2017米林M6.9地震序列监测及南迦巴瓦地震活动性研究
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摘要
南迦巴瓦地震台网完整地记录了米林M6.9地震发生的全过程.本文利用南迦巴瓦地震台网的连续波形数据对米林地震序列进行了研究.南迦巴瓦台网的定位结果显示,米林主震位于29.89°N,95.04°E,震源深度为16.7km,余震序列呈NW向展布,分布在南迦巴瓦峰和加拉白垒峰连线的东北部靠近帕隆—旁辛断裂.经计算,本次地震的h值为1.26,b值为0.84,综合序列衰减情况分析,本次地震属于主震—余震型地震.米林地震前,南迦巴瓦峰地区地震活动表现出明显的时间不均匀性,自研究区1992年ML6.2地震以来,研究区每12年左右发生一次ML6.0级以上地震,2017年至米林地震前,研究区6月前与6月后的地震活动差异很大,6月后的地震活动在频度上要明显强于6月前.空间分布上,米林地震震中附近为研究区地震活动性最强的区域,属于雅鲁藏布江断裂和帕隆—旁辛断裂交汇区域.
Namche Barwa earthquake network recorded the whole process of Mainling M6.9 earthquake.Using the continuous waveform data recorded by Namche Barwa earthquake network,this paper analyzed Mainling earthquake sequence.The location results of Namche Barwa earthquake network show that the mainshock is located at 29.86°N,95.05°E and the focal depth is 16.7 km.The aftershock sequences are distributed in the direction of NW,and in the NE region of Namche Barwa and Gala Peri line,near Palong-Punxin fault.After calculation,the h value of this earthquake sequences is 1.26,b value is 0.84.The comprehensive sequence attenuation analysis shows this earthquake belongs to the main shock-aftershock type.Seismic activity in Namche Barwa shows obvious time inhomogeneity before Mainling earthquake.After ML6.2 earthquake in 1992,beyond M_L6.0 earthquake happened every 12 years or so.Before 2017 to Mainling earthquake,seismicity is different before and after June,and the seismic activity is obviously stronger after June than thatbefore June.For the spatial distribution of earthquakes,the area with the strongest seismicity is near the epicenter of the Mainling earthquake in study area,which belongs to the intersection area of the Yarlung Zangbo river fault and Palong-Punxin fault.
Namche Barwa earthquake network recorded the whole process of Mainling M6.9 earthquake.Using the continuous waveform data recorded by Namche Barwa earthquake network,this paper analyzed Mainling earthquake sequence.The location results of Namche Barwa earthquake network show that the mainshock is located at 29.86°N,95.05°E and the focal depth is 16.7 km.The aftershock sequences are distributed in the direction of NW,and in the NE region of Namche Barwa and Gala Peri line,near Palong-Punxin fault.After calculation,the h value of this earthquake sequences is 1.26,b value is 0.84.The comprehensive sequence attenuation analysis shows this earthquake belongs to the main shock-aftershock type.Seismic activity in Namche Barwa shows obvious time inhomogeneity before Mainling earthquake.After ML6.2 earthquake in 1992,beyond M_L6.0 earthquake happened every 12 years or so.Before 2017 to Mainling earthquake,seismicity is different before and after June,and the seismic activity is obviously stronger after June than thatbefore June.For the spatial distribution of earthquakes,the area with the strongest seismicity is near the epicenter of the Mainling earthquake in study area,which belongs to the intersection area of the Yarlung Zangbo river fault and Palong-Punxin fault.
引文
Aki K.1965.Maximum Likelihood Estimate of b in the Formula logN=a-bM and its Confidence Limits.Bulletin of the Earthquakes Research Institute,43:237-239.
Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F,et al.2015.Upper mantle anisotropy of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions from shear wave splitting analysis.Science China:Earth Sciences(in Chinese),58(10):1872-1882,doi:10.1007/s11430-015-5098-2.
Cheng C,Bai L,Ding L,et al.2017.Crustal structure of Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis revealed by receiver function method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(8):2969-2979,doi:10.6038/cjg20170806.
Devachandra M,Kundu B,Catherine J,et al.2014.Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements of crustal deformation across the frontal eastern Himalayan syntaxis and seismic-hazard assessment.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,104(3):1518-1524.
Feng J G,Jiang C S,Han L B,et al.2012.Analysis on the monitoring capability of seismic networks and completeness of earthquake catalogues in Gansu region.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),34(5):646-658.
Hallet B,Molnar P.2001.Distorted drainage basins as markers of crustal strain east of the Himalaya.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,106(B7):13697-13709.
