2种模式联合评估医疗放射工作人员职业紧张水平及其影响因素
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摘要
目的探讨2种职业紧张理论模式下医疗放射工作人员职业紧张水平及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样法,以广东省632名在职医疗放射工作人员为研究对象,采用中文版《工作内容问卷》和《付出-回报失衡问卷》分别对研究对象进行工作要求-自主(JDC)和付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式职业紧张评估。结果研究对象的JDC模式职业紧张检出率为43. 8%(277/632),ERI模式职业紧张检出率为38. 6%(244/632)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,日工作时间> 8 h、周工作时间> 40 h的医疗放射工作人员存在更高的JDC职业紧张风险(P <0. 01);30. 0～岁、公立医疗机构、日工作时间> 8 h、周工作时间> 40 h的医疗放射工作人员存在更高的ERI职业紧张风险(P <0. 01)。结论 2种理论模式下,医疗放射工作人员存在一定程度的职业紧张。年龄、医疗机构类别、日工作时间和周工作时间是职业紧张的主要影响因素。
Objective To explore the status of occupational stress and its influencing factors in medical radiation workers using two occupational stress measurement models. Methods A total of 632 medical radiation workers from Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects using cluster sampling method. Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to assess occupational stress with job demand-control( JDC) and effort-reward imbalance( ERI) models. Results The rate of occupational stress in the study subjects was 43. 8%( 277/632) using the JDC model. The rate of occupational stress was 38. 6%( 244/632) using the ERI model. The multivariate logistic analysis results showed that the risk of JDC occupational stress was higher in workers with more than 8 hours work daily and more than 40 hours weekly( P < 0. 01). The risk of ERI occupational stress was higher in the workers with age of30. 0-40. 0,public medical institutions,daily work more than 8 hours and weekly work more than 40 hours( P < 0. 01).Conclusion Under the two theoretical models,medical radiation workers have a certain degree of occupational stress. The age,medical institution type,daily and weekly work hours are the main factors affecting occupational stress.
Objective To explore the status of occupational stress and its influencing factors in medical radiation workers using two occupational stress measurement models. Methods A total of 632 medical radiation workers from Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects using cluster sampling method. Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire and Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to assess occupational stress with job demand-control( JDC) and effort-reward imbalance( ERI) models. Results The rate of occupational stress in the study subjects was 43. 8%( 277/632) using the JDC model. The rate of occupational stress was 38. 6%( 244/632) using the ERI model. The multivariate logistic analysis results showed that the risk of JDC occupational stress was higher in workers with more than 8 hours work daily and more than 40 hours weekly( P < 0. 01). The risk of ERI occupational stress was higher in the workers with age of30. 0-40. 0,public medical institutions,daily work more than 8 hours and weekly work more than 40 hours( P < 0. 01).Conclusion Under the two theoretical models,medical radiation workers have a certain degree of occupational stress. The age,medical institution type,daily and weekly work hours are the main factors affecting occupational stress.
引文
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[2]黄承雷,苏惠娴.广州市基层医院放射人员职业紧张调查[J].现代医院,2016,16(8):1200-1204.
[3]戴俊明.职业应激评估方法与早期健康效应[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2008:6-18.
[4]YU S,GU G,ZHOU W,et al.Psychosocial work envimnment and well-being:c ross-sectional study in athemal power plant in China[J].Occup Health,2008,50(2):155-162.
[5]余善法.职业紧张评价与控制[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2018:93-101.
[6]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业健康促进名词术语:GBZ/T 296-2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[7]LOTFIZADEH M,MOAZEN B,HABIBI E,et al.Occupational stress among male employees of Esfahan steel company,Iran:prevalence and associated factors[J].Int J Prev Med,2013,4(7):803-808.
[8]HAUK M,CHODKIEWICZ J.The role of general and occupational stress in the relationship between workaholism and work-family/family-work conflicts[J].Int J Occup Med Environ Health,2013,26(3):383-393.
[9]赵容,徐金平,杨璇,等.劳动密集型电子企业员工心理资本对职业紧张的影响[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(6):697-701.
[10]刘志婷,李华亮,刘润忠,等.两种测量模式分析广东省某供电局职工职业紧张现况[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2015,19(9):941-944.
[11]张永明.杭州某开发区基层医务人员组织忠诚度及相关因素分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[12]王恰,杨爱初,黄伟欣,等.广东省放射工作人员职业紧张水平调查[J].中国职业医学,2016,43(3):308-311.
[13]LEE K H,KIM J E,KIM Y K,et al.Long working hours and emotional well-being in Korean manufacturing industry employees[J].Ann Occup Environ Med,2013,25(1):25-38.
[14]LEE K,SUH C,KIM J E,et al.The impact of long working hours on psychosocial stress response among white-collar workers[J].Ind Health,2017,55(1):46-53.
[15]OSHIO T,TSUTSUMI A,INOUE A.The association between job stress and leisure-time physical inactivity adjusted for individual attributes:evidence from a Japanese occupational cohort survey[J].Scand J Work Environ Health,2016,42(3):228-236.
[16]李赞,戴俊明,张丹,等.国家电网某公司员工长工时对职业应激和抑郁的影响[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2018,36,(4):271-274.
[17]冀晓丽.接触低剂量电离辐射作业人员职业紧张与工作能力关系的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2008.
[18]邓建国,付侠,王瑞琼,等.放射科医护人员职业紧张与个体疲劳水平的相关性[J].职业与健康,2015,31(23):3213-3216.