热带香蕉园地土壤呼吸变化特征及其与环境因子的关系
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摘要
香蕉园是海南重要的农田生态系统类型。为了探明香蕉园地土壤呼吸的变化特征及其与环境因子之间的关系,2016年11月—2017年10月运用LI-8100A土壤呼吸测量系统对海南澄迈香蕉园地行间与株间的土壤呼吸进行系统监测分析。结果表明:香蕉园地行间、株间土壤CO_2通量日变化均呈现出昼高夜低的特点,但株间土壤CO_2通量日最大值出现时间较行间要晚1.5 h左右,株间土壤CO_2通量高于行间,二者之间存在显著差异(p <0.05);香蕉园地月尺度行间与株间的土壤CO_2通量均存在显著差异(p <0.05),行间各月土壤CO_2通量均值为1.17～2.19μmol·(m~2·s)~(-1),而株间为2.02～5.96μmol·(m~2·s)~(-1);日尺度香蕉园地行间土壤CO_2通量与土壤温度、大气温度、土壤体积含水量存在极显著正相关关系(p <0.01),株间土壤CO_2通量与土壤温度、大气温度存在极显著正相关关系(p <0.01),与土壤体积含水量相关性不显著(p> 0.05);月尺度土壤温度对行间土壤CO_2通量变化有显著影响(p <0.05),香蕉植株生长对株间土壤CO_2通量变化影响显著(p <0.01),而其他因子的影响均未达到显著水平。研究结果丰富了热带农田土壤CO_2通量研究资料,为热带农田土壤碳源–汇的准确评估提供了数据支持。
Banana plantation is an important type of agro-ecosystem in Hainan. To reveal the temporal and spatial variations of soil respiration in banana plantations and its relationship with environmental factors, the experiment was conducted to monitor soil CO_2 fluxes of sampling sites in rows(between plants) and between rows in banana plantations by LI-8100 soil CO_2 flux system from November 2016 to October 2017 in Chengmai, Hainan. The results showed that the soil CO_2 fluxes was high during the day and low at night in rows and between rows, and the soil CO_2 fluxes in rows were higher than that between rows at the same time, and the difference was significant in banana plantations(p < 0.05). The maximal soil CO_2 flux appeared about 1.5 hours later in rows than that between rows. There was a significant difference in soil CO_2 fluxes between rows and between plants on the scale of month in the banana plantations(p < 0.05). The average soil CO_2 flux was1.17 to 2.19 μmol·(m2·s)-1 in each month between rows, and it was 2.02 to 5.96 μmol·(m~2·s)~(-1) between plants. Under the day scale, there was a significant positive correlation between soil CO_2 flux and soil temperature, atmospheric temperature,and soil water(p < 0.01) between rows in banana plantations. There was also a significant positive correlation between soil CO_2 flux and soil temperature and atmospheric temperature(p < 0.01), and the correlation with soil water was not significant(p > 0.05). Under the month scale, the soil temperature had a significant effect on the soil CO_2 flux between the rows(p <0.05), and the growth of banana plant had a significant effect on the CO_2 flux of the soil between the plants(p < 0.01). But the effects of other factors did not reach significant levels(p > 0.05). The results of this study indicated the relationship between soil CO_2 flux and environmental factors in tropical banana fields, and enriched the CO_2 flux research data of tropical farmland, and provided data support for accurate assessment of soil carbon source-sinks in tropical farmland.
Banana plantation is an important type of agro-ecosystem in Hainan. To reveal the temporal and spatial variations of soil respiration in banana plantations and its relationship with environmental factors, the experiment was conducted to monitor soil CO_2 fluxes of sampling sites in rows(between plants) and between rows in banana plantations by LI-8100 soil CO_2 flux system from November 2016 to October 2017 in Chengmai, Hainan. The results showed that the soil CO_2 fluxes was high during the day and low at night in rows and between rows, and the soil CO_2 fluxes in rows were higher than that between rows at the same time, and the difference was significant in banana plantations(p < 0.05). The maximal soil CO_2 flux appeared about 1.5 hours later in rows than that between rows. There was a significant difference in soil CO_2 fluxes between rows and between plants on the scale of month in the banana plantations(p < 0.05). The average soil CO_2 flux was1.17 to 2.19 μmol·(m2·s)-1 in each month between rows, and it was 2.02 to 5.96 μmol·(m~2·s)~(-1) between plants. Under the day scale, there was a significant positive correlation between soil CO_2 flux and soil temperature, atmospheric temperature,and soil water(p < 0.01) between rows in banana plantations. There was also a significant positive correlation between soil CO_2 flux and soil temperature and atmospheric temperature(p < 0.01), and the correlation with soil water was not significant(p > 0.05). Under the month scale, the soil temperature had a significant effect on the soil CO_2 flux between the rows(p <0.05), and the growth of banana plant had a significant effect on the CO_2 flux of the soil between the plants(p < 0.01). But the effects of other factors did not reach significant levels(p > 0.05). The results of this study indicated the relationship between soil CO_2 flux and environmental factors in tropical banana fields, and enriched the CO_2 flux research data of tropical farmland, and provided data support for accurate assessment of soil carbon source-sinks in tropical farmland.