Han J D,Yang J S,Liu S.2017.Seismicity study in Namche Barwa.∥Annual meeting of Chinese Geoscience Union(in Chinese).Beijing.
Holt W E,Ni J F,Wallace T C,et al.1991.The active tectonics of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,96(B9):14595-14632.
Hou J X,Wang B S.2017.Temporal evolution of seismicity before and after the 2014Ludian MS6.5earthquake.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(4):1446-1456,doi:10.6038/cjg20170418.
Li Y Z,Ying N,Li X H.2014.Review of the conversional relationship for different magnitude scales.China Earthquake Engineering Journal(in Chinese),36(1):80-87.
Liu R F,Chen Y T,Bormann P,et al.2005.Comparison between earthquake magnitudes determined by China seismograph network and US seismograph network:I.Body wave magnitude.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),27(6):583-587.
Liu Z R,Qian Z X,Wang W Q.1979.A sign of foreshocks-the attenuation of seismic frequency.Journal of Seismological Research(in Chinese),4:3-11.
Marzocchi W,Sandri L.2003.A review and new insights on the estimation of the b-value and its uncertainty.Annals of Geophysics,46(6):1271-1282.
Mukhopadhyay B,Dasgupta S.2015.Earthquake swarms near eastern Himalayan Syntaxis along Jiali Fault in Tibet:A seismotectonic appraisal.Geoscience Frontiers,6(5):715-722.
Ogata Y,Imoto M,Katsura K.1991.3-D spatial variation of bvalues of magnitude-frequency distribution beneath the Kanto District,Japan.Geophysical Journal International,104(1):135-146.
Ogata Y,Katsura K.1993.Analysis of temporal and spatial heterogeneity of magnitude frequency distribution inferred from earthquake catalogues.Geophysical Journal International,113(3):727-738.
Peng M,Jiang M,Chen Y L,et al.2017.Crustal structure under the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis seismic array and its geodynamic implications derived from receiver functions.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(1):70-85,doi:10.6038/cjg20170107.
Shao C R,You H C,Cao Z Q,et al.2008.Tectonic characteristics and seismic activities of Yaluzangbu grand canyon,Tibet,China.Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention(in Chinese),3(4):398-412.
Shao C R.2009.Seismicity of the Yarlung Tsangpo grand canyon region[Master′s thesis].Beijing:Institute of geophysics,China Earthquake Administration.
Shi Y L,Bolt B A.1982.The standard error of the magnitudefrequency bvalue.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,72(5):1677-1687.
Wang L,Li T X,Wang Y,et al.2015.Minimum magnitude of completeness for earthquake catalogues in Liaoning region.Seismological Research of Northeast China(in Chinese),31(4):20-24.
Wang P,Hou J X,Wu P.2017.Temporal evolution of the seismicity of the 2017Jiuzhaigou MS7.0earthquake sequence.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),33(4):453-462.
Wiemer S,Wyss M.2000.Minimum magnitude of completeness in earthquake catalogs:examples from Alaska,the Western United States,and Japan.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(4):859-869.
Xu Z Q,Cai Z H,Zhang Z M,et al.2008.Tectonics and fabric kinematics of the Namche Barwa terrane,Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),24(7):1463-1476.
Xu Z Q,Ji S C,Cai Z H,et al.2012.Kinematics and dynamics of the Namche Barwa Syntaxis,eastern Himalaya:Constraints from deformation,fabrics and geochronology.Gondwana Research,21(1):19-36.
Zeitler P K,Meltzer A S,Koons A O,et al.2001.Erosion,himalayan geodynamics,and the geomorphology of metamorphism.GSA Today,11(1):4-9.
Zeitler P K,Meltzer A S,Brown L,et al.2014.Tectonics and topographic evolution of Namche Barwa and the easternmost Lhasa block,Tibet.∥Toward an Improved Understanding of Uplift Mechanisms and the Elevation History of the Tibetan Plateau.Colorado:Geological Society of America,507:23-58.doi:10.1130/2014/20507(02)
Zhang X M,Du G B,Liu J,et al.2018.An M6.9earthquake at Mainling,Tibet on Nov.18,2017.Earth Plant.Phys,2:84-85.doi:10.26464/epp201800.
Zhang Z G,Liu Y H,Wang T W,et al.1992.Geology in Namche Barwa(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰等.2015.喜马拉雅东构造结及周边地区上地幔各向异性.中国科学:地球科学,45(5):577-588,doi:10.1007/s11430-015-5098-2.
程成,白玲,丁林等.2017.利用接收函数方法研究喜马拉雅东构造结地区地壳结构.地球物理学报,60(8):2969-2979,doi:10.6038/cjg20170806.
