精神科护士的工作满意度与执业环境和正念的关系
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摘要
目的:探讨精神科护士工作满意度、执业环境、正念的现状及其关系。方法:选取某精神卫生中心的护士192人[男45人,女147人;年龄24～58岁],采用明尼苏达满意度问卷(MSQ)、护士执业环境测评量表(PES-NWI)和正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)进行调查。结果:精神科护士MSQ总分(3.6±0.6)分,PES-NWI总分(64.7±19.7)分,MAAS总分(4.6±0.6)分。MSQ总分与PES-NWI总分、MAAS总分两两之间呈正相关(r=0.70、0.42、0.24,均P<0.01);回归分析结果显示,护理管理者的能力和领导力及支持、薪酬待遇和社会地位、正念均与工作满意度正向关联(β=0.36、0.34、0.23)。结论:精神科护士执业环境、正念与工作满意度的关系密切。
Objective:To investigate the current situation and the relationship among job satisfaction,nursing practice environment and mindfulness in psychiatric nurses.Methods:Totally 192 psychiatric nurses(45 males and 147 females,aged 24-58 years) in mental health center were selected to complete the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire(MSQ),Nursing Practice Environment Scale(PES-NWI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and(MAAS).Results:The average scores of MSQ,PES-NWI and MAAS were(3.6±0.6),(64.7±19.7) and(4.6±0.6),respectively.The MSQ total scores were positively correlated with the total scores of PES-NWI and MAAS respectively,and the PES-NWI total scores were positively correlated with MAAS total scores(r=0.70,0.42,0.24,Ps<0.01).The regression analysis showed that nursing managers′ability and leadership and support,mindfulness,salary and social status were all associated with job satisfaction in psychiatric nurses(β=0.36,0.34,0.23).Conclusion:It suggests that practice environment and mindfulness are closely related to job satisfaction in psychiatric nurses.
Objective:To investigate the current situation and the relationship among job satisfaction,nursing practice environment and mindfulness in psychiatric nurses.Methods:Totally 192 psychiatric nurses(45 males and 147 females,aged 24-58 years) in mental health center were selected to complete the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire(MSQ),Nursing Practice Environment Scale(PES-NWI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and(MAAS).Results:The average scores of MSQ,PES-NWI and MAAS were(3.6±0.6),(64.7±19.7) and(4.6±0.6),respectively.The MSQ total scores were positively correlated with the total scores of PES-NWI and MAAS respectively,and the PES-NWI total scores were positively correlated with MAAS total scores(r=0.70,0.42,0.24,Ps<0.01).The regression analysis showed that nursing managers′ability and leadership and support,mindfulness,salary and social status were all associated with job satisfaction in psychiatric nurses(β=0.36,0.34,0.23).Conclusion:It suggests that practice environment and mindfulness are closely related to job satisfaction in psychiatric nurses.
引文
[1] 郭燕红,于晓初,王圣友,等.112所医院优质护理服务第三方满意度调查与分析[J].中国护理管理,2013,13(5):1-4.
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[6] 徐慰,王玉正,刘兴华.8周正念训练对负性情绪的改善效果[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2015,29(7):497-502.
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[8] 李波,李欣欣,马长燕.正念团体训练对改善企业员工身心状况的作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(1):158-161.
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[11]菲尔德,王东升,阳志平,等.工作评价-组织诊断与研究实用量表[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004:6-7.
[12]么莉.护理敏感质量指标使用手册(2016版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:235-247.
[13]陈思佚,崔红,周仁来,等.正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)的修订及信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2012,20(2):148-151.
[14]张海燕,梁俊卿,么莉,等.我国三级医院护士执业环境的现况研究[J].护理管理杂志,2017,17(5):308-311.
[15]张敬悬,卢传华,唐济生,等.山东省18岁及以上人群精神障碍流行病学调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(3):161-167.
[16]胡丽丽,王汝展,王延祜,等.山东省精神卫生机构康复科设置现况研究[J].精神医学杂志,2017,30(5):361-363.
[17]卢庆华,许翠萍,钟耕坤.精神科护士自我接纳与人格特征对冲突处理模式的影响[J].中国护理管理,2015,15(8):921-925.
[18]许熙虎,崔云龙,曹静,等.大学生经验性回避、认知融合及正念与焦虑抑郁关系[J],中国公共卫生,2018,34(5):741-744.
[19]胡思思,汪孟允,熊玲,等.焦虑认同法与正念策略管理强迫思维的随机对照研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(4):273-280.
[20]杨晓帆.山东省合同制护士工作环境与工作满意度及离职倾向相关性研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012:21.
[21]Bolton LB,Aronow HU.The business case for TCAB[J].Am J Nurs,2009,109(11):77-80.
[22]Abou EH.Relationship between ethical work climate and nurses' perception of organizational support,commitment,job satisfaction and turnover intent[J].Nurs Ethics,2017,24(2):151-166.
[23]Negussie N,Demissie A.Relationship between leadership styles of nurese managers and nurses' job satisfaction in Jimma university specialized hospital[J].Ethiop J Health Sci,2013,23(1):49-58.
