不同频率超声波对养殖水体浮游植物群落结构的影响
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摘要
采用单因子梯度试验法,设定20(Ⅰ)、28(Ⅱ)和40 kHz(Ⅲ) 3个不同低频率超声波试验组,以不进行超声波作用为对照组,研究超声波对养殖水体中浮游植物群落结构的影响. 40 d的试验结果表明:对照组浮游植物的丰度为各组最高,试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ中,浮游植物丰度分别为3.8×10~5、2.3×10~5ind·L~(-1),显著低于对照组(P<0.05).共鉴定到浮游植物种类属数为16个,数目大小依次为试验组Ⅰ>试验组Ⅱ>试验组Ⅲ>对照组.试验组Ⅰ中Shannon wiener多样性指数(H)、Margalef丰富度指数(D)分别达1.661±0.055和1.071±0.020,为各组最高;试验组Ⅲ中Pielou均匀度指数(J)达0.619±0.018,为各组最高;与对照组相比,施加20 k Hz超声波显著提高了养殖水体中浮游植物生物群落多样性(P<0.05).
Three different low-frequency ultrasonic waves were set up in 20( test group Ⅰ),28( test group Ⅱ) and 40 kHz( test group Ⅲ) by single factor gradient test,and the without ultrasound effect was takenas the control group,and its effects on phytoplankton community structure in cultured water bodies were studied. The 40 days experiment results showed that the phytoplankton abundance of the control group was the highest for each group,in the Ⅱ and Ⅲ test groups,the phytoplankton abundances were 3.8×10~5,2.3×10~5 ind·L~(-1),which significantly lower than the control group( P<0.05).A total of 16 species of phytoplankton species were identified,and the number was in the order of test group Ⅰ>test group Ⅱ>test group Ⅲ>control group. Shannon wiener diversity index( H) and Margalef richness index( D) of test group Ⅰ were 1.661 ± 0.055 and 1.071 ± 0. 020,which were the highest in each group. The Pielou evenness index( J) in test group Ⅲ reached 0. 619 ± 0. 018,which was the highest in each group. Compared with the control group,application of 20 k Hz ultrasound to aquaculture water significantly increased the phytoplankton community diversity( P<0.05).
Three different low-frequency ultrasonic waves were set up in 20( test group Ⅰ),28( test group Ⅱ) and 40 kHz( test group Ⅲ) by single factor gradient test,and the without ultrasound effect was takenas the control group,and its effects on phytoplankton community structure in cultured water bodies were studied. The 40 days experiment results showed that the phytoplankton abundance of the control group was the highest for each group,in the Ⅱ and Ⅲ test groups,the phytoplankton abundances were 3.8×10~5,2.3×10~5 ind·L~(-1),which significantly lower than the control group( P<0.05).A total of 16 species of phytoplankton species were identified,and the number was in the order of test group Ⅰ>test group Ⅱ>test group Ⅲ>control group. Shannon wiener diversity index( H) and Margalef richness index( D) of test group Ⅰ were 1.661 ± 0.055 and 1.071 ± 0. 020,which were the highest in each group. The Pielou evenness index( J) in test group Ⅲ reached 0. 619 ± 0. 018,which was the highest in each group. Compared with the control group,application of 20 k Hz ultrasound to aquaculture water significantly increased the phytoplankton community diversity( P<0.05).
引文
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[2]ABDELRAOUF N,ALHOMAIDAN A A,IBRAHEEM I B M.Microalgae and wastewater treatment[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,1995,31(3):205-210.
[3]姜登岭,倪国葳,高林,等.低频、低功率超声波抑制藻类生长的效果[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(5):1732-1735.
[4]翁建中,徐恒省.中国常见淡水浮游藻类图谱[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2010.
[5]HOLST H,ZIMMERMANN H,KAUSCH H,et al.Temporal and spatial dynamics of planktonic rotifers in the elbe estuary during spring[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,1998,47(3):261-273.
[6]何滔,刘建虎,张春霖,等.长江上游支流抱龙河浮游生物现状及多样性评价[J].淡水渔业,2014(3):51-55.
[7]赵静媛,陈家厚,赵剑飞.淡水生态系统与生物学监测[J].环境科学与管理,2006,31(1):145-147.
[8]秦雪,徐宾铎,杨晓改,等.黄河口及其邻近水域夏季浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].水产学报,2016,40(5):711-720.
[9]唐金玉,王岩,戴杨鑫,等.不同施肥方法对鱼蚌综合养殖池塘浮游植物群落结构的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(9):1421-1430.
[10]刘灿然,马克平.生物群落多样性的测度方法[J].生态学报,1997,17(6):601-610.
[11]徐鹏飞,汪苹,刘堃.超声波法对微囊藻的去除和抑制作用研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014(2):48-52.
[12]潘彩萍,张光明,王波.超声除藻动力学研究[J].净水技术,2006,25(6):31-33.
[13]BROEKMAN S,POHLMANN O,BEARDWOOD E S,et al.Ultrasonic treatment for microbiological control of water systems[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2010,17(6):1041-1048.
[14]JOYCE E M,WU X,MASON T J.Effect of ultrasonic frequency and power on algae suspensions[J].Journal of Environmental Science&Health Part A Toxic/hazardous Substances&Environmental Engineering,2010,45(7):863-866.
[15]WU X,JOYCE E M,MASON T J.Evaluation of the mechanisms of the effect of ultrasound on Microcystis aeruginosa at different ultrasonic frequencies[J].Water Research,2012,46(9):2851-2858.