冯建刚,蒋长胜,韩立波等.2012.甘肃测震台网监测能力及地震目录完整性分析.地震学报,34(5):646-658.
韩佳东,杨建思,刘莎.2017.南迦巴瓦地震活动性研究.∥中国地球科学联合学术年会.北京.
侯金欣,王宝善.2017.2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震前后地震活动性.地球物理学报,60(4):1446-1456,doi:10.6038/cjg20170418.
李莹甄,殷娜,李小晗.2014.不同震级标度转换关系研究概述.地震工程学报,36(1):80-87.
刘瑞丰,陈运泰,Bormann P,等.2005.中国地震台网与美国地震台网测定震级的对比(Ⅰ)-体波震级.地震学报,27(6):583-587.
刘正荣,钱兆霞,王维清.前震的一个标志-地震频度的衰减.地震研究,1979(4):3-11.
彭淼,姜枚,Chen Y L等.2017.利用远震接收函数揭示的喜马拉雅东构造结台阵下方地壳结构及其动力学意义.地球物理学报,60(1):70-85,doi:10.6038/cjg20170107.
邵翠茹,尤惠川,曹忠权等.2008.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区构造和地震活动特征.震灾防御技术,3(4):398-412.
邵翠茹.2009.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区地震活动性研究[硕士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所.
王亮,李彤霞,王岩等.2015.辽宁地区地震目录最小完整性震级研究.防灾减灾学报,31(4):20-24.
王鹏,侯金欣,吴朋.2017.2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震序列活动特征分析.中国地震,33(4):453-462.
许志琴,蔡志慧,张泽明等.2008.喜马拉雅东构造结---南迦巴瓦构造及组构运动学.岩石学报,24(7):1463-1476.
章振根,刘玉海,王天武等.1992.南迦巴瓦峰地区地质.北京:科学出版社.
Chang L J,Wang C Y,Ding Z F,et al.2015.Upper mantle anisotropy of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions from shear wave splitting analysis.Science China:Earth Sciences(in Chinese),58(10):1872-1882,doi:10.1007/s11430-015-5098-2.
Cheng C,Bai L,Ding L,et al.2017.Crustal structure of Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis revealed by receiver function method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(8):2969-2979,doi:10.6038/cjg20170806.
Devachandra M,Kundu B,Catherine J,et al.2014.Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements of crustal deformation across the frontal eastern Himalayan syntaxis and seismic-hazard assessment.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,104(3):1518-1524.
Feng J G,Jiang C S,Han L B,et al.2012.Analysis on the monitoring capability of seismic networks and completeness of earthquake catalogues in Gansu region.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),34(5):646-658.
Hallet B,Molnar P.2001.Distorted drainage basins as markers of crustal strain east of the Himalaya.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,106(B7):13697-13709.
Han J D,Yang J S,Liu S.2017.Seismicity study in Namche Barwa.∥Annual meeting of Chinese Geoscience Union(in Chinese).Beijing.
Holt W E,Ni J F,Wallace T C,et al.1991.The active tectonics of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,96(B9):14595-14632.
Hou J X,Wang B S.2017.Temporal evolution of seismicity before and after the 2014Ludian MS6.5earthquake.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(4):1446-1456,doi:10.6038/cjg20170418.
Li Y Z,Ying N,Li X H.2014.Review of the conversional relationship for different magnitude scales.China Earthquake Engineering Journal(in Chinese),36(1):80-87.
Liu R F,Chen Y T,Bormann P,et al.2005.Comparison between earthquake magnitudes determined by China seismograph network and US seismograph network:I.Body wave magnitude.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),27(6):583-587.
Liu Z R,Qian Z X,Wang W Q.1979.A sign of foreshocks-the attenuation of seismic frequency.Journal of Seismological Research(in Chinese),4:3-11.
Marzocchi W,Sandri L.2003.A review and new insights on the estimation of the b-value and its uncertainty.Annals of Geophysics,46(6):1271-1282.
Mukhopadhyay B,Dasgupta S.2015.Earthquake swarms near eastern Himalayan Syntaxis along Jiali Fault in Tibet:A seismotectonic appraisal.Geoscience Frontiers,6(5):715-722.
Ogata Y,Imoto M,Katsura K.1991.3-D spatial variation of bvalues of magnitude-frequency distribution beneath the Kanto District,Japan.Geophysical Journal International,104(1):135-146.
Ogata Y,Katsura K.1993.Analysis of temporal and spatial heterogeneity of magnitude frequency distribution inferred from earthquake catalogues.Geophysical Journal International,113(3):727-738.
Peng M,Jiang M,Chen Y L,et al.2017.Crustal structure under the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis seismic array and its geodynamic implications derived from receiver functions.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(1):70-85,doi:10.6038/cjg20170107.
