恩施富硒羊肚菌中生物活性物质研究
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摘要
湖北恩施拥有世界上唯一探明的独立硒矿床和全球最大的富硒生物圈,被誉为"世界硒都",气候冷凉湿润,盛产羊肚菌;羊肚菌富含硒元素和丰富的营养物质,具有较高的生物活性和营养价值。为研究恩施富硒羊肚菌中的生物活性物质,并对其功效作用及未来开发进行初步探讨,以恩施富硒羊肚菌为样本,对其进行理化分析和营养分析,结果表明:恩施富硒羊肚菌中含有粗蛋白25.92%、粗脂肪4.61%、多糖9.14%、氨基酸20.44%,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的42.81%;总硒50.56μg/100 g,有机硒占总硒的90.33%,是一种优质的补硒功能食品。
Enshi city of Hubei province is known as "Selenium Capital of the World", because it has the explorated uniquely independent selenium deposits and the largest selenium rich biosphere in the world. It has a cold-cool and humid climate environment and abounds with Morchella. Morchella from Enshi is rich in selenium and nutrients, which has high biological activity and health value. In order to study the bioactive substances in selenium-enriched Morchella in Enshi city, and to preliminarily explore its efficacy and future development, physical and chemical analysis and nutritional analysis were carried out with selenium-enriched Morchella in Enshi city as samples. The results showed that the crude protein was rich in selenium-enriched Morchella from Enshi city which reached 25.92%, the crude fat was 4.61%, the polysaccharide was 9.14%, the amino acid was 20.44%, the essential amino acids accounted for 42.81% of total amino acids, the total selenium was 50.56 g/100 g, and the organic selenium accounted for 90.33%. So it is a kind of high quality functional foodstuff to add selenium.
Enshi city of Hubei province is known as "Selenium Capital of the World", because it has the explorated uniquely independent selenium deposits and the largest selenium rich biosphere in the world. It has a cold-cool and humid climate environment and abounds with Morchella. Morchella from Enshi is rich in selenium and nutrients, which has high biological activity and health value. In order to study the bioactive substances in selenium-enriched Morchella in Enshi city, and to preliminarily explore its efficacy and future development, physical and chemical analysis and nutritional analysis were carried out with selenium-enriched Morchella in Enshi city as samples. The results showed that the crude protein was rich in selenium-enriched Morchella from Enshi city which reached 25.92%, the crude fat was 4.61%, the polysaccharide was 9.14%, the amino acid was 20.44%, the essential amino acids accounted for 42.81% of total amino acids, the total selenium was 50.56 g/100 g, and the organic selenium accounted for 90.33%. So it is a kind of high quality functional foodstuff to add selenium.
引文
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[3]中国富硒农业产业技术创新联盟.中国富硒农业发展蓝皮书(2017)[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2017.
[4]赵长盛,刘静,程燕.济南常见市售富硒蔬菜中硒的分布及风险评价[J].中国果菜, 2018, 38(7):9-12.
[5]张强,吴彩娥.羊肚菌菌丝体蛋白的理化特性及抗氧化活性[J].浙江农业学报, 2016,(8):1408-1415.
[6]黄玲玲,苏彩霞,张宗申,等.硒、锌元素对羊肚菌多糖抗氧化性的影响[J].食品与发酵工业, 2015,(7):122-125.
[7]段巍鹤,郭瑞,张起莹,等.羊肚菌活性成分应急性抗疲劳功能的研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2015,(8):1-3.
[8]李敬,周伟杰,赵士豪,等.羊肚菌多糖的分离纯化及其体外抗氧化、抗肿瘤活性研究[J].天然产物研究与开发, 2016,(9):1351-1356.
[9]赵静,南占东,董庆亮,等.富硒食品的营养价值及产品质量标准探析[J].农产品加工, 2018,(8):59-61.
[10]陈析羽,张浩,汤虎,等.富硒食品的研究进展与展望[J].中国食物与营养, 2018, 24(6):11-14.
[11]胡万明.富硒食品的研究意义与进展[J].食品安全导刊,2018,(4):41-42.
[12]杨旭,董文宾.富硒食品的研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报, 2017,(6):2091-2097.
[13]段亮亮.硒的生理功能和富硒保健食品开发[J].现代食品,2018,(1):42-45.
[14]沈荣明.硒的营养功能及富硒产品的开发前景[J].现代食品, 2016,(14):24-25.
[15]国家食品药品监督管理总局,国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.5-2016,食品安全国家标准食品中蛋白质的测定[S]. 2016-12-23.
[16]国家食品药品监督管理总局,国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.6-2016食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定[S]. 2016-12-23.
[17]中华人民共和国农业部. NY/T1676-2008食用菌中粗多糖含量的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2008.
[18]国家食品药品监督管理总局,国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.124-2016食品安全国家标准食品中氨基酸的测定[S]. 2016-12-23.
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[20]湖北省卫生和计划生育委员会. DBS42/002-2014食品安全地方标准富有机硒食品硒含量要求[S].2014-05-09.