EXV开度对纯电动汽车热泵空调性能的影响
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摘要
基于搭建的电动汽车热泵空调系统性能试验台,详细研究了EXV开度变化对系统的冷凝和蒸发压力、过冷度、热泵出风温度、制热量、压缩机功耗和性能系数COP的影响。结果表明:在压缩机转速、冷凝器进风温度和风量一定的条件下,随着EXV开度增加,冷凝压力减小而蒸发压力变化较小,过冷度、制热量和热泵出风温度均呈减小并当EXV开度增大到一定程度后减小幅度变缓,压缩机功耗先减小后基本维持不变,系统COP先增大后减小;冷凝器出口过冷度较大时,通过改变EXV开度可有效调节热泵出风温度,且在开度较小时增大EXV开度有利于获得较高的COP。研究结果可为纯电动汽车热泵空调系统性能的调节和控制策略制定提供参考。
Based on the built performance test rig of the electric automotive heat pump air conditioning system,the effects of variation in EXV opening on condensation and evaporation pressure,subcooling,air outlet temperature of heat pump,heating capacity,compressor power consumption and coefficient of performance(COP) were experimentally investigated. The results show that under the condition of fixed compressor rotational speed,condenser air inlet temperature and air flow rate,as the EXV opening increased,the condensing pressure decreased,but the change in evaporating pressure was relatively small,and subcooling,heating capacity and air outlet temperature of heat pump all decreased and their decrease magnitudes became gentle when the EXV opening increased to a certain extent,and the compressor power consumption decreased at first and then remained basically unchanged,and the system COP increased first then decreased. When the air outlet subcooling of the condenser was relatively big,the air outlet temperature of the heat pump could be effectively adjusted by changing the EXV opening,and when the opening was relatively small, increasing EXV opening was conducive to obtaining a higher COP. The research results can provide a reference for the regulation and control strategy of the performance of the air conditioning system of pure electric automotive heat pump.
Based on the built performance test rig of the electric automotive heat pump air conditioning system,the effects of variation in EXV opening on condensation and evaporation pressure,subcooling,air outlet temperature of heat pump,heating capacity,compressor power consumption and coefficient of performance(COP) were experimentally investigated. The results show that under the condition of fixed compressor rotational speed,condenser air inlet temperature and air flow rate,as the EXV opening increased,the condensing pressure decreased,but the change in evaporating pressure was relatively small,and subcooling,heating capacity and air outlet temperature of heat pump all decreased and their decrease magnitudes became gentle when the EXV opening increased to a certain extent,and the compressor power consumption decreased at first and then remained basically unchanged,and the system COP increased first then decreased. When the air outlet subcooling of the condenser was relatively big,the air outlet temperature of the heat pump could be effectively adjusted by changing the EXV opening,and when the opening was relatively small, increasing EXV opening was conducive to obtaining a higher COP. The research results can provide a reference for the regulation and control strategy of the performance of the air conditioning system of pure electric automotive heat pump.
引文
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[3]彭庆丰,赵韩,陈祥吉,等.电动汽车新型热泵空调系统的设计与试验研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(12):1467-1470.
[4]Suzuki T,Ishii K.Air Conditioning system for electric vehicle[C]//International Congress&Exposition.1996.
[5]金鹏.电动汽车热泵空调系统试验研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.
[6]章晓龙,李征涛,陈忆喆,等.电子膨胀阀对蒸发器过热度稳定性的影响[J].流体机械,2014,42(4):72-75.
[7]Zou H,Huang G,Shao S,et al.Experimental study on heating performance of an R1234yf heat pump system for electric cars[J].Energy Procedia,2017,142:1015-1021.
[8]樊超超,晏刚,鱼剑琳.电子膨胀阀开度及制冷剂充灌量对家用空调器性能影响的研究[J].制冷与空调,2017,17(2):5-10.
[9]虞中旸,陶乐仁,王超,等.低频率下电子膨胀阀调节对制冷系统性能的影响[J].制冷学报,2016,37(6):91-96.
[10]钟会球.电动汽车空调系统仿真与试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[11]Xu L. Potential of controlling subcooling in residential air conditioning system[D].Urbana:University of Illinois.2014.
[12]Wang D,Yu B,Hu J,et al.Heating performance characteristics of CO2 heat pump system for electrical vehicle in a cold climate[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,85:27-41.
[13]Moffat R J.Describing the uncertainties in experimental results[J].Experimental Thermal&Fluid Science,1988,1(1):3-17.
[14]朱福根,熊树生,周超,等.汽车空调控制系统的低成本设计研究[J].机电工程,2017,34(3):315-320.
[15]张启明,姜银松,胡静,等.基于田口方法铝合金电子束焊接工艺参数优化[J].压力容器,2018,35(3):14-18.
[16]周文,童良怀,夏尚,等.环乙烷氧化管道爆燃事故原因技术分析[J].化工设备与管道,2018,55(3):69-71.
[17]谢建伟,刘怡辰,陈寅,等.非圆周节流槽在叉车多路阀上的应用[J].机电工程,2018,35(5):486-489.
[18]刘兴旺,姚淑婷,张天龙,等.转速对变频涡旋压缩机压缩性能的影响研究[J].流体机械,2011,39(10):4-9.