不同水温分层水库沉积物间隙水营养盐垂向分布与细菌群落结构的关系
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摘要
为探究不同水温分层水库沉积物间隙水营养盐垂向分布规律及其与细菌群落结构的关系,运用16S rRNA高通量测序技术,分析了2018年1月澜沧江小湾、漫湾水库建库后沉积物细菌群落结构特征,并采用Cannoco软件对细菌群落与环境因子关系进行了冗余分析.结果表明,调查期间小湾水库水体表底温差3. 3℃,最大温度梯度为0. 2℃·m~(-1)属于分层水体,漫湾表底温差0. 1℃属于混合水体.小湾间隙水NH_4~+-N和NO_3~--N平均质量浓度分别为2. 233 mg·L~(-1)和0. 030 mg·L~(-1),漫湾分别为2. 569 mg·L~(-1)和0. 016 mg·L~(-1).间隙水NH_4~+-N在两个水库沉积物中均表现垂向向下增大的趋势,而NO_3~--N垂向变化则不明显但均在深层质量浓度最底,库区间比较来看,只有NO_3~--N具有极显著性差异,其中小湾明显高于漫湾.菌群分类发现,小湾与漫湾沉积物细菌群落具有相同的优势菌门和优势菌属,水温分层对间隙水营养盐及细菌群落结构无显著影响.而漫湾相比小湾沉积物中反硝化菌相对丰度更高,硝化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌相对丰度更低,同一库区沉积物深层中反硝化菌相对丰度较高,有机物降解菌、硝化菌、厌氧氨氧化菌和溶磷菌相对丰度较低,是造成沉积物营养盐库间差异和垂向差异的原因.
In order to study the relationship between the vertical distribution of nutrients and bacterial community structures in sediment interstitial waters of stratified reservoirs with different water temperatures,MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze and compare the structural characteristics of sediment bacterial communities after reservoirs were built. Additionally,redundancy analysis(RDA) was used to assess the bacterial communities and environmental factors with Cannoco software. The results showed that the temperature difference between the surface and bottom layer of the Xiaowan Reservoir was 3. 3℃,and the maximum thermal gradient was 0. 2 ℃·m~(-1); thus,it was a typical stratified reservoir. The temperature difference between the surface and bottom layer of the Manwan Reservoir was 0. 1℃; thus,it was a typical mixed reservoir. The average concentrations of NH_4~+ -N and NO_3~--N in sediment interstitial waters of the Xiaowan Reservoir were 2. 233 mg·L~(-1) and 0. 030 mg·L~(-1),while those of Manwan were 2. 569 mg·L~(-1) and0. 016 mg·L~(-1),respectively. In the different reservoirs,the concentrations of NH_4~+ -N showed upward trends,and while variation of NO_3~--N was not obvious,the content of NO_3~--N reached a minimum value in the deep layer. In comparisons between reservoirs,only NO_3~--N showed a significant difference,in which Xiaowan had obviously higher concentrations than Manwan. The bacterial community structures in the Xiaowan and Manwan reservoir sediments had the same dominant bacteria at the phylum,class,and genus levels. The differences of water temperature stratification had no significant effect on nutrients and microorganisms in the sediments. Under the influence of other factors,the denitrifying bacteria in the Manwan Reservoir sediments were more abundant than those in the Xiaowan Reservoir,and the nitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria in the Xiaowan Reservoir sediments were more abundant than those in the Manwan Reservoir. In the same reservoir,the denitrifying bacteria in the bottom of the sediments were more abundant,and the organic degradation bacteria,nitrifying bacteria,anammox bacteria,and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were less abundant in this zone. These trends contributed to the differences of nutrients vertically in the different reservoirs.
In order to study the relationship between the vertical distribution of nutrients and bacterial community structures in sediment interstitial waters of stratified reservoirs with different water temperatures,MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze and compare the structural characteristics of sediment bacterial communities after reservoirs were built. Additionally,redundancy analysis(RDA) was used to assess the bacterial communities and environmental factors with Cannoco software. The results showed that the temperature difference between the surface and bottom layer of the Xiaowan Reservoir was 3. 3℃,and the maximum thermal gradient was 0. 2 ℃·m~(-1); thus,it was a typical stratified reservoir. The temperature difference between the surface and bottom layer of the Manwan Reservoir was 0. 1℃; thus,it was a typical mixed reservoir. The average concentrations of NH_4~+ -N and NO_3~--N in sediment interstitial waters of the Xiaowan Reservoir were 2. 233 mg·L~(-1) and 0. 030 mg·L~(-1),while those of Manwan were 2. 569 mg·L~(-1) and0. 016 mg·L~(-1),respectively. In the different reservoirs,the concentrations of NH_4~+ -N showed upward trends,and while variation of NO_3~--N was not obvious,the content of NO_3~--N reached a minimum value in the deep layer. In comparisons between reservoirs,only NO_3~--N showed a significant difference,in which Xiaowan had obviously higher concentrations than Manwan. The bacterial community structures in the Xiaowan and Manwan reservoir sediments had the same dominant bacteria at the phylum,class,and genus levels. The differences of water temperature stratification had no significant effect on nutrients and microorganisms in the sediments. Under the influence of other factors,the denitrifying bacteria in the Manwan Reservoir sediments were more abundant than those in the Xiaowan Reservoir,and the nitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria in the Xiaowan Reservoir sediments were more abundant than those in the Manwan Reservoir. In the same reservoir,the denitrifying bacteria in the bottom of the sediments were more abundant,and the organic degradation bacteria,nitrifying bacteria,anammox bacteria,and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were less abundant in this zone. These trends contributed to the differences of nutrients vertically in the different reservoirs.
引文
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