我国环境领域技术处于怎样的水平——来自环境领域技术竞争调查的经验证据
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摘要
针对我国环境科技发展现状与重大需求,结合理论梳理,构建了技术评价理论解释模型。在此基础上,采取专家调查方式,重点与美国、日本、德国等主要发达国家进行对比,对环境领域9个子领域技术发展趋势、技术水平和发展阶段进行了评价。结果表明,我国环境领域与国际先进水平的差距正在逐渐缩小,虽有部分技术领先,但大部分还处于跟踪前沿状态,而且原创性技术较少、产业化程度较低,环境科技支撑国家生态文明建设和持续和谐发展任重而道远。
This research aimed at the situation of the development and major needs of environmental technology,build a theoretical model of technology level evaluation.Based on the experts investigation,the paper analyses the technology development trend,level and stage of environmental technology fieldin nine sub-fields of environment field.It focus on the comparative analysis between United States,Japan,Germany and other major developed countries.The results shows that the gap is narrowing,and some technologies are in leading group,most of them still in the following stage.There are less original environmental technologies provided by China,and the level of industrialization is low in China.It's not easy to support the construction of national ecological civilization.
This research aimed at the situation of the development and major needs of environmental technology,build a theoretical model of technology level evaluation.Based on the experts investigation,the paper analyses the technology development trend,level and stage of environmental technology fieldin nine sub-fields of environment field.It focus on the comparative analysis between United States,Japan,Germany and other major developed countries.The results shows that the gap is narrowing,and some technologies are in leading group,most of them still in the following stage.There are less original environmental technologies provided by China,and the level of industrialization is low in China.It's not easy to support the construction of national ecological civilization.
引文
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[2]TSUTOMU HARADA.Advantages of backwardness and forwardness with shifting comparative advantage[J].Research in Economics,2012(66):72-81.
[3]INTERFAX.Rogozin:russia should take advantage of its'backwardness'[J].Interfax:Russia and CIS Military Newswire,2013(1).
[4]郭熙保.中国经济高速增长之谜新解——来自后发优势视角[J].学术月刊,2009(2):63-71.
[5]ACEMOGLU D,AGHION P,AND ZILIBOTTI F.Distance to frontier,selection,and economic growth[J].Journal of the European Economic Association,2006,4(1):37-74.
[6]郭熙保,文礼明.WTO规则与大国开放竞争的后发优势战略[J].经济理论与经济管理,2007(8):5-11.
[7]LAI,MINYONG,WANG HUA,ZHU SHUJIN.Doubleedged effects of the technology gap and technology spillovers[J].China Economic Review,2009,20(3):414-424.
[8]易先忠.技术差距双面效应与主导技术进步模式[J].财经研究,2010(10):39-48.
[9]吉亚辉,祝凤文.技术差距、“干中学”的国别分离与发展中国家的技术进步[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011(4):49-63.
[10]欧阳峣,易先忠,生延超.技术差距、资源分配与后发大国经济增长方式转换[J].中国工业经济,2012(6):18-30.
[11]傅晓霞,吴利学.技术差距、创新路径与经济赶超——基于后发国家的内生技术进步模型[J].经济研究,2013(6):19-32.
[12]黄江明,赵宁.资源与决策逻辑:北汽集团汽车技术追赶的路径演化研究[J].管理世界,2014(9):120-130.
[13]袁健红,李存书.一个规避技术出局的战略措施模型——基于后发国家的研究[J].中国科技论坛,2010(2):150-155.
[14]俞文华.面向全球市场的技术竞争:增长贡献、优势动态和结构趋同——基于WIPO的PCT申请统计分析[J].中国软科学,2012(8):1-22.
[15]陈峰.美国的高技术产业竞争战略及其对我国的启示[J].科学学研究,2005(5):641-644.
[16]洪银兴.关于创新驱动和协同创新的若干重要概念[J].经济理论与经济管理,2013(5):5-12.
[17]仝允桓,谈毅,饶祖海.基于内容与对象的技术评价方法匹配研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2004(7):64-67.
[18]BEKEY G,M AMBROSE V,KUMER A.SANDERSON B,WILCOX Y ZHENG.WTEC panel report on international assessment of research and development in robotics[EB/OL].[2015-12-13].World Technology Evaluation Center,Inc.,2006.http://www.wtec.org/robotics/report/screen-robotics-final-report.pdf.
[19]黄鲁成,历妍.基于专利的技术发展趋势评价系统[J].系统管理学报,2010(4):383-388.
[20]CHOI M,CHUNG K,LEE S,SEO H.The evaluation of technology level on Korea's mid-and long-term strategic technologies[J].Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society,2005(8):651-677.
[21]KORRA EVALUATION INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY.Center for research and development strategy,comparison between the results of international technology level evaluation conducted by KEIT and CRDS[R].2012.
[22]Japan Science and Technology Agency and Center for Research and Development Strategy,International comparison of science and technology capability[EB/OL].[2015-12-13].http://www.jst.go.jp/crds/pdf/en/CRDSFY2011-RR-03_EN.pdf.
[23]滕洪胜.韩国技术报告评述韩中美欧日技术实力与差距[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2013(11):59-63.
[24]VANSTON JOHN H.Better forecasts,better plans,better results[J].Research Technology Management,2003,46(1):47-58.
[25]CHOI M,SANGHO JI,MIN HO SO.Technology level assessment by publication analysis:application in agriculture research,PICMET 2007Proceedings,5-9august[C].Portland Oregon USA,2007.