彬长矿区胡家河煤矿瓦斯赋存特征及其地质控制
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摘要
依据地质勘探、瓦斯参数测试及井下采掘资料,从地质构造、煤层顶底板岩性、煤层埋深、上覆基岩厚度、煤层厚度及煤层冲刷带等方面,综合分析了胡家河煤矿瓦斯赋存的地质控制因素。研究表明,胡家河煤矿干燥无灰基瓦斯含量在0.02～5.71 m~3/t之间,平均2.87 m~3/t,瓦斯相对富集带主要分布在煤矿北部和南部,瓦斯分带主要以氮气-甲烷带为主。但是,由于采用放顶煤开采工艺,该矿投产以来历年均被鉴定为高瓦斯矿井。该矿瓦斯分布在区域上主要受控于地质构造,在背斜和向斜翼部地带容易形成岩性封闭;煤层上覆有效基岩厚度及煤层厚度越大,越有利于瓦斯相对富集;煤层冲刷带对煤层瓦斯含量影响不明显,但是煤层冲刷带砂岩中含有大量游离态瓦斯气体,在煤炭开采过程中易造成瓦斯涌出量增大,采掘经过时应加以防范。
Based on geological exploration, gas parameters testing and underground mining data, the geological control factors of the gas occurrence in Hujiahe Coal Mine are synthetically analyzed from the aspects of geological structure, lithology of the coal seam roof, buried depth of coal seam, overlying bedrock thickness, coal seam thickness and coal scouring zone. The research shows that the dry ash-free gas content of Hujiahe Coal Mine is between 0.02 m~3/t and 5.71 m~3/t with an average of 2.87 m~3/t.The relative enrichment zone of gas is mainly distributed in the northern and southern of the coal mine. The main gas zoning is mainly nitrogen-methane zone. However, due to the use of top-coal caving technology, the mine has been identified as a high-gas mine for many years since it was put into production. The gas distribution in the area is mainly controlled by the geological structure, and the lithologic seal is easily formed in the anticline and syncline wing zones. The greater the effective bedrock thickness and the thickness of the coal seam over the coal seam, the more favorable the relative enrichment of gas. The influence of coal seam scouring zone on coal seam gas content is not obvious, but the coal bed scrub zone contains a large amount of free gas, which can easily increase the gas emission during the coal mining process of coal mining, and should be taken precautions during mining and excavation.
Based on geological exploration, gas parameters testing and underground mining data, the geological control factors of the gas occurrence in Hujiahe Coal Mine are synthetically analyzed from the aspects of geological structure, lithology of the coal seam roof, buried depth of coal seam, overlying bedrock thickness, coal seam thickness and coal scouring zone. The research shows that the dry ash-free gas content of Hujiahe Coal Mine is between 0.02 m~3/t and 5.71 m~3/t with an average of 2.87 m~3/t.The relative enrichment zone of gas is mainly distributed in the northern and southern of the coal mine. The main gas zoning is mainly nitrogen-methane zone. However, due to the use of top-coal caving technology, the mine has been identified as a high-gas mine for many years since it was put into production. The gas distribution in the area is mainly controlled by the geological structure, and the lithologic seal is easily formed in the anticline and syncline wing zones. The greater the effective bedrock thickness and the thickness of the coal seam over the coal seam, the more favorable the relative enrichment of gas. The influence of coal seam scouring zone on coal seam gas content is not obvious, but the coal bed scrub zone contains a large amount of free gas, which can easily increase the gas emission during the coal mining process of coal mining, and should be taken precautions during mining and excavation.
引文
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[16]秦勇.中国煤系气共生成藏作用研究进展[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):26-36.
[17]冯光俊,朱炎铭,周泽,等.开平向斜南东翼瓦斯地质特征及控制因素分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(3):144-147.
[2]舒龙勇,程远平,王亮,等.地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存影响的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(2):121-125.
[3]李波,巨广刚,王珂,等.2005-2014年我国煤矿灾害事故特征及规律研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(3):111-114.
[4]龙玲,王兴.陕西彬长矿区煤层气赋存特征及资源利用[J].中国煤田地质,2005,17(5):44-46.
[5]王英,范立民,安秀煜.陕西省区域性瓦斯地质分带研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2013,41(2):12-15.
[6]崔宏磊,王岩,赵海波,等.下沟煤矿高瓦斯特厚煤层综放工作面瓦斯涌出分布规律[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(8):178-181.
[7]马安强,郭媛,宋战宏,等.彬长矿区瓦斯赋存及治理探讨[J].煤矿安全,2008,39(3):74-77.
[8]王生全,薛龙,马荷雯,等.大佛寺煤矿低煤阶煤层气地面开采选区评价[J].西安科技大学学报,2015,35(4):421-425.
[9]王兴.彬长矿区优质富煤带及环境因素[J].陕西煤炭,2005(2):9-10.
[10]陈晓智,汤达祯,许浩,等.彬长矿区延安组煤层发育特征及其控制因素分析[J].中国矿业,2011,20(2):110-113.
[11]蔺亚兵,宋一民,蒋同昌,等.黄陇煤田永陇矿区煤层气成藏条件及主控因素研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):168-175.
[12]曾勇,柯妍,张鑫.低煤阶煤煤层瓦斯富集的地质因素研究[C]∥基于瓦斯地质的煤矿瓦斯防治技术.北京:中国煤炭学会,2009:5.
[13]彭磊,王蔚,闫江伟.平煤一矿瓦斯地质规律分析[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(11):154-157.
[14]乔军伟,张光超.彝良向斜煤矿区瓦斯赋存特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2013,33(1):46-50.
[15]李向荣,邹海江.胡家河-小庄井田4号煤层煤层气赋存特征研究[J].中国煤层气,2017,14(3):27-31.
[16]秦勇.中国煤系气共生成藏作用研究进展[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):26-36.
[17]冯光俊,朱炎铭,周泽,等.开平向斜南东翼瓦斯地质特征及控制因素分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(3):144-147.