“膨胀力”作用下致密砂岩储层石油运聚特征
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摘要
在致密油成藏动力已有认识的基础上,从力的性质和作用效果的角度,对比分析了推动石油在致密储层中运移的"膨胀力"与常规储层情况下浮力之间的区别。论述了在"膨胀力"作用下,石油在理想致密砂岩模型中的运移模式、运移距离及致密油藏扩张规律。基于以上认识并结合实例,建立模型从动力学的角度分析了致密砂岩中隔、夹层及裂缝对石油运移富集的影响。分析认为:由于致密油与常规储层油藏在运移动力及运移模式上的差别,致密砂岩中隔、夹层将会在一定程度上阻碍石油的运移,造成成藏上物性较好的"空白带";在致密砂岩裂缝型油藏中,与裂缝直接接触物性较好的砂体是最具可能性的石油聚集区带。
A research was conducted on the differences between tight sandstones and normal sandstones of the oil charging dynamics through the analysis of dynamic characteristics and its effects onoil migration.The tight oil migration distance and accumulation mechanism were also discussed.In addition,we analyzed the effect of mudstone barriers and fractures on oil accumulation in tight sandstones,and concluded that:in tight sandstones,mudstone barriers can block oil migration,and lead to the blank-zones near the barriers;the sand bodies directly contacted with fractures are the most possible targets for oil accumulation.
A research was conducted on the differences between tight sandstones and normal sandstones of the oil charging dynamics through the analysis of dynamic characteristics and its effects onoil migration.The tight oil migration distance and accumulation mechanism were also discussed.In addition,we analyzed the effect of mudstone barriers and fractures on oil accumulation in tight sandstones,and concluded that:in tight sandstones,mudstone barriers can block oil migration,and lead to the blank-zones near the barriers;the sand bodies directly contacted with fractures are the most possible targets for oil accumulation.
引文
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[12]庞正炼,陶士振,张琴,等.致密油二次运移动力和阻力实验研究:以四川盆地中部侏罗系为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(4):754-764.Pang Zhenglian,Tao Shizhen,Zhang Qin,et al.Simulation Experiments of Tight Oil Secondary Migration Driving Force and Resistance:A Case Study of Jurassic Oilfield in Middle Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(4):754-764.
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[17]王晓东.渗流力学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.Wang Xiaodong.The Basic of Poromechanics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.
[18]张吉,张烈辉,胡书勇,等.陆相碎屑岩储层隔夹层成因、特征及其识别[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(4):221-224.Zhang Ji,Zhang Liehui,Hu Shuyong,et al.The Genesis and Characteristics and Identification of Intercalations in Reservoir of Clastic Rock[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2003,22(4):221-224.
[19]陈世加,路俊刚,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8油层组成藏特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1130-1139.Chen Shijia,Lu Jungang,Yao Jingli,et al.Characteristicsof Reservoir Formation and the Controlling Factors of Chang 8 Oil-Bearing Formation in Huaqing Area of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(6):1130-1139.
[20]陈世加,高兴军,王力,等.川中地区侏罗系凉高山组致密砂岩含油性控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(4):421-427.Chen Shijia,Gao Xingjun,Wang Li,et al.Factors Controlling Oiliness of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Tight Sands in Central Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(4):421-427.
[21]张纪智,陈世加,肖艳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8致密砂岩储层特征及其成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(5):679-684.Zhang Jizhi,Chen Shijia,Xiao Yan,et al.Characteristics of the Chang 8 Tight Sandstone Reservoirs and Their Genesis in Huaqing Area,Ordos Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2013,34(5):679-684.
[22]公言杰,柳少波,朱如凯,等.致密油流动孔隙度下限:高压压汞技术在松辽盆地南部白垩系泉四段的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(5):681-688.Gong Yanjie,Liu Shaobo,Zhu Rukai,et al.Low Limit of Tight Oil Flowing Porosity:Application of High-Pressure Mercury Intrusion in the Fourth Member of Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Southern Songliao Basin,NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(5):681-688.
