电磁感应线圈电特性研究
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摘要
电磁感应线圈是测量磁场变化的重要元件,因其结构简单、性能可靠等优点,被广泛应用于电磁无损检测等领域。电磁感应线圈的传递函数决定了其对磁场变化的测量灵敏度及测量的频率范围。为了从理论上准确分析电磁感应线圈的传递特性,建立线圈的几何参数与其等效电特性参数间的关系模型,改进了等效电容的计算模型。基于感应线圈理论模型,对线圈的谐振频率、传递函数和灵敏度等特性进行预测,实验验证了模型的准确性。重点讨论线圈几何参数对线圈上述特性的影响规律,为感应线圈的优化设计提供理论依据。
Electromagnetic induction coil is an important device for magnetic field measurement. Due to the simple structure and reliable performance, the induction coils are widely applied in the electromagnetic nondestructive testing area. The transfer function of the induction coil determines its sensitivity to the variation of the magnetic field and the operation frequency range. To precisely analyze the transfer characteristics of the induction coils, the model for revealing the correlations between the geometrical parameters of the coil and the equivalent electrical parameters were established in this study. In particular, the model for calculating the equivalent capacitance of the induction coils was improved. Then, based on the established theoretical model, the resonant frequency,transfer function and sensitivity of the coil were numerically investigated. The prediction accuracy of model was evaluated by experimental results. Finally, the influence of the geometrical parameters of the coil on the above mentioned characteristics was discussed, the obtained conclusions provide theoretical basis for the optimal design of electromagnetic induction coils.
Electromagnetic induction coil is an important device for magnetic field measurement. Due to the simple structure and reliable performance, the induction coils are widely applied in the electromagnetic nondestructive testing area. The transfer function of the induction coil determines its sensitivity to the variation of the magnetic field and the operation frequency range. To precisely analyze the transfer characteristics of the induction coils, the model for revealing the correlations between the geometrical parameters of the coil and the equivalent electrical parameters were established in this study. In particular, the model for calculating the equivalent capacitance of the induction coils was improved. Then, based on the established theoretical model, the resonant frequency,transfer function and sensitivity of the coil were numerically investigated. The prediction accuracy of model was evaluated by experimental results. Finally, the influence of the geometrical parameters of the coil on the above mentioned characteristics was discussed, the obtained conclusions provide theoretical basis for the optimal design of electromagnetic induction coils.
引文
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[22]Li X,Zhang H,Peng F,et al.A wireless magnetic resonance energy transfer system for micro implantable medical sensors[J].Sensors,2012,12(8):10292-10308.
[2]Qu Z,Zhao Q,Meng Y.Improvement of sensitivity of eddy current sensors for nano-scale thickness measurement of Cu films[J].NDT&E International,2014,61:53-57.
[3]邵英秋,王言章,程德福,等.基于磁反馈的宽频带磁传感器的研制[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(11):2461-2466.Shao Yingqiu,Wang Yanzhang,Cheng Defu,et al.Development of broad frequency band magnetic field sensor based on flux feedback[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2010,31(11):2461-2466(in Chinese).
[4]Seran H C,Fergeau P.An optimized low-frequency three-axis search coil magnetometer for space research[J].Review of scientific instruments,2005,76(4):044502.
[5]Yang Z,Liu W,Basham E.Inductor modeling in wireless links for implantable electronics[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2007,43(10):3851-3860.
[6]赵志英,龚春英,秦海鸿.高频变压器分布电容的影响因素分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(9):55-60.Zhao Zhiying,Gong Chunying,Qin Haihong.Effect factors on stray capacitances in high frequency transformers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(9):55-60(in Chinese).
[7]Martínez J,Babic S,Akyel C.On evaluation of inductance,DC resistance,and capacitance of coaxial inductors at low frequencies[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(7):1-12.
[8]Li H,Rucker W M.An accurate and efficient hybrid method for the calculation of the equivalent capacitance of an arbitrary-shaped coil[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(3):1-4.
[9]雷银照.轴对称线圈磁场计算[M].北京:中国计量出版社,1991,195-203.Lei Yinzhao.Magnetic field calculation of axisymmetric coil[M].Beijing:China Measure Press,1991,195-203(in Chinese).
[10]赵修科.实用电源技术手册,磁性元器件分册[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2002:32-40.Zhao Xiuke.Practical power supply manual,Magnetic components[M].Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Technology Press,2002:32-40(in Chinese).
[11]卡兰达洛夫,采特林著.感应系数计算手册[M].北京:电力工业出版社,1957:176-186.ПЛКапантаров,ЛАПейтлиц.The inductance calculation handbook[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,1957(in Chinese).
[12]Massarini A,Kazimierczuk M K.Self-capacitance of inductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1997,12(4):671-676.
[13]Massarini A,Kazimierczuk M K,Grandi G.Lumped parameter models for single-and multiple-layer inductors[C]//27th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference,1996:295-301.
[14]Grandi G,Kazimierczuk M K,Massarini A,et al.Stray capacitances of single-layer solenoid air-core inductors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(5):1162-1168.
[15]Tioh J W,Mina M,Weber R J.Field coil for magneto-optic switching:capacitance considerations[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2008,44(11):3843-3846.
[16]Dalessandro L,Cavalcante F D S,Kolar J W.Self-capacitance of high-voltage transformers[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2007,22(5):2081-2092.
[17]董纪清,陈为,卢增艺.开关电源高频变压器电容效应建模与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(31):121-126.Dong Jiqing,Chen Wei,Lu Zengyi.Modeling and analysis of capacitive effects in high-frequency transformer of SMPS[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(31):121-126(in Chinese).
[18]Biela J,Kolar J W.Using transformer parasitics for resonant converters:A review of the calculation of the stray capacitance of transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2008,44(1):223-233.
[19]Prieto M J,Fernandez A,Diaz J M,et al.Influence of transformer parasitics in low-power applications[C]//Proceeding of IEEE APEC,Dallas,USA,1999:1175-1180.
[20]Blache F,Keradec J,Cogitore B.Stray capacitance of two winding transformers:Equivalent circuit,measurements,calculation and lowing[C]//IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting.Denver,U.S.A:IEEE,1994:1211-1217.
[21]Ramrakhyani A K,Mirabbasi S,Mu C.Design and optimization of resonance-based efficient wireless power delivery systems for biomedical implants[J].IEEETransactions on Biomedical Circuits&Systems,2011,5(1):48.
[22]Li X,Zhang H,Peng F,et al.A wireless magnetic resonance energy transfer system for micro implantable medical sensors[J].Sensors,2012,12(8):10292-10308.