考虑大气污染物时空分布控制的多时间尺度协调多目标优化调度策略
|
摘要
该文提出了一种考虑大气污染物时空分布控制的多时间尺度协调多目标优化调度策略。首先,构建一种考虑大气边界层影响的污染物时空分布计算模型,可基于气象预报信息估算出火电厂污染物的时空分布情况;然后,采用"日前–日内滚动"的调度框架,提出一种考虑大气污染物时空分布控制的多时间尺度协调多目标优化调度模型,同时减少发电成本、碳排放及火电厂造成的大气污染;此外,充分利用大气环境的自净能力,提出一种考虑大气环境容量裕度的多目标决策方法。改进的IEEE 39节点系统和广东电网的仿真结果表明:该策略不仅可有效减少火电厂造成的大气污染,还可根据气象条件及背景浓度的变化实现多个目标之间的动态权衡,实现了真正意义上的经济、环保电力调度。
A novel multi-time scale coordinated and multi-objective optimal dispatch strategy was proposed which incorporates the temporal and spatial distribution(TSD) control of air pollutants. First, an air pollutant TSD model was constructed which considers the diurnal variation of atmospheric boundary layer. With weather forecast information, the model can estimate the TSD of air pollutants emitted from thermal power plants(TTPs). A "day-ahead and in-day" dispatch framework was adopted, based on which a multi-time scale coordinated and multi-objective optimal dispatch model was built, to reduce generation cost, emission of CO2 and air pollution from TTPs simultaneously. Besides,self-purification capacity of the atmospheric environment was exploited by a decision-making method, which considers the atmospheric environment capacity margin. Case studies on the modified IEEE 39-bus system and the model of Guangdong power grid indicate that, not only can the proposed strategy reduce the air pollution caused by TTPs effectively, but also it can achieve a dynamic trade-off among conflicting objectives in the face of various weather conditions and background pollution, leading to an authentic economic and environmental power dispatch.
A novel multi-time scale coordinated and multi-objective optimal dispatch strategy was proposed which incorporates the temporal and spatial distribution(TSD) control of air pollutants. First, an air pollutant TSD model was constructed which considers the diurnal variation of atmospheric boundary layer. With weather forecast information, the model can estimate the TSD of air pollutants emitted from thermal power plants(TTPs). A "day-ahead and in-day" dispatch framework was adopted, based on which a multi-time scale coordinated and multi-objective optimal dispatch model was built, to reduce generation cost, emission of CO2 and air pollution from TTPs simultaneously. Besides,self-purification capacity of the atmospheric environment was exploited by a decision-making method, which considers the atmospheric environment capacity margin. Case studies on the modified IEEE 39-bus system and the model of Guangdong power grid indicate that, not only can the proposed strategy reduce the air pollution caused by TTPs effectively, but also it can achieve a dynamic trade-off among conflicting objectives in the face of various weather conditions and background pollution, leading to an authentic economic and environmental power dispatch.
引文
[1]中国电力企业联合会.中国电力行业年度发展报告(2017)综述部分.北京:中国电力企业联合会,2017[2017-9-11].http:/www.cec.org.cn/guihuayutongji/gongzuodongtai/2017-09-11/172982.html.China Elecricity Council.Annual development report of China electric power industry(2017):overview.Beijing:China Elecricity Council,2017[2017-9-11].http:/www.cec.org.cn/guihuayutongji/gongzuodongtai/2017-09-11/172982.html(in Chinese).
[2]Mandal K K,Mandal S,Bhattacharya B,et al.Non-convex emission constrained economic dispatch using a new self-adaptive particle swarm optimization technique[J].Applied Soft Computing,2015,28(28):188-195.
[3]Wang S J,Shahidehpour S M,Kirschen D S,et al.Short-term generation scheduling with transmission and environmental constraints using an augmented Lagrangian relaxation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(3):1294-1301.
[4]陈功贵,陈金富.含风电场电力系统环境经济动态调度建模与算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):27-35.Chen Gonggui,Chen Jinfu.Environmental/economic dynamic dispatch modeling and method for power systems integrating wind farms[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):27-35(in Chinese).
[5]Abido M A.A novel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2003,65(1):71-81.
[6]林威,靳小龙,穆云飞,等.区域综合能源系统多目标最优混合潮流算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(20):5829-5839.Lin Wei,Jin Xiaolong,Mu Yunfei,et al.Multi-objective optimal hybrid power flow algorithm for integrated local area energy system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017(20):5829-5839(in Chinese).
[7]张晓花,赵晋泉,陈星莺.节能减排多目标机组组合问题的模糊建模及优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):71-76.Zhang Xiaohua,Zhao Jinquan,Chen Xinying,et al.Multi objective commitment fuzzy modeling and optimization for energy-saving and emission reduction[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):71-76(in Chinese).
[8]Jayakumar D N,Venkatesh P.Glowworm swarm optimization algorithm with topsis for solving multiple objective environmental economic dispatch problem[J].Applied Soft Computing,2014(23):375-386.