[23]刘震,刘静静,王伟,等.低孔渗砂岩石油充注临界条件实验:以西峰油田为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):996-1002.Liu Zhen,Liu Jingjing,Wang Wei,et al.Experimental Analyses on Critical Conditions of Oil Charge for Low-Permeability Sandstones:A Case Study of Xifeng Oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(6):996-1002.
[24]庞振宇,赵习森,孙卫.致密气藏成藏动力及成藏模式:以鄂尔多斯盆地L区块山1储层为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):674-684.Pang Zhenyu,Zhao Xisen,Sun Wei.Study on Dynamics and Models of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir:Taking Shan Formation of Block L in Ordos Basion as an Example[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):674-684.
[25]England W A,Mackenzie A S,Mann D M,et al.The Movement and Entrapment of Petroleum Fluids in the Subsurface[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1987,144(2):327-347.
[26]张晓磊,刘鑫,陈振波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部黄陵地区延长组裂缝特征及形成期次探讨[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(19):10-14.Zhang Xiaolei,Liu Xin,Chen Zhenbo,et al.Fracture Characteristics and Stages of Yanchang Formation in Huangling Area of Southeastern Ordos Basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(19):10-14.
[2]郭小文,何生,郑伦举,等.生油增压定量模型及影响因素[J].石油学报,2011,32(4):637-644.Guo Xiaowen,He Sheng,Zheng Lunju,et al.A Quantitative Model for the Overpressure Caused by Oil Generation and Its Influential Factors[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):637-644.
[3]马洪,李建忠,杨涛,等.中国陆相湖盆致密油成藏主控因素综述[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(6):668-677.Ma Hong,Li Jianzhong,Yang Tao,et al.Main Controlling Factors for Tight Oil Accumulation in Continental Lacustrine Basins in China[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2014,36(6):668-677.
[4]高树生,熊伟,刘先贵,等.低渗透砂岩气藏气体渗流机理实验研究现状及新认识[J].天然气工业,2010,30(1):52-55.Gao Shusheng,Xiong Wei,Liu Xiangui,et al.Experimental Research Status and Several Novel Understandings on Gas Percolation Mechanism in Low-Permeability Sandstone Gas Reservoirs[J].Nature Gas Industry,2010,30(1):52-55.
[5]阮敏,何秋轩.低渗透非达西渗流综合判据初探[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),1999,14(4):46-48.Ruan Min,He Qiuxuan.A Study of the Overall Criterion for Judging the Non-Darcy Flow Through Low Permeability Porous Media[J].Journal of Xi`an Shiyou University,1999,14(4):46-48.
[6]宋岩,姜林,马行陟.非常规油气藏的形成及其分布特征[J].古地理学报,2013,15(5):605-614.Song Yan,Jiang Lin,Ma Xingzhi.Formationand Distribution Characteristics of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoirs[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2013,15(5):605-614.
[7]贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350.Jia Chengzao,Zou Caineng,Li Jianzhong,et al.Assessment Criteria,Main Types,Basic Features and Resource Prospects of the Tight Oil in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):343-350.
[8]赵靖舟,李军,曹青,等.论致密大油气田成藏模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(5):573-583.Zhao Jingzhou,Li Jun,Cao Qing,et al.Hydrocarbon Accumulation Patterns of Large Tight Oil and Gas Fields[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2013,34(5):573-583.
[9]庞正炼,邹才能,陶士振,等.中国致密油形成分布与资源潜力评价[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(7):60-67.Pang Zhenglian,Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,et al.Formation,Distribution and Resource Evaluation of Tight Oil in China[J].Engineering Sciences,2012,14(7):60-67.
[10]林森虎,邹才能,袁选俊,等.美国致密油开发现状及启示[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):25-30.Lin Senhu,Zou Caineng,Yuan Xuanjun,et al.Status Quo of Tight Oil Exploitation in the United States and Its Implication[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(4):25-30.
[11]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望:以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Wu Songtao,et al.Types,Characteristics,Genesis and Prospects of Conventional and Unconventional Hydrocarbon Accumulaiton:Taking Tight Oil and Tight Gas in China as an Instance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):173-187.
