吡啶羧酸铬对热应激期奶牛乳成分和乳中铬沉积的影响
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摘要
依据体质量、泌乳天数、产奶量相似的原则,选择20头泌乳中期(产后165 d)的荷斯坦奶牛,采用单因子区组设计,将其分成4组,分别补充不同梯度的吡啶羧酸铬,研究其对热应激期奶牛乳成分和铬沉积的影响,以探索富铬牛奶的生产途径。结果表明,奶牛日粮中添加吡啶羧酸铬4,8,12 mg/(头·d)对牛奶常规成分(乳脂率、乳蛋白、乳糖、总固形物)无显著影响(P>0.05);对牛奶中铬沉积影响不大(P>0.05)。热应激期奶牛日粮中添加8,12 mg/(头·d)水平的吡啶羧酸铬,对减缓奶牛热应激、提高产奶量效果明显(P<0.05)。
A total of 20 lactating holstein cattle which in middle lactation(165 d after parturition)with similar body weight,lactation days and milk yield were paired with a single factor.The test groups were respectively added different levels chromium picolinate to study the effects of chromium picolinate on the composition and deposit of chromium in milk of cattle under heat stress.The results showed that:there was little effect on the chromium content in milk(P>0.05)for cattle under heat stress with a dietary supplementation of chromium picolinate at 4,8,12 mg/(each one·d);there was no significant effect(P>0.05)on conventional ingredients in milk(milk fat,milk protein,lactose,total solids);there were notable effects to retart heat stress(P<0.05)and increase milk yield(P<0.05)with 8,12 mg(/each one·d)chromium picolinate in die of cattle under heat stress.
A total of 20 lactating holstein cattle which in middle lactation(165 d after parturition)with similar body weight,lactation days and milk yield were paired with a single factor.The test groups were respectively added different levels chromium picolinate to study the effects of chromium picolinate on the composition and deposit of chromium in milk of cattle under heat stress.The results showed that:there was little effect on the chromium content in milk(P>0.05)for cattle under heat stress with a dietary supplementation of chromium picolinate at 4,8,12 mg/(each one·d);there was no significant effect(P>0.05)on conventional ingredients in milk(milk fat,milk protein,lactose,total solids);there were notable effects to retart heat stress(P<0.05)and increase milk yield(P<0.05)with 8,12 mg(/each one·d)chromium picolinate in die of cattle under heat stress.
引文
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[2]张凡建,翟丛丛,王明利,等.日粮添加有机铬对奶牛生产的影响[J].中国奶牛,2014(7):9-12.
[3]Mowat D N.Supplemental organic chromium reviewed for catle[J].Feedstuffs,1997,20:12-19.
[4]Anderson R A.Nutritional factors influencing the glucose/insulin system:chromium[J].JAmCollNutr,1997,16:404-410.
[5]罗占民,尹福泉.热应激对奶牛的影响及预防措施[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2007,28(2):4-5.
[6]禹爱兵,王加启,赵国琦,等.铬对泌乳期奶牛的生产性能和主要生理指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(8):774-778.
[7]赖安强,王之盛,刘建华,等.吡啶羧酸铬对热应激下泌乳前期奶牛生产性能、血液生化指标和激素浓度的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(2):380-385.
[8]BesongSJ,JacksonS.Effect of supplementalchromiumpicolinateon liver triglycerides,blood metabolites,milk yield,and milk compositioninearly-lactationcows[J].DairySci,1996,79:97.
[9]禹爱兵.热应激条件下不同铬化合物对泌乳期奶牛生产性能的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2006.
[10]Anderson.Chromi supplement ation of turkeys:effects on tissue chromium[J].JournalofAgricultural and Food Chemistry,1989,37(1):131-134.
[11]詹凯,李吕木,吴东,等.三价铬在荷斯坦牛乳中沉积量及对泌乳量影响的研究[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(4):13-14.