[9]Basu M.Dynamic economic emission dispatch using nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2008,78(2):140-149.
[10]Yang Z,Kang L I,Niu Q,et al.A self-learning TLBObased dynamic economic/environmental dispatch considering multiple plug-in electric vehicle loads[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems&Clean Energy,2014,2(4):298-307.
[11]Niknam T,Azizipanah-Abarghooee R,Zare M,et al.Reserve constrained dynamic environmental/economic dispatch:a new multiobjective self-adaptive learning bat algorithm[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2013,7(4):763-776.
[12]环境保护部.HJ633-2012,环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.Technical regulation on Ambient Air Quality Index[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2012(in Chinese).
[13]国家环境保护总局.国家环境保护总局公告[2007]4号:环境空气质量监测规范(试行)[R].北京:国家环境保护总局,2007.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.Announcement by ministry of energy and environment of China[2007]No.4:Standard for environmental air quality monitoring(on trial)[R].Beijing:Ministry of Energy and Environment of China,2007(in Chinese).
[14]蒋维楣.空气污染气象学教程[M].北京:气象出版社,2004:15-150.Jiang Weimei.Air pollution meteorology[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004:15-150(in Chinese).
[15]Imo U.Environmental capacity:an approach to marine pollution prevention[J].Gesamp Reports&Studies,1986,30:49.
[16]Lei S,Hou Y,Wang X,et al.Unit commitment incorporating spatial distribution control of air pollutant dispersion[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2016,13(3):995-1005.
[17]Chu K C,Jamshidi M,Levitan R E.An approach to on-line power dispatch with ambient air pollution constraints[J].IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control,1977,22(3):385-396.
[18]Ela E,O’Malley M.Studying the variability and uncertain-ty impacts of variable generation at multiple timescales[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(3):1324-1333.
[19]王蓓蓓,唐楠,方鑫,等.大规模风电接入系统多时间尺度备用容量滚动修订模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(6):1645-1656.Wang Beibei,Tang Nan,Fang Xin,et al.A multi time scales reserve rolling revision model of power system with large scale wind power[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(6):1645-1656(in Chinese).
[20]黄杨,胡伟,闵勇,等.考虑日前计划的风储联合系统多目标协调调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4743-4751.Huang Yang,Hu Wei,Min Yong,et al.Multi-objective coordinative dispatch for wind-storage combined systems considering day-ahead generation schedules[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4743-4751(in Chinese).
[21]国家环境保护局.GB/T 3840-91制定地方大气污染排放标准的技术方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.GB/T3840-91 Technical methods for making local emission standards of air pollutants[S].Beijing:Standard Press of China,1992(in Chinese).
[22]Turner D B.Workbook of Atmospheric dispersion estimates[M].Florida:CRC Press,1967:20-150.
[23]Paolo Zannetti.Air pollution modeling[M].New York:Springer Science+Business Media,1990:155-154.
[24]Nieuwstadt F T M,VAN DOP H.Atmospheric turbulence and air pollution modelling[M].Boston:D.Reidel Publishing Company,1984:231-274.
[25]张伯明,吴文传,郑太一,等.消纳大规模风电的多时间尺度协调的有功调度系统设计[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(1):1-6.Zhang Boming,Wu Wenchuan,Zheng Taiyi,et al.Design of a multi-time scale coordinated active power dispatching system for accommodating large scale wind power penetration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(1):1-6(in Chinese).
[26]朱文波,李楠,黄志炯,等.广东省火电污染物排放特征及其对大气环境的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(6):810-818.Zhu Wenbo,Li Nan,Huang Zhijiong,et al.Emission characteristics of thermal power in Guangdong province and influence on atmospheric environment[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(6):810-818(in Chinese).
[27]薛志钢,柴发合,段宁,等.运用ISC3模型模拟电厂脱硫后的大气环境影响[J].环境科学研究,2003,16(5):62-64.Xue Zhigang,Chai Fahe,Duanning,et al.Applying ISC3model to simulate the atmospheric environmental impact of power plant after desulfurization[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2003,16(5):62-64(in Chinese).
[2]Mandal K K,Mandal S,Bhattacharya B,et al.Non-convex emission constrained economic dispatch using a new self-adaptive particle swarm optimization technique[J].Applied Soft Computing,2015,28(28):188-195.
[3]Wang S J,Shahidehpour S M,Kirschen D S,et al.Short-term generation scheduling with transmission and environmental constraints using an augmented Lagrangian relaxation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1995,10(3):1294-1301.
[4]陈功贵,陈金富.含风电场电力系统环境经济动态调度建模与算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):27-35.Chen Gonggui,Chen Jinfu.Environmental/economic dynamic dispatch modeling and method for power systems integrating wind farms[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):27-35(in Chinese).
[5]Abido M A.A novel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2003,65(1):71-81.
