration was less than 3 g·L~(-1),the arsenic removal rate increased with the increase of the initial concentration of copper ions. When the initial copper ion concentration was more than3 g·L~(-1),the increase of initial copper ion concentration was unfavorable to arsenic removal. The current density of cyclone electrowinning was 500 A·m~(-2),which was higher than that of the continuous paralleland cycle electrowinning(320 A·m~(-2)) and that of the controlling cathodic potential electrowinning(200 A·m~(-2)). The copper arsenic ratio in the slag was 0. 65∶ 1. 00,which was far lower than that of continuous parallel and cycle electrowinning product((1. 8 ~ 2. 8) ∶ 1. 0) and that of controlling cathodic potential electrowinning(6. 6∶ 1. 0),and the content of copper in the slag was reduced.

引文

[1]Wang Q W.New Technology for Treatment of MereuryContaining Acidic Wastewater from Gas Washing Process in Lead and Zinc Smelting by Biologies[D].Changsha:Central South University,2011.4.(王庆伟.铅锌冶炼烟气洗涤含汞污酸生物制剂法处理新工艺研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.4.)
    [2]Dong M,Liu Z P,Cao L W.Practice of efficient vulcanization recovery of arsenic in waste acid treatment[J].Sulphuric Acid Industry,2014,4(2):52.(董冕,刘祖鹏,曹龙文.砷的高效硫化回收技术在污酸处理中应用实践[J].硫酸工业,2014,4(2):52.)
    [3]Ma J,Sang L,Zhang E Y.Study on the new process of removing impurity from the leaching solution of high fluorine beryllium ore[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2015,39(5):468(马进,桑利,张恩玉.高氟铍矿浸出液共沉淀法除杂新工艺研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(5):468.)
    [4]Shao L N,Yang X S.Present situation and developing trend of contaminated acid treatment technology of nonferrous metal smelting[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2013,3(5):60.(邵立南,杨晓松.有色金属冶炼污酸处理技术现状及发展趋势[J].有色金属工程,2013,3(5):60.)
    [5]Chen Z Z,Zhang X Y,Zhong S T.Present status and development of electro deposition method for the removal of arsenic and copper[J].Nonferrous Metals(Smelting),1998,(3):29.(陈自珍,张祥远,钟声涛.电积法脱铜脱砷的现状与进展[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),1998,(3):29.)
    [6]Qiu Y H,Zhang X Y.Study and application of new technology of controlling cathodic potential electrowinning[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,1999,30(5):501.(仇勇海,张祥远.控制阴极电势电积法新工艺及其应用[J].中南工业大学学报,1999,30(5):501.)
    [7]Guo X Y,Shi W T,Li D.Recovery of copper and nickel from electroplating sludge by cyclone electrowinning[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(12):2426.(郭学益,石文堂,李栋.采用旋流电积技术从电镀污泥中回收铜和镍[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(12):2426.)
    [8]Deng T.Cyclone electrowinning technology and its application[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2013,(12):34.(邓涛.旋流电解技术及其应用[J].世界有色金属,2013,(12):34.)
    [9]Wei J.Electrolytic recovery of bismuth and copper as a powder from acidic sulfate effluents using an emewcell[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(62):50372.
    [10]Deng T.A cyclone electrowinning method and device[P].China Patent:CN200910136782.0,2010.(邓涛.一种旋流电解方法及其装置[P].中国专利:CN200910136782.0,2010.)
    [11]He C M.The Modern Metallurgy of Copper[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003.206.(何昌明.现代铜冶金学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.206.)
    [12]Zhen Z P,Chen C S.A contrastive analysis of derivative method and parallel-cycle method for Cu&As removal[J].Copper Engineering,2011,(6):29.(郑志萍,陈崇善.诱导法和并联循环法脱铜砷的对比分析[J].铜业工程,2011,(6):29.)
    [13]Chen B Z,Ma D W.Separation of copper and arsenic by electrowining of controlling cathodic potential[J].中国有色金属学报,1997,7(2):39.(陈白珍,马丹文.控制阴极电势电积法脱铜砷[J].中国有色金属学报,1997,7(2):39.)
    [14]Yao S P.The application of the derivative method in the copper electrolyte purification system[J].Nonferrous Metals(Smelting),1996,(1):11.(姚素平.诱导法脱砷技术在铜电解液净化系统中的应用[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),1996,(1):11.)
    [15]Hua H Q.Application of dearsenication process by continuous parallel and cycle electrowinning[J].Nonferrous Metals(Smelting),2010,(5):19.(华宏全.并联循环连续电积脱砷法在云铜的应用[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2010,(5):19.)
    [16]Qiu Y H,Chen B Z.Comparison of different electrowinning processes for purification of copper electrolyte[J].有色冶炼,2002,(3):30.(仇勇海,陈白珍.电积法净化铜电解液技术的比较[J].有色冶炼,2002,(3):30.)