不同干扰程度下土壤盐分和有机质空间变异特征
|
摘要
为明确人类活动影响下土壤盐分和有机质的空间变化特征,对新疆阜康市土壤实地定点取样,基于GIS和地统计学方法,分析不同人为干扰程度下土壤盐分和有机质的相关性及空间变异特征。结果表明:1)随干扰程度的增加,土壤盐分含量逐渐增加,有机质含量逐渐减小,两者变异系数在15.45%～60.19%,均属中等变异;2)各干扰程度下土壤盐分和有机质的相关性为:相对无人为干扰区>人为干扰区>重度人为干扰区,相关系数分别为:-0.614、-0.412、0.043;3)干扰程度越大,土壤盐分和有机质受随机因素作用越来越强,相对无人为干扰区两者块基比为12.5%和9.68%,具有强烈的空间相关性;4)Kriging插值结果为:相对无人为干扰和人为干扰区土壤盐分高、有机质低分布区域具有一致性,重度人为干扰区两者分布复杂,关系不明显。研究结果可为盐渍土的改良利用及人类合理适度开垦提供参考。
In order to clarify the spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity and organic matter under the influence of human activities, based on GIS and geostatistical methods, this paper analyzed the correlation and spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity and organic matter under different degrees of human interference by sampling the soil in the site of Fukang City, Xinjiang. The results showed that: 1) with the increase of interference, the content of soil salinity increased gradually, while the organic matter content decreased gradually, and their coefficient of variation was between 15.45% and 60.19%, which was medium variation; 2) under different disturbance degrees, the correlation between salinity and organic matter was in the sequence of area relatively free from human interference>area with human interference>area with heavy human interference, and the correlation coefficients were-0.614,-0.412, 0.043, respectively; 3) the greater the interference degree, the stronger the effect of random factors on soil salinity and organic matter would be, and the block base ratio of soil salinity and organic matter was 12.5% and 9.68% respectively in area relatively free from human interference; 4) Kriging interpolation results were: relatively unmanned interference and artificial disturbance areas the distribution areas of high soil salinity and low organic matter were consistent in area relatively free from human interference and in area with human interference, while in area with heavy human interference, the distribution was complex and the relationship was not so obvious. The results could provide a theoretical basis for the improvement and utilization of the saline soil and the reasonable and moderate reclamation of the soil.
In order to clarify the spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity and organic matter under the influence of human activities, based on GIS and geostatistical methods, this paper analyzed the correlation and spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity and organic matter under different degrees of human interference by sampling the soil in the site of Fukang City, Xinjiang. The results showed that: 1) with the increase of interference, the content of soil salinity increased gradually, while the organic matter content decreased gradually, and their coefficient of variation was between 15.45% and 60.19%, which was medium variation; 2) under different disturbance degrees, the correlation between salinity and organic matter was in the sequence of area relatively free from human interference>area with human interference>area with heavy human interference, and the correlation coefficients were-0.614,-0.412, 0.043, respectively; 3) the greater the interference degree, the stronger the effect of random factors on soil salinity and organic matter would be, and the block base ratio of soil salinity and organic matter was 12.5% and 9.68% respectively in area relatively free from human interference; 4) Kriging interpolation results were: relatively unmanned interference and artificial disturbance areas the distribution areas of high soil salinity and low organic matter were consistent in area relatively free from human interference and in area with human interference, while in area with heavy human interference, the distribution was complex and the relationship was not so obvious. The results could provide a theoretical basis for the improvement and utilization of the saline soil and the reasonable and moderate reclamation of the soil.
引文
[1] Scudiero E, Skaggs T H, Corwin D L.Comparative regional-scale soil salinity assessment with near-ground apparent electrical conductivity and remote sensing canopy reflectance[J].Ecological Indicators, 2016, 70:276-284.
[2] Wichelns D, Qadir M.Achieving sustainable irrigation requires effective management of salts, soil salinity, and shallow groundwater[J].Agricultural Water Management, 2015, 157:31-38.
[3] 吴亚坤,刘广明,杨劲松,等.基于多源数据的中原黄泛区土壤盐分空间变异分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(5):115-120.
[4] 张晓光,陈明利,刘佩茹,等.黄河三角洲典型地区土壤有机质空间变异[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(5):27-30.
[5] 徐丹,刘昌华,蔡太义,等.农田土壤有机质和全氮三维空间分布特征研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(12):157-163.
[6] Emadi Mostafa,Baghernejad Majid.Comparison of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping soil p H and salinityin agricultural coastal areas,northern Iran[J].Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science,2014,60(9):1315-1327.