引文
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[16]魏珊珊,李龙江,李迎春,等.喷涂吡啶尿素对夏玉米/冬小麦轮作体系温室气体排放的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(6):13-19.
[17]王亚军,郁珊珊.西双版纳热带季雨林土壤呼吸变化规律及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):133-138,144.
[18]刘远,潘根兴,张辉,等.大气CO2浓度和温度升高对麦田土壤呼吸和酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(8):1484-1491.
[19]陈述悦,李俊,陆佩玲,等.华北平原麦田土壤呼吸特征[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(9):1552-1560.
[20] BAE K,LEE D K,FAHEY T J,et al. Seasonal variation of soil respiration rates in a secondary forest and agroforestry systems[J].Agroforestry Systems,2013,87(1):131-139.
[21] WANG D,WU G L,LIU Y,et al. Effects of grazing exclusion on CO2fluxes in a steppe grassland on the Loess Plateau(China)[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,83(10):169-175.
[22]徐文娴,卓志清,赵从举,等.海口城市草坪绿地土壤CO2通量时间变化及其环境解释——以海南师范大学南校区为例[J].草业科学,2017,34(1):51-58.
[23]谢明德,陈明智,吴蔚东,等.施肥及环境因子对海南热带橡胶林土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(3):430-438.
[2] RAICH J W,TUFEKCIOGUL A. Vegetation and soil respiration:correlations and controls[J]. Biogeochemistry,2000,48(1):71-90.
[3]宋启亮,董希斌.大兴安岭5种类型低质林土壤呼吸日变化及影响因素[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(9):77-82.
[4]姜艳,王兵,汪玉如,等.亚热带林分土壤呼吸及其与土壤温湿度关系的模型模拟[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(7):1641-1648.
[5]卢华正,沙丽清,王君,等.西双版纳热带季节雨林与橡胶林土壤呼吸的季节变化[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2315-2322.
[6]郭明英,朝克图,尤金成,等.不同利用方式下草地土壤微生物及土壤呼吸特性[J].草地学报,2012,20(1):42-48.
[7]旦增塔庆,旭日,魏学红,等.西藏纳木错高寒草原/高寒草甸和沼泽化草甸主要温室气体通量对比研究[J].草地学报,2014,22(3):493-501.
[8]吴志祥,谢贵水,杨川,等.幼龄胶园间种对土壤微生物作用的影响[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(9):1325-1329.
[9]李长生,肖向明,FROLKING S,等.中国农田的温室气体排放[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(5):493-503.
[10]韩广轩,周广胜,许振柱.中国农田生态系统土壤呼吸作用研究与展望[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(3):719-733.
[11]杨建军,吕光辉,张燕,等.艾比湖流域土壤呼吸日变化及水热因子影响[J].新疆农业科学,2009,46(2):223-231.
[12]曹兴,陈荣毅,蔡新婷,等.干旱区绿洲棉田土壤呼吸日变化特征分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):156-162.
[13]任涛,李俊良,张宏威,等.设施菜田土壤呼吸速率日变化特征分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(10):1217-1224.
[14]赵倩,刘文杰,陈生云,等.祁连山疏勒河上游多年冻土区高寒草甸土壤CO2通量特征[J].冰川冻土,2014,36(6):1572-1581.
[15]周小平,王效科,张红星,等.黄土高原小麦田土壤呼吸季节和年际变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(23):7525-7536.
[16]魏珊珊,李龙江,李迎春,等.喷涂吡啶尿素对夏玉米/冬小麦轮作体系温室气体排放的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(6):13-19.
[17]王亚军,郁珊珊.西双版纳热带季雨林土壤呼吸变化规律及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):133-138,144.
[18]刘远,潘根兴,张辉,等.大气CO2浓度和温度升高对麦田土壤呼吸和酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(8):1484-1491.
[19]陈述悦,李俊,陆佩玲,等.华北平原麦田土壤呼吸特征[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(9):1552-1560.
[20] BAE K,LEE D K,FAHEY T J,et al. Seasonal variation of soil respiration rates in a secondary forest and agroforestry systems[J].Agroforestry Systems,2013,87(1):131-139.
[21] WANG D,WU G L,LIU Y,et al. Effects of grazing exclusion on CO2fluxes in a steppe grassland on the Loess Plateau(China)[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,83(10):169-175.
[22]徐文娴,卓志清,赵从举,等.海口城市草坪绿地土壤CO2通量时间变化及其环境解释——以海南师范大学南校区为例[J].草业科学,2017,34(1):51-58.
[23]谢明德,陈明智,吴蔚东,等.施肥及环境因子对海南热带橡胶林土壤呼吸的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(3):430-438.
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