不同管理模式下茶园节肢动物的群落结构
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摘要
为茶园生物多样性保护与利用提供理论依据,采用实地调查法研究湖南省有机茶园、无公害茶园和普通茶园节肢动物群落的差异。结果表明:有机茶园、无公害茶园和普通茶园生境的节肢动物群落具有一定的差异性;3类茶园皆以同翅目、鳞翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、蜱螨目和啮虫目为优势类群,黑刺粉虱、茶橙瘿螨、茶尺蠖和小绿叶蝉的数量分别占有机茶园、无公害茶园和普通茶园节肢动物总数的59.83%、56.17%和71.43%,天敌昆虫的数量分别占总数的10.76%、7.59%和5.79%。有机茶园的物种丰富度和多样性指数分别为102和1.56,显著高于无公害茶园(82和1.31)和普通茶园(79和1.23),害虫发生的数量明显低于其余两类茶园,主要天敌昆虫的发生频度明显高于其余两类茶园。
To provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and utilization of biodiversity in tea plantations,the field survey method was employed to study the differences of arthropod communities in organic tea plantation,non-pollution tea plantation and common tea plantation in Hunan Province.Results:There were certain differences of arthropod community in organic tea plantation,non-pollution tea plantation and common tea plantation;The three tea plantations were all dominated by Orders of Homoptera,Lepidoptera,Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Odonata and Corrodentia.Aleurocanthus spiniferus,Acaphylla theae,Ectropis oblique hypulina and Jacobiasca formosana accounted for 59.83%,56.17%,and 71.43% of the total number of arthropods in organic,non-pollution and common tea plantations,respectively.In addition,the proportion of natural enemies of insects accounted for 10.76%,7.59% and5.79%,respectively.The species richness and diversity index of organic tea plantation(102,1.56)were significantly higher than those of non-polluted(82,1.31)and common tea plantations(79,1.23).The quantity of pests in organic plantation was obviously lower than that of the other two tea plantations,and the frequency of major natural enemies of insect in organic plantation was significantly higher than other two tea plantations.
To provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and utilization of biodiversity in tea plantations,the field survey method was employed to study the differences of arthropod communities in organic tea plantation,non-pollution tea plantation and common tea plantation in Hunan Province.Results:There were certain differences of arthropod community in organic tea plantation,non-pollution tea plantation and common tea plantation;The three tea plantations were all dominated by Orders of Homoptera,Lepidoptera,Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Odonata and Corrodentia.Aleurocanthus spiniferus,Acaphylla theae,Ectropis oblique hypulina and Jacobiasca formosana accounted for 59.83%,56.17%,and 71.43% of the total number of arthropods in organic,non-pollution and common tea plantations,respectively.In addition,the proportion of natural enemies of insects accounted for 10.76%,7.59% and5.79%,respectively.The species richness and diversity index of organic tea plantation(102,1.56)were significantly higher than those of non-polluted(82,1.31)and common tea plantations(79,1.23).The quantity of pests in organic plantation was obviously lower than that of the other two tea plantations,and the frequency of major natural enemies of insect in organic plantation was significantly higher than other two tea plantations.
引文
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[12]黎健龙,黎华寿,黎秀娣,等.广东英德茶区蜘蛛群落结构及多样性研究[J].茶叶科学,2014,34(3):253-260.
[13]董振隆,殷山山,文易进,等.间作玉米对花椒园昆虫群落结构及稳定性的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(5):647-653.
[14]刘晨,陈国华,唐嘉义,等.不同茶园昆虫群落结构及稳定性分析[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2010,25(6):786-790.
[15]付志飞,付耀祖.施用化肥农药对稻田飞虱和天敌种群的影响[J].农业灾害研究,2015(1):7-8.
[16]彭萍,李品武,侯渝嘉,等.不同生态茶园昆虫群落多样性研究[J].植物保护,2006,32(4):67-70.
[17]尤民生,刘雨芳,侯有朋.农田生物多样性与害虫综合治理[J].生态学报,2003,24(1):117-122.
[18]李志刚,李军,韩诗畴.近30年来深圳福田红树林昆虫群落特征及其对生境变化的响应[J].环境昆虫学报,2017(5):1081-1089.
[19]苏志刚,房岩,孙刚,等.长春南湖公园土壤昆虫群落结构及其与人为干扰强度的关系[J].北方园艺,2013(5):118-120.
[20]戴轩.灭幼脲I号对茶园昆虫群落多样性影响的初步研究[J].贵州农业科学,1999,27(4):52-53.
[2]张汉鹄.中国茶树害虫及其无公害治理[J].应用昆虫学报,2006(2):183-183.
[3]谭济才,邓欣,袁哲明.不同类型茶园昆虫、蜘蛛群落结构分析[J].生态学报,1996,18(3):289-294.
[4]禹利君.有机茶病虫害的防治[J].湖南农业,2014(10):40-41.
[5]韩宝瑜,周鹏,崔林,等.不同管理方式的茶园生境中茶尺蠖及其天敌密度的差异[J].植物保护学报,2007(1):15-21.
[6]庞冬辉,肖润林,侯柏华,等.生态管理对茶园节肢动物群落结构和多样性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1272-1276.
[7]黎健龙,黎华寿,黎秀娣,等.广东英德茶区蜘蛛群落结构及多样性研究[J].茶叶科学,2014,34(3):253-260.
[8]邓欣,谭济才.生态控制茶园内害虫、天敌种类及数量的季节变化规律[J].生态学报,2002,22(7):1166-1172.
[9]王井士,马晓慧,桑海旭.辽河三角洲稻区优势天敌种类调查分析[J].植物保护,2015(1):163-165.
[10]曾维爱,李密,谭琳,等.长沙烟区天敌昆虫物种多样性及其与主要害虫的消长动态[J].中国烟草科学,2016,37(5):63-67.
[11]潘铖,韩善捷,韩宝瑜.管理模式对4类茶园节肢动物群落时空格局和多样性影响[J].茶叶科学,2015(4):316-322.
[12]黎健龙,黎华寿,黎秀娣,等.广东英德茶区蜘蛛群落结构及多样性研究[J].茶叶科学,2014,34(3):253-260.
[13]董振隆,殷山山,文易进,等.间作玉米对花椒园昆虫群落结构及稳定性的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(5):647-653.
[14]刘晨,陈国华,唐嘉义,等.不同茶园昆虫群落结构及稳定性分析[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2010,25(6):786-790.
[15]付志飞,付耀祖.施用化肥农药对稻田飞虱和天敌种群的影响[J].农业灾害研究,2015(1):7-8.
[16]彭萍,李品武,侯渝嘉,等.不同生态茶园昆虫群落多样性研究[J].植物保护,2006,32(4):67-70.
[17]尤民生,刘雨芳,侯有朋.农田生物多样性与害虫综合治理[J].生态学报,2003,24(1):117-122.
[18]李志刚,李军,韩诗畴.近30年来深圳福田红树林昆虫群落特征及其对生境变化的响应[J].环境昆虫学报,2017(5):1081-1089.
[19]苏志刚,房岩,孙刚,等.长春南湖公园土壤昆虫群落结构及其与人为干扰强度的关系[J].北方园艺,2013(5):118-120.
[20]戴轩.灭幼脲I号对茶园昆虫群落多样性影响的初步研究[J].贵州农业科学,1999,27(4):52-53.