摘要
近年来,恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率逐年上升,对于中晚期患者,已失去手术治疗的意义,化疗是目前最主要的治疗方式,也是恶性肿瘤最常规的治疗方法,而骨髓抑制则是化疗最常产生的毒性反应,严重甚至可危及生命,白细胞减少就是骨髓抑制最明显的表现。针灸作为我国的传统疗法,对于化疗后骨髓抑制有独特的优势,本文将从中西医对骨髓抑制的认识、针灸的治疗方法、腧穴的选择、治疗机制以及展望与不足几个方面进行分析总结。
引文
[1]Chen WQ.Cancer statistics:updated cancer burden in China[J].Chinese Journal of Cancer Research,2015,27(1):1.
[2]世界卫生组织.2014年世界癌症报告[R].日内瓦:世界卫生组织(WHO),2014.
[3]张秋荣,陈婷,于康,等.多靶点蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂类抗肿瘤药物的研究进展[J].海峡药学,2012,24(2):7-10.
[4]Wang Y,Probin V,Zhou D.Cancer therapy-induced residual bone marrowinjury-Mechanisms of induction and implication for therapy[J]Curr Cancer Ther Rev,2006,2(3):271-279.
[5]Wickremasinghe RG,Hoffbrand AV.Biochemical and genetic control of apoptosis:relevance to normal hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies[J].Blood,1999,93(11):3587-600.
[6]Hellman S,Botnick LE.Stem cell depletion:an explanation of the late effects of cytotoxins[J].Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1977,2(1-2):181-184.
[7]Toussaint O,Medrano EE,von Zglinicki T.Cellular and molecular mechanisms of stress-induced premature senescence(SIPS)of human diploid fibroblasts and melanocytes[J].Exp Gerontol,2000,35(8):927-945.
[8]金玉晶.针灸对环磷酰胺化疗小鼠骨髓组织中黏附因子ICAM-1、VCAM-1蛋白表达的研究[D].郑州:河南中医学院,2010.
[9]滕迎春.针灸对健康小鼠环磷酰胺所致骨髓抑制Notch信号通路影响的研究[D].武汉:湖北中医药大学,2015.
[10]王宇皓.火针四花穴对恶性肿瘤化疗毒副反应的影响[D].广州:广州中医药大学,2014.
[11]郑红刚,朴炳奎.浅议放化疗毒副作用的中医病因[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2007,13(10):751-752.
[12]储真真,陈信义,李宏.对化疗后骨髓抑制的中医临床理论探讨与防治对策[J].中华中医药杂志,2005,20(11):676-679.
[13]Saloustros E,Tryfonidis K,Georgoulias V.Prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in chemotherapy-induced neutropenia[J].Exper Opin Pharmacother,2011,12(6):851-863.
[14]Lieschke GJ,Burgess AW.Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(1)[J].NEngl JMed,1992,327(1):28-35.
[15]Crawford J,Dale DC,Kuderer NM,et al.Risk and timing of neutropenic events in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy:the results of a prospective nationwide study of oncology practice[J].J N atl Compr Canc Netw,2008,6(2):109-118.
[16]Balducci L,Al-Halawani H,Charu V,et al.Elderly cancer patients receiving chemotherapy benefit from first-cycle pegfilgrastim[J].Oncologist,2007,12(12):1416-1424.
[17]Plachouras D,Giannitsioti E,Athanassia S,et al.No effect of pyridoxine on the incidence of myelosuppression during prolonged linezolid treatment[J].Clin Infect Dis,2006,43(9):e89-e91.
[18]Du X,Williams DA.Interleukin-11:reviewofmolecular,cell biology,and clinical use[J].Blood,1997,89(11):3897-3908.
[19]Kuter DJ,Begley CG.Recombinant human thrombopoietin:basic biology and evaluation ofclinical studies[J].Blood,2002,100(10):3457-3469.
[20]Heuer L,Blumenberg D.Management of bleeding in a multi-transfused patient with positive HLA class I alloantibodies and thrombocytopenia associated with platelet dysfunction refractory to transfusion of crossmatched platelets[J].Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis,2005,16(4):287-290.
[21]Blumberg N,Heal JM,Gettings KF.WBC reduction of RBC transfusions is associated with a decreased incidence of RBC alloimmunization[J].Transfusion,2003,43(7):945-952.
[22]Lv M,Huang XJ.Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China:where we are and where to go[J].Journal of Hematology&Oncology,2012,5(1):10.
[23]金楠,陈宝安.非清髓性异基因造血干细胞移植的基础实验及临床研究[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2009,13(10):1955-1958.
