音频大地电磁法在探测地下水中的应用——以湛江南木水为例
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摘要
本文通过在广东省湛江市省级生态农业示范区——南木水地区进行地下水探测拟解决当地的生活用水问题.该区域主要为燕山期花岗岩,本文采用了音频大地电磁法(AMT)勘探方法,从构造分析出发,选择三个有利区域(分别为A、B、C、区),布设了10条AMT勘探线,共166个测点,进行野外数据.对野外数据进行了一系列预处理、反演和电阻率成像得到各线的剖面图.分析研究剖面图和切片图,确定了三个可能含水的低阻带以及三口钻井的位置.其中C区已经打井取水,出水50 m~3/h,很好地验证了AMT方法在硬岩地区进行地下水探测的实用性和有效性.
In recent years, chemical agents such as fertilizers and pesticides have caused serious pollution to groundwater and surface water bodies in many parts of southern China have posed a threat to human health because of the development of agriculture. Therefore, it is difficult to explore ground water in hard rock area, but people have no choice but to prospect and employ the groundwater. In this study, Audio-frequency Magnetotelluric(AMT) was carried out to delineate ground-bearing zones in the Nanmushui area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province. Based on the tectonic analysis, 10 survey lines were conducted along the river valleys and three positive zones of groundwater were identified due to the low resistivity images. One test drill was carried out to check out results of AMT survey and the capacity of the drill was 50 cubic meters per hour. So, the exploration validates the advantage of AMT method in groundwater exploration and this survey offers alternative freshwater source for local people.
In recent years, chemical agents such as fertilizers and pesticides have caused serious pollution to groundwater and surface water bodies in many parts of southern China have posed a threat to human health because of the development of agriculture. Therefore, it is difficult to explore ground water in hard rock area, but people have no