[7] 李会亚,冯起,陈丽娟,等.民勤绿洲灌区表层土壤盐分空间变异性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):136-141.
[8] 朱金籴,郭世文,杨永利,等.天津滨海开发区绿地土壤盐分时空变异特征[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(增刊2):161-168.
[9] 付腾飞,张颖,高金尉,等.黄河三角洲土壤盐分时空变异特征研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2017,47(10):50-60.
[10] Fu Weijun, Tunney Hubert, Zhang Chaosheng. Spatial variation of soil nutrients in a dairy farm and its implications for site-specific fertilizer application[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2009,106(2).
[11] Lionel Mabit,Claude Bernard. Spatial distribution and content of soil organic matter in an agricultural field in eastern Canada, as estimated from geostatistical tools[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2010,35(3).
[12] 朱洪芬,南锋,徐占军,等.黄土高原盆地土壤有机质与影响因子的空间多尺度关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8348-8360.
[13] 赵明松,张甘霖,李德成,等.苏中平原南部土壤有机质空间变异特征研究[J].地理科学,2013,33(1):83-89.
[14] 刘国顺,常栋,叶协锋,等.基于GIS的缓坡烟田土壤养分空间变异研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(8):2586-2595.
[15] 刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.新疆伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分特征[J].土壤,2017,49(5):1001-1006.
[16] 刘畅,宋波,张云霞,等.西江流域土壤砷含量空间变异与污染评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(2):899-908.
[17] 王小艳,冯跃华,李云,等.黔中喀斯特山区村域稻田土壤理化特性的空间变异特征及空间自相关性[J].生态学报,2015,35(9):2926-2936.
[18] 江叶枫,叶英聪,郭熙,等.江西省耕地土壤氮磷生态化学计量空间变异特征及其影响因素[J].土壤学报,2017,54(6):1527-1539.
[19] 张法升,刘作新.分形理论及其在土壤空间变异研究中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1351-1358.
[2] Wichelns D, Qadir M.Achieving sustainable irrigation requires effective management of salts, soil salinity, and shallow groundwater[J].Agricultural Water Management, 2015, 157:31-38.
[3] 吴亚坤,刘广明,杨劲松,等.基于多源数据的中原黄泛区土壤盐分空间变异分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(5):115-120.
[4] 张晓光,陈明利,刘佩茹,等.黄河三角洲典型地区土壤有机质空间变异[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(5):27-30.
[5] 徐丹,刘昌华,蔡太义,等.农田土壤有机质和全氮三维空间分布特征研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(12):157-163.
[6] Emadi Mostafa,Baghernejad Majid.Comparison of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping soil p H and salinityin agricultural coastal areas,northern Iran[J].Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science,2014,60(9):1315-1327.
[7] 李会亚,冯起,陈丽娟,等.民勤绿洲灌区表层土壤盐分空间变异性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):136-141.
[8] 朱金籴,郭世文,杨永利,等.天津滨海开发区绿地土壤盐分时空变异特征[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(增刊2):161-168.
[9] 付腾飞,张颖,高金尉,等.黄河三角洲土壤盐分时空变异特征研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2017,47(10):50-60.
[10] Fu Weijun, Tunney Hubert, Zhang Chaosheng. Spatial variation of soil nutrients in a dairy farm and its implications for site-specific fertilizer application[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2009,106(2).
[11] Lionel Mabit,Claude Bernard. Spatial distribution and content of soil organic matter in an agricultural field in eastern Canada, as estimated from geostatistical tools[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2010,35(3).
[12] 朱洪芬,南锋,徐占军,等.黄土高原盆地土壤有机质与影响因子的空间多尺度关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8348-8360.
[13] 赵明松,张甘霖,李德成,等.苏中平原南部土壤有机质空间变异特征研究[J].地理科学,2013,33(1):83-89.
[14] 刘国顺,常栋,叶协锋,等.基于GIS的缓坡烟田土壤养分空间变异研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(8):2586-2595.
[15] 刘迁迁,苏里坦,刘广明,等.新疆伊犁察南灌区土壤盐分特征[J].土壤,2017,49(5):1001-1006.
[16] 刘畅,宋波,张云霞,等.西江流域土壤砷含量空间变异与污染评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(2):899-908.
[17] 王小艳,冯跃华,李云,等.黔中喀斯特山区村域稻田土壤理化特性的空间变异特征及空间自相关性[J].生态学报,2015,35(9):2926-2936.
[18] 江叶枫,叶英聪,郭熙,等.江西省耕地土壤氮磷生态化学计量空间变异特征及其影响因素[J].土壤学报,2017,54(6):1527-1539.
[19] 张法升,刘作新.分形理论及其在土壤空间变异研究中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1351-1358.