[12]庞正炼,陶士振,张琴,等.致密油二次运移动力和阻力实验研究:以四川盆地中部侏罗系为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(4):754-764.Pang Zhenglian,Tao Shizhen,Zhang Qin,et al.Simulation Experiments of Tight Oil Secondary Migration Driving Force and Resistance:A Case Study of Jurassic Oilfield in Middle Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(4):754-764.
[13]Mark J O,Richard E S.Mechanisms for Generating Overpressure in Sedimentary Basins:A Revaluation[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(6):1023-1041.
[14]郝石生,柳广弟,黄志龙,等.油气初次运移的模拟模型[J].石油学报,1994,15(2):21-31.Hao Shisheng,Liu Guangdi,Huang Zhilong,et al.Simulation Models for Primary Hydrocarbon Migration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1994,15(2):21-31.
[15]查明,张卫海,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31-35.Zha Ming,Zhang Weihai,Qu Jiangxiu.The Character and Origin of Overpressure and Its Explorational Significance in Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(2):31-35.
[16]郭小文.含油气盆地生烃增压演化研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2010.Guo Xiaowen.Overpressure Evolution Caused by Hydroearbon Generation in Petroliferous BasinsTwo Cases Studies from Dongying and Baiyun Depressions[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2010.
[17]王晓东.渗流力学基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.Wang Xiaodong.The Basic of Poromechanics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.
[18]张吉,张烈辉,胡书勇,等.陆相碎屑岩储层隔夹层成因、特征及其识别[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(4):221-224.Zhang Ji,Zhang Liehui,Hu Shuyong,et al.The Genesis and Characteristics and Identification of Intercalations in Reservoir of Clastic Rock[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2003,22(4):221-224.
[19]陈世加,路俊刚,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8油层组成藏特征及控制因素[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1130-1139.Chen Shijia,Lu Jungang,Yao Jingli,et al.Characteristicsof Reservoir Formation and the Controlling Factors of Chang 8 Oil-Bearing Formation in Huaqing Area of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(6):1130-1139.
[20]陈世加,高兴军,王力,等.川中地区侏罗系凉高山组致密砂岩含油性控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(4):421-427.Chen Shijia,Gao Xingjun,Wang Li,et al.Factors Controlling Oiliness of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Tight Sands in Central Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(4):421-427.
[21]张纪智,陈世加,肖艳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长8致密砂岩储层特征及其成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(5):679-684.Zhang Jizhi,Chen Shijia,Xiao Yan,et al.Characteristics of the Chang 8 Tight Sandstone Reservoirs and Their Genesis in Huaqing Area,Ordos Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2013,34(5):679-684.
[22]公言杰,柳少波,朱如凯,等.致密油流动孔隙度下限:高压压汞技术在松辽盆地南部白垩系泉四段的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(5):681-688.Gong Yanjie,Liu Shaobo,Zhu Rukai,et al.Low Limit of Tight Oil Flowing Porosity:Application of High-Pressure Mercury Intrusion in the Fourth Member of Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Southern Songliao Basin,NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(5):681-688.
[23]刘震,刘静静,王伟,等.低孔渗砂岩石油充注临界条件实验:以西峰油田为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):996-1002.Liu Zhen,Liu Jingjing,Wang Wei,et al.Experimental Analyses on Critical Conditions of Oil Charge for Low-Permeability Sandstones:A Case Study of Xifeng Oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(6):996-1002.
[24]庞振宇,赵习森,孙卫.致密气藏成藏动力及成藏模式:以鄂尔多斯盆地L区块山1储层为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(3):674-684.Pang Zhenyu,Zhao Xisen,Sun Wei.Study on Dynamics and Models of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir:Taking Shan Formation of Block L in Ordos Basion as an Example[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(3):674-684.
[25]England W A,Mackenzie A S,Mann D M,et al.The Movement and Entrapment of Petroleum Fluids in the Subsurface[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1987,144(2):327-347.
[26]张晓磊,刘鑫,陈振波,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部黄陵地区延长组裂缝特征及形成期次探讨[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(19):10-14.Zhang Xiaolei,Liu Xin,Chen Zhenbo,et al.Fracture Characteristics and Stages of Yanchang Formation in Huangling Area of Southeastern Ordos Basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(19):10-14.