叠氮化钠对玉米根尖细胞遗传毒性的研究
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摘要
目的:以玉米根尖为材料,研究叠氮化钠对玉米根尖细胞遗传毒性的影响。方法:用不同浓度的叠氮化钠溶液(0.002 mmol/L、0.02 mmol/L、0.2 mmol/L)作为化学诱变剂,分别对玉米根尖进行8 h、16 h、24 h的染毒处理。采用常规染色体压片技术,在光学显微镜下观察玉米根尖细胞染色体结构变异情况,并测定玉米根尖细胞的有丝分裂指数,染色体畸变率和微核率。结果:叠氮化钠能影响玉米根尖细胞染色体的结构,出现了不同的畸变现象,包括多极、成环、桥(单桥和多桥)、滞后、不均等分裂、断片、微核等,并随着叠氮化钠溶液浓度升高和染毒时间加长,有丝分裂指数逐渐下降,染色体畸变率和微核率逐渐上升。结论:叠氮化钠对玉米根尖染色体的结构有影响,对玉米根尖有毒害作用,所以我们要合理地使用以叠氮化钠为原料的除草剂。
Objective: The effects of sodium azide on the genetic toxicity of maize root tip cells were studied. Methods: Different concentrations of sodium azide solution(0.002, 0.02, 0.2 mmol/L) were used as chemical mutagens to treat the root tip of maize at 8 h, 16 h and 24 h, respectively. The chromosomal structure variation of maize root tip cells was observed under a light microscope using conventional chromosome compression techniques. The mitotic index, chromosome aberration rate, and micronucleus rate of maize root tip cells were determined. RESULTS: Sodium azide could affect the chromosome structure of maize root tip cells, and there were different aberrations, including multipolar, ring formation, bridge(single and multi-bridge), hysteresis, inhomogeneous division, fragmentation, micronucleus, etc. As the concentration of sodium azide solution increases and the exposure time increases, the mitotic index gradually decreases, and the chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate increase gradually.Conclusion: This experiment demonstrates that sodium azide has an effect on the structure of chromosomes in maize root tips, and has obvious toxic effects on corn root tips. Therefore, we must rationally use herbicides based on sodium azide.
Objective: The effects of sodium azide on the genetic toxicity of maize root tip cells were studied. Methods: Different concentrations of sodium azide solution(0.002, 0.02, 0.2 mmol/L) were used as chemical mutagens to treat the root tip of maize at 8 h, 16 h and 24 h, respectively. The chromosomal structure variation of maize root tip cells was observed under a light microscope using conventional chromosome compression techniques. The mitotic index, chromosome aberration rate, and micronucleus rate of maize root tip cells were determined. RESULTS: Sodium azide could affect the chromosome structure of maize root tip cells, and there were different aberrations, including multipolar, ring formation, bridge(single and multi-bridge), hysteresis, inhomogeneous division, fragmentation, micronucleus, etc. As the concentration of sodium azide solution increases and the exposure time increases, the mitotic index gradually decreases, and the chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate increase gradually.Conclusion: This experiment demonstrates that sodium azide has an effect on the structure of chromosomes in maize root tips, and has obvious toxic effects on corn root tips. Therefore, we must rationally use herbicides based on sodium azide.
引文
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[2]钮力亚,于亮,付晶,等.叠氮化钠在农作物育种中的应用[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(12):52-57.
[3]朱徵.植物染色体的常规压片技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1982:24-27.
[4]易岚,李国庆,赵欣,等.硫酸铜对玉米根尖细胞遗传毒性效应的研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2009,26(03):220-221.
[5]李国庆,赵艳,易岚等. 重铬酸钾对玉米根尖毒性效应的细胞遗传学研[J].湖南工业大学学报,2007,21(4):51-54.
[6]张志雯,秦素平,陈于和,等.硫酸铜对小麦根尖细胞的遗传毒性[J]. 麦类作物学报,2014, 34(10):1350-1354.
[7]张竞秋,李卓.胺磺灵诱导小麦根尖染色体结构的变异[J].华北农学报,2008,2:80-83.
[8]陈冬朋,于丽杰,朱宏.硝酸铅对小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn)根尖有丝分裂的影响[J].哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,2010,26(02):65-68.
[9] 姜振峰,刘志华,李文滨,等.叠氮化钠对大豆M1的生物学诱变效应[J].核农学报,2006(03):208-210.
[10]陈立阳.除草剂诱发洋葱根尖细胞遗传畸变研究[J]. 生物技术, 2010(17):177-179.
[11]高建国,李宗芸,朱心才,等.硫酸铈铵对玉米根尖细胞的遗传毒性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2007,2:9-12.
[12]刘建霞,侍亚敏,温日宇,等.晋藜1号种子及幼苗对叠氮化钠诱变的响应种子[J],2018,37(1):80-83.
[13]王萍,王罡,倪文艳,等.叠氮化钠对油葵生物学效应的研究[J].中国油料,1996,18(4):17-19.