[24]Kristeller J,Wolever RQ,Sheets V.Mindfulness-based eating awareness training (MB-EAT) for binge eating:a randomized clinical Trial[J].Mindfulness,2014,5(3):282-297.
[25]Veehof MM,Trompetter HR,Bohlmeijer ET,et al.Acceptance-and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain:a meta-analytic review[J].Cogn Behav Ther,2016,45(1):5-31.
[26]庞娇艳,柏涌海,唐晓晨,等.正念减压疗法在护士职业倦怠干预中的应用[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(10):1529-1536.
[27]徐慰,刘兴华.正念训练提升幸福感的研究综述[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(3):197-202.
[28]姚阿丽,贾秀萍,卢明,等.某省公立医院医务人员薪酬水平与工作满意度关系研究[J].医学与哲学(A):,2016,37(10):56-59.
[29]陈瑜,曾丽娟,杨文娇.本科护生对精神病患者歧视现状及其与精神病接触程度的相关性分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(21):34-37.
[2] 冯慧,薛雅卓,李季.泰安地区护士工作环境与工作满意度的相关性研究[J].中华护理杂志,2011,46(5):448-450.
[3] 孙爱玲,田武宗,王春乔,等.肿瘤科护士职业价值观与工作环境的相关性[J].解放军护理杂志,2015,32(13):19-21.
[4] 邹桂元,卢庆华,滕伟钰.精神科护士遭受暴力伤害的危险因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(33):4249-4251.
[5] 汪芬,黄宇霞.正念的心理和脑机制[J].心理科学进展,2011,19(11):1635-1644.
[6] 徐慰,王玉正,刘兴华.8周正念训练对负性情绪的改善效果[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2015,29(7):497-502.
[7] 李宇.大学生正念、元情绪、完美主义和生活满意度的相关研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2015:18-19.
[8] 李波,李欣欣,马长燕.正念团体训练对改善企业员工身心状况的作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(1):158-161.
[9] Dane E,Brummel BJ.Examining workplace mindfulness and its relations to job performance and turnover intention[J].Hum Relations,2013,67(1):105-128.
[10]李峥,刘宇.护理学研究方法[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:59.
[11]菲尔德,王东升,阳志平,等.工作评价-组织诊断与研究实用量表[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004:6-7.
[12]么莉.护理敏感质量指标使用手册(2016版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016:235-247.
[13]陈思佚,崔红,周仁来,等.正念注意觉知量表(MAAS)的修订及信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2012,20(2):148-151.
[14]张海燕,梁俊卿,么莉,等.我国三级医院护士执业环境的现况研究[J].护理管理杂志,2017,17(5):308-311.
[15]张敬悬,卢传华,唐济生,等.山东省18岁及以上人群精神障碍流行病学调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2010,24(3):161-167.
[16]胡丽丽,王汝展,王延祜,等.山东省精神卫生机构康复科设置现况研究[J].精神医学杂志,2017,30(5):361-363.
[17]卢庆华,许翠萍,钟耕坤.精神科护士自我接纳与人格特征对冲突处理模式的影响[J].中国护理管理,2015,15(8):921-925.
[18]许熙虎,崔云龙,曹静,等.大学生经验性回避、认知融合及正念与焦虑抑郁关系[J],中国公共卫生,2018,34(5):741-744.
[19]胡思思,汪孟允,熊玲,等.焦虑认同法与正念策略管理强迫思维的随机对照研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(4):273-280.
[20]杨晓帆.山东省合同制护士工作环境与工作满意度及离职倾向相关性研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012:21.
[21]Bolton LB,Aronow HU.The business case for TCAB[J].Am J Nurs,2009,109(11):77-80.
[22]Abou EH.Relationship between ethical work climate and nurses' perception of organizational support,commitment,job satisfaction and turnover intent[J].Nurs Ethics,2017,24(2):151-166.
[23]Negussie N,Demissie A.Relationship between leadership styles of nurese managers and nurses' job satisfaction in Jimma university specialized hospital[J].Ethiop J Health Sci,2013,23(1):49-58.
[24]Kristeller J,Wolever RQ,Sheets V.Mindfulness-based eating awareness training (MB-EAT) for binge eating:a randomized clinical Trial[J].Mindfulness,2014,5(3):282-297.
[25]Veehof MM,Trompetter HR,Bohlmeijer ET,et al.Acceptance-and mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of chronic pain:a meta-analytic review[J].Cogn Behav Ther,2016,45(1):5-31.
[26]庞娇艳,柏涌海,唐晓晨,等.正念减压疗法在护士职业倦怠干预中的应用[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(10):1529-1536.
[27]徐慰,刘兴华.正念训练提升幸福感的研究综述[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2013,27(3):197-202.
[28]姚阿丽,贾秀萍,卢明,等.某省公立医院医务人员薪酬水平与工作满意度关系研究[J].医学与哲学(A):,2016,37(10):56-59.
[29]陈瑜,曾丽娟,杨文娇.本科护生对精神病患者歧视现状及其与精神病接触程度的相关性分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(21):34-37.