[24]Zeuner A,Signore M,Martinetti D,et al.Chemotherapy-inducedthrombocytopenia derives from the selective death of megakaryocyte progenitors and can be rescued by stem cell factor[J].Cancer Res,2007,67(10):4767-4773.
[25]Bartucci M,Dattilo R,Martinetti D,et al.Prevention of chemotherapy-induced anemia and thrombocytopenia by constant administration of stem cell factor[J].Clin Cancer Res,2011,17(19):6185-6191.
[26]武迎磊,崔向丽,袁耀辉,等.抗肿瘤药物引起骨髓抑制的预防及治疗[J].药品评价2010,7(14):30-36.
[27]褚松龄,林蓉燕,张前进,等.四物汤对恶性肿瘤放化疗后血虚证患者的影响[J].中国临床药理学杂志,2015,31(6):435-438.
[28]王穆,让蔚清,张琪,等.四物汤对环磷酰胺所致血虚证治疗后的代谢组学研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(5):630-634.
[29]陈育民,陈晓洁,刘晓霞,等.八珍汤对化疗后荷瘤小鼠脾T细胞及血清细胞因子的影响[J].中国免疫学杂志,2013,29(11):1165-1167.
[30]肖文冲.六味地黄丸与桂附地黄丸对放化疗所致骨髓抑制小鼠造血影响的比较研究[J].医药卫生科技,2011(S1):41-44.
[31]李静.红景天多糖对骨髓抑制小鼠造血调控的实验研究[D].成都:成都中医药大学,2007.
[32]黄灿,冼绍祥,马春涛,等.黄芪甲苷预处理抑制无血清及缺氧诱导MSCS凋亡作用机制的研究[J].中药新药与临床药理,2015,26(6):754-759.
[33]Zhao XX,Huang XM,Wang HP,et al.Effect of acupuncture-moxibustion on bone marrow suppression an leukocytes after chemotherapy[J].JAcupunct Tuina Sci,2011,9(6):331-335.
[34]于冬冬.针灸对CTX化疗荷瘤小鼠骨髓细胞中Notch信号通路相关差异基因调控的研究[D].武汉:湖北中医药大学,2015.
[35]路玫,肖婷婷,曹大明,等.针灸对骨髓抑制模型小鼠血清造血生长因子等含量的影响[J].中国针灸,2015,35(3):264-268.
[36]路玫,李昆珊,曹大明,等.针灸对环磷酰胺化疗小鼠骨髓细胞DNA含量动态变化的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,2016,31(9):3687-3690.
[37]赵喜新,黄喜梅,王和平,等.针灸对化疗后骨髓抑制及白细胞的影响[J].TuinaSci,2011,9(6):331-335.
[38]凌兰兴,吴桂甫,杨小叶,等.针刺对阿霉素所致大鼠骨髓抑制的保护作用[J]中国医药指南,2013,12(70):467-468.
[39]李秋荐,贾新焕,马玉静.针刺治疗肿瘤放化疗后白细胞减少症58例[J].河南中医药学刊,2002,17(1):53.
[40]林婉冰,周洁莹,蒋蓓,等.隔姜灸治疗多发性骨髓瘤化疗所致骨髓抑制疗效观察[J].上海针灸杂志,2017,36(7):816-820.
[41]张静.麦粒灸对化疗后骨髓抑制及生活质量影响的临床研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2014.
[42]钟志光.四花穴隔姜灸对肺癌患者化疗后副反应影响的临床研究[D].广州:广州中医药大学,2014.
[43]杨茜.温和灸治疗肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的临床观察[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2014.
[44]毕钰祯.电针防治恶性肿瘤化疗后骨髓抑制的临床研究[D].广州:广州中医药大学,2008.
[45]张银开.中药贴敷疗法防治化疗药物所致骨髓抑制副作用的临床研究[D].福州:福建中医学院,2003.
[46]孙帅.地塞米松穴位注射减轻妇科肿瘤化疗不良反应的前瞻性随机对照研究[D].上海:第二军医大学,2014.
[47]梁小宁.升板药联合针灸治疗化疗后骨髓抑制的临床观察[D].广西:广西中医药大学,2016.
[48]徐琳.针灸配合中药治疗白细胞减少症46例[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(6):19-20.
[49]徐红达,贾英杰,陈军,等.艾灸治疗化疗所致骨髓抑制的现状及经穴分析[J].肿瘤,2014,34(6):564-568.
[50]王华.针灸“足三里”“关元”穴对阳虚大鼠免疫功能影响的比较研究[J].中国针灸,2000,20(9):555-557.