三维测量光流恢复算法结合BIM对震后建筑倾斜度测量的研究
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摘要
震后危险建筑倾斜度的移动测量过程较为复杂,常规测量方法会存在对称偏差。为了提高震后危险建筑倾斜度测量的准确性,设计三维测量光流恢复算法结合BIM的震后建筑倾斜度测量方法。采用BIM技术采集并整合全部建筑倾斜度信息,构建危险建筑信息模型;采用三维测量光流恢复算法获取所构建建筑信息模型内多个目标特征点,设计震后危险建筑倾斜度的三维测量模型。仿真实验说明,所提方法测量震后危险建筑三维坐标值误差率均小于0.4%,平均评估时间仅为2.5 s,说明该方法可提高建筑倾斜度评估效果。
After an earthquake occurs, the moving measurement of the inclination of dangerous buildings is complex, and the conventional measurement methods present a symmetrical deviation. Therefore, to improve the accuracy of the measurement of inclination, a three-dimensional(3D) measurement through optical flow recovery algorithm combined with building information modeling(BIM) was designed. The BIM technology is used to collect and integrate all the building inclination information and thereafter the dangerous building information model is constructed. The 3D measurement through optical flow recovery algorithm was used to obtain the target feature points in the constructed building information model. Based on this, a three-dimensional measurement model of inclination of dangerous buildings after the earthquake was designed. The simulation results showed that the error rate of 3D coordinate values of dangerous building, measured by the proposed method, is less than 0.4% and the average evaluation time is only 2.5 s, which indicates that this method can improve the evaluation effect of building inclination.
After an earthquake occurs, the moving measurement of the inclination of dangerous buildings is complex, and the conventional measurement methods present a symmetrical deviation. Therefore, to improve the accuracy of the measurement of inclination, a three-dimensional(3D) measurement through optical flow recovery algorithm combined with building information modeling(BIM) was designed. The BIM technology is used to collect and integrate all the building inclination information and thereafter the dangerous building information model is constructed. The 3D measurement through optical flow recovery algorithm was used to obtain the target feature points in the constructed building information model. Based on this, a three-dimensional measurement model of inclination of dangerous buildings after the earthquake was designed. The simulation results showed that the error rate of 3D coordinate values of dangerous building, measured by the proposed method, is less than 0.4% and the average evaluation time is only 2.5 s, which indicates that this method can improve the evaluation effect of building inclination.
引文
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[15] 雷明,许泽星,刘兴年,等.地震作用下松散体变形过程及堆积形态的数值模拟[J].工程科学与技术,2018,50(3):240-246.LEI Ming,XU Zexing,LIU Xingnian,et al.Numerical Simulation of Deformation Process and Accumulation State of Loose Materials Under Seismic Action[J].Advanced Engineering Science,2018,50(3):240-246.
[2] 赵雷,包银丽,袁翔东.基于倾斜摄影测量技术的建筑物空间变化监测探讨[J].地矿测绘,2015,31(4):11-14.ZHAO Lei,BAOYinli,YUAN Xiangdong.Discussion on Building's Space Change Monitoring Based on Tilt Photogrammetry Technique[J].Surveying and Mapping of Geology and Mineral Resources,2015,31(4):11-14.
[3] 涂继辉,眭海刚,吕枘蓬,等.基于基尼系数的倾斜航空影像中建筑物立面损毁检测[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2017,42(12):1744-1748.TU Jihui,SUI Haigang,Lü Ruipeng,et al.Building Facade Damage Detection Based on the Gini Index from Oblique Aerial Images[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2017,42(12):1744-1748.
[4] 余虹亮,冯文雯,劳冬影,等.基于倾斜摄影的城市建筑三维重建方法研究[J].计算机应用与软件,2016,33(12):188-192.YU Hongliang,FENG Wenwen,LAO Dongying,et al.Research on 3D Reconstruction Method for Urban Buildings Based on Oblique Photography[J].Computer Applications and Software,2016,33(12):188-192.
[5] 施庆伟,庞永师,蒋雨含.基于系统动力学和BIM的建筑施工安全风险预警决策模型仿真[J].土木工程与管理学报,2016,33(2):83-89.SHI Qingwei,PANG Yongshi,JIANG Yuhan.Pre-warning Decision-making Model Simulation of Building Construction Safety Risk Based on System Dynamics and BIM[J].Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2016,33(2):83-89.
[6] 周萍.高层建筑倾斜度对抗震能力的影响[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2016,39(4):296-302.ZHOU Ping.Influence of High-rise Building Tilt on Its Seismic Performance[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2016,39(4):296-302.
[7] 张治国,贾延臣,王卫东.邻近建筑与基坑边成任意角度受基坑开挖影响分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2015,11(增刊2):617-628.ZHANG Zhiguo,JIA Yanchen,WANG Weidong.Influence Analysis of Foundation Pit Excavation on Building in Arbitrary Angle with Foundation Pit[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2015,11(Supp2):617-628.
[8] 邹祖银,朱占元,张锋,等.连续降雨条件下某震后高边坡稳定性分析[J].地震工程学报,2016,38(4):541-548.ZOU Zuyin,ZHU Zhanyuan,ZHANG Feng,et al.Stability Analysis of Post-earthquake High Slope under Continuous Rainfall[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2016,38(4):541-548.
[9] 柳茂.基于BIM技术的建筑施工进度优化研究[J].现代电子技术,2017,40(3):103-105,109.LIU Mao.Research on Building Construction Schedule Optimization Model Based on BIM Technology[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2017,40(3):103-105,109.
[10] 刘力荣,左建章,岳贵杰.SWDC-5倾斜摄影建筑物纹理自动映射方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(8):68-71.LIU Lirong,ZUO Jianzhang,YUE Guijie.Building Texture Auto-Mapping Based on SWDC-5 Oblique Photogrammetry[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40(8):68-71.
[11] 赵倩纯,胡伟松,吴百锋.BIM中基于蒙特卡罗模拟的成本估算的研究[J].微型电脑应用,2015,31(6):1-5.ZHAO Qianchun,HU Weisong,WU Baifeng.Research on Cost Estimation Based on Monte Carlo in BIM[J].Microcomputer Applications,2015,31(6):1-5.
[12] 段晓芳,滕树勤.高层住宅场景可视化三维真实性建模仿真[J].计算机仿真,2017,34(9):218-221,238.DUAN Xiaofang,TENG Shuqin.Modeling and Simulation of High Rise Residential Scene Visualization[J].Computer Simulation,2017,34(9):218-221,238.
[13] 李今保,李碧卿,姜涛,等.因地下室上浮的建筑物倾斜纠倾技术[J].建筑技术,2015,46(10):904-908.LI Jinbao,LI Biqing,JIANG Tao,et al.Correction Technique for Building Inclination Caused by Basement Upfloating[J].Architecture Technology,2015,46(10):904-908.
[14] 方智辉,吴军,彭智勇.五方向倾斜航空影像建筑物墙面自动提取方法[J].桂林电子科技大学学报,2017,37(2):140-146.FANG Zhihui,WU Jun,PENG Zhiyong.Automatic Wall Extraction from Five Direction Oblique Aerial Image[J].Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology,2017,37(2):140-146.
[15] 雷明,许泽星,刘兴年,等.地震作用下松散体变形过程及堆积形态的数值模拟[J].工程科学与技术,2018,50(3):240-246.LEI Ming,XU Zexing,LIU Xingnian,et al.Numerical Simulation of Deformation Process and Accumulation State of Loose Materials Under Seismic Action[J].Advanced Engineering Science,2018,50(3):240-246.