Shao C R,You H C,Cao Z Q,et al.2008.Tectonic characteristics and seismic activities of Yaluzangbu grand canyon,Tibet,China.Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention(in Chinese),3(4):398-412.
Shao C R.2009.Seismicity of the Yarlung Tsangpo grand canyon region[Master′s thesis].Beijing:Institute of geophysics,China Earthquake Administration.
Shi Y L,Bolt B A.1982.The standard error of the magnitudefrequency bvalue.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,72(5):1677-1687.
Wang L,Li T X,Wang Y,et al.2015.Minimum magnitude of completeness for earthquake catalogues in Liaoning region.Seismological Research of Northeast China(in Chinese),31(4):20-24.
Wang P,Hou J X,Wu P.2017.Temporal evolution of the seismicity of the 2017Jiuzhaigou MS7.0earthquake sequence.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),33(4):453-462.
Wiemer S,Wyss M.2000.Minimum magnitude of completeness in earthquake catalogs:examples from Alaska,the Western United States,and Japan.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(4):859-869.
Xu Z Q,Cai Z H,Zhang Z M,et al.2008.Tectonics and fabric kinematics of the Namche Barwa terrane,Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),24(7):1463-1476.
Xu Z Q,Ji S C,Cai Z H,et al.2012.Kinematics and dynamics of the Namche Barwa Syntaxis,eastern Himalaya:Constraints from deformation,fabrics and geochronology.Gondwana Research,21(1):19-36.
Zeitler P K,Meltzer A S,Koons A O,et al.2001.Erosion,himalayan geodynamics,and the geomorphology of metamorphism.GSA Today,11(1):4-9.
Zeitler P K,Meltzer A S,Brown L,et al.2014.Tectonics and topographic evolution of Namche Barwa and the easternmost Lhasa block,Tibet.∥Toward an Improved Understanding of Uplift Mechanisms and the Elevation History of the Tibetan Plateau.Colorado:Geological Society of America,507:23-58.doi:10.1130/2014/20507(02)
Zhang X M,Du G B,Liu J,et al.2018.An M6.9earthquake at Mainling,Tibet on Nov.18,2017.Earth Plant.Phys,2:84-85.doi:10.26464/epp201800.
Zhang Z G,Liu Y H,Wang T W,et al.1992.Geology in Namche Barwa(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press.
常利军,王椿镛,丁志峰等.2015.喜马拉雅东构造结及周边地区上地幔各向异性.中国科学:地球科学,45(5):577-588,doi:10.1007/s11430-015-5098-2.
程成,白玲,丁林等.2017.利用接收函数方法研究喜马拉雅东构造结地区地壳结构.地球物理学报,60(8):2969-2979,doi:10.6038/cjg20170806.
冯建刚,蒋长胜,韩立波等.2012.甘肃测震台网监测能力及地震目录完整性分析.地震学报,34(5):646-658.
韩佳东,杨建思,刘莎.2017.南迦巴瓦地震活动性研究.∥中国地球科学联合学术年会.北京.
侯金欣,王宝善.2017.2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震前后地震活动性.地球物理学报,60(4):1446-1456,doi:10.6038/cjg20170418.
李莹甄,殷娜,李小晗.2014.不同震级标度转换关系研究概述.地震工程学报,36(1):80-87.
刘瑞丰,陈运泰,Bormann P,等.2005.中国地震台网与美国地震台网测定震级的对比(Ⅰ)-体波震级.地震学报,27(6):583-587.
刘正荣,钱兆霞,王维清.前震的一个标志-地震频度的衰减.地震研究,1979(4):3-11.
彭淼,姜枚,Chen Y L等.2017.利用远震接收函数揭示的喜马拉雅东构造结台阵下方地壳结构及其动力学意义.地球物理学报,60(1):70-85,doi:10.6038/cjg20170107.
邵翠茹,尤惠川,曹忠权等.2008.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区构造和地震活动特征.震灾防御技术,3(4):398-412.
邵翠茹.2009.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区地震活动性研究[硕士论文].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所.
王亮,李彤霞,王岩等.2015.辽宁地区地震目录最小完整性震级研究.防灾减灾学报,31(4):20-24.
王鹏,侯金欣,吴朋.2017.2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震序列活动特征分析.中国地震,33(4):453-462.
许志琴,蔡志慧,张泽明等.2008.喜马拉雅东构造结---南迦巴瓦构造及组构运动学.岩石学报,24(7):1463-1476.
章振根,刘玉海,王天武等.1992.南迦巴瓦峰地区地质.北京:科学出版社.