南通市苯作业工人职业健康检查结果分析
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摘要
目的探讨苯对作业工人身体健康的影响,提出预防苯职业危害的有关建议。方法选取2017年在南通市疾病预防控制中心行职业健康检查的1 693例苯作业在岗职工为研究对象,设为接苯组;另选同年1 679例单纯接触噪声的在岗职工作为对照组,对两组职工的血常规(WBC、N、PLT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肝脏B超结果进行统计分析。率的比较采用χ2检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果接苯组WBC、N、ALT异常率及肝脏B超结果异常率(以脂肪肝为主)均较对照组明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中女职工WBC、N异常率高于男性职工,ALT及肝脏B超异常率明显低于男性职工,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组PLT计数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随着接害工龄的增加,WBC、N下降率有减低的趋势,组间差异无统计学意义,不同工龄组间ALT异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苯对作业工人的造血系统及肝脏可造成不同程度的损害,为保障职工的身体健康,在平时的生产活动中应加强对职业危害的预防工作。
Objective To investigate the effects of benzene on the health of workers and put forward suggestions on the prevention of occupational diseases. Methods Totally 1 693 workers who were exposed to benzene had occupational health examination in the center in 2017,they were chosen as the research objects and named as the experimental group; and other 1 679 workers who were exposed to noise were chosen as the control group. The blood routine examination(WBC, N,PLT), ALT and liver ultrasound results of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Chi-square test were used to compare the rates. The differences P<0.05 were statistical significant. Results The abnormal rate of WBC、N、ALT and liver ultrasound(mainly fatty liver) of the workers in the experimental group was significantly increased compared with the control group, the differences was statistical significant(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of WBC、N of the female workers was significantly higher than the male workers,but obviously their abnormal rates of ALT and liver ultrasound were much lower than that of male(P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference of PLT between two groups was no statistical significance(P>0.05). By the increase of working year,the decreasing trend of WBC/N was less and less,the difference between groups was no statistic significant. There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal ALT rates among the working age groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Benzene can cause different degrees of damages to the hematopoietic systems and livers of the workers. To protect the health of the workers, the prevention activities on occupational hazards should be strengthened.
Objective To investigate the effects of benzene on the health of workers and put forward suggestions on the prevention of occupational diseases. Methods Totally 1 693 workers who were exposed to benzene had occupational health examination in the center in 2017,they were chosen as the research objects and named as the experimental group; and other 1 679 workers who were exposed to noise were chosen as the control group. The blood routine examination(WBC, N,PLT), ALT and liver ultrasound results of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Chi-square test were used to compare the rates. The differences P<0.05 were statistical significant. Results The abnormal rate of WBC、N、ALT and liver ultrasound(mainly fatty liver) of the workers in the experimental group was significantly increased compared with the control group, the differences was statistical significant(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of WBC、N of the female workers was significantly higher than the male workers,but obviously their abnormal rates of ALT and liver ultrasound were much lower than that of male(P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference of PLT between two groups was no statistical significance(P>0.05). By the increase of working year,the decreasing trend of WBC/N was less and less,the difference between groups was no statistic significant. There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal ALT rates among the working age groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Benzene can cause different degrees of damages to the hematopoietic systems and livers of the workers. To protect the health of the workers, the prevention activities on occupational hazards should be strengthened.
引文
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[12]宁芬,何炳欣,江国光,等.低浓度混苯作业工人肝损害的超声影像学和血清生化学研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(5):598-600.
[13]陈幕华,赵芳,刘文婷,等.苯作业工人肝部彩超及肝功能检查结果分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2017,28(6):459-460.
[2]GBZ 188-2014职业健康监护技术规范[S].2014.
[3]GBZ 2.1-2007工作场所有害因素职业接触限值[S].2007.
[4]GBZ 68-2013职业性苯中毒的诊断[S].2013.
[5]王娟,姜光瑶.某厂苯作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2016,31(1):5-7.
[6]李小琴,程金霞,毛一扬,等.扬州市苯作业人员血常规检查结果分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2017,43(2):100-103.
[7]王炜,程茂定,王宜庆,等.无锡市苯作业工人职业健康状况调查分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(2):129-131.
[8]靳松.2017年常州市新北区苯作业工人血常规结果分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2018,33(3):156-158.
[9]李巍,金楠.2017年重庆市职业性苯接触工人专项检查结果[J].职业与健康,2018,34(15):2025-2027,2034.
[10]刘洋,张巧耘,陈献文,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-929.
[11]刘振中,陈海平,胡高彬,等.苯和甲醛吸入染毒对小鼠血清、肺和肝脏中SOD、GSH-Px和MDA影响[J].职业与健康,2016,32(14):1911-1914.
[12]宁芬,何炳欣,江国光,等.低浓度混苯作业工人肝损害的超声影像学和血清生化学研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(5):598-600.
[13]陈幕华,赵芳,刘文婷,等.苯作业工人肝部彩超及肝功能检查结果分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2017,28(6):459-460.
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