[6]林威,靳小龙,穆云飞,等.区域综合能源系统多目标最优混合潮流算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017(20):5829-5839.Lin Wei,Jin Xiaolong,Mu Yunfei,et al.Multi-objective optimal hybrid power flow algorithm for integrated local area energy system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017(20):5829-5839(in Chinese).
[7]张晓花,赵晋泉,陈星莺.节能减排多目标机组组合问题的模糊建模及优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):71-76.Zhang Xiaohua,Zhao Jinquan,Chen Xinying,et al.Multi objective commitment fuzzy modeling and optimization for energy-saving and emission reduction[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):71-76(in Chinese).
[8]Jayakumar D N,Venkatesh P.Glowworm swarm optimization algorithm with topsis for solving multiple objective environmental economic dispatch problem[J].Applied Soft Computing,2014(23):375-386.
[9]Basu M.Dynamic economic emission dispatch using nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2008,78(2):140-149.
[10]Yang Z,Kang L I,Niu Q,et al.A self-learning TLBObased dynamic economic/environmental dispatch considering multiple plug-in electric vehicle loads[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems&Clean Energy,2014,2(4):298-307.
[11]Niknam T,Azizipanah-Abarghooee R,Zare M,et al.Reserve constrained dynamic environmental/economic dispatch:a new multiobjective self-adaptive learning bat algorithm[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2013,7(4):763-776.
[12]环境保护部.HJ633-2012,环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.Technical regulation on Ambient Air Quality Index[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2012(in Chinese).
[13]国家环境保护总局.国家环境保护总局公告[2007]4号:环境空气质量监测规范(试行)[R].北京:国家环境保护总局,2007.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.Announcement by ministry of energy and environment of China[2007]No.4:Standard for environmental air quality monitoring(on trial)[R].Beijing:Ministry of Energy and Environment of China,2007(in Chinese).
[14]蒋维楣.空气污染气象学教程[M].北京:气象出版社,2004:15-150.Jiang Weimei.Air pollution meteorology[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004:15-150(in Chinese).
[15]Imo U.Environmental capacity:an approach to marine pollution prevention[J].Gesamp Reports&Studies,1986,30:49.
[16]Lei S,Hou Y,Wang X,et al.Unit commitment incorporating spatial distribution control of air pollutant dispersion[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2016,13(3):995-1005.
[17]Chu K C,Jamshidi M,Levitan R E.An approach to on-line power dispatch with ambient air pollution constraints[J].IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control,1977,22(3):385-396.
[18]Ela E,O’Malley M.Studying the variability and uncertain-ty impacts of variable generation at multiple timescales[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(3):1324-1333.
[19]王蓓蓓,唐楠,方鑫,等.大规模风电接入系统多时间尺度备用容量滚动修订模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(6):1645-1656.Wang Beibei,Tang Nan,Fang Xin,et al.A multi time scales reserve rolling revision model of power system with large scale wind power[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(6):1645-1656(in Chinese).
[20]黄杨,胡伟,闵勇,等.考虑日前计划的风储联合系统多目标协调调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4743-4751.Huang Yang,Hu Wei,Min Yong,et al.Multi-objective coordinative dispatch for wind-storage combined systems considering day-ahead generation schedules[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4743-4751(in Chinese).
[21]国家环境保护局.GB/T 3840-91制定地方大气污染排放标准的技术方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.Ministry of Energy and Environment of China.GB/T3840-91 Technical methods for making local emission standards of air pollutants[S].Beijing:Standard Press of China,1992(in Chinese).
[22]Turner D B.Workbook of Atmospheric dispersion estimates[M].Florida:CRC Press,1967:20-150.
[23]Paolo Zannetti.Air pollution modeling[M].New York:Springer Science+Business Media,1990:155-154.
[24]Nieuwstadt F T M,VAN DOP H.Atmospheric turbulence and air pollution modelling[M].Boston:D.Reidel Publishing Company,1984:231-274.
[25]张伯明,吴文传,郑太一,等.消纳大规模风电的多时间尺度协调的有功调度系统设计[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(1):1-6.Zhang Boming,Wu Wenchuan,Zheng Taiyi,et al.Design of a multi-time scale coordinated active power dispatching system for accommodating large scale wind power penetration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(1):1-6(in Chinese).
[26]朱文波,李楠,黄志炯,等.广东省火电污染物排放特征及其对大气环境的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(6):810-818.Zhu Wenbo,Li Nan,Huang Zhijiong,et al.Emission characteristics of thermal power in Guangdong province and influence on atmospheric environment[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(6):810-818(in Chinese).
[27]薛志钢,柴发合,段宁,等.运用ISC3模型模拟电厂脱硫后的大气环境影响[J].环境科学研究,2003,16(5):62-64.Xue Zhigang,Chai Fahe,Duanning,et al.Applying ISC3model to simulate the atmospheric environmental impact of power plant after desulfurization[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2003,16(5):62-64(in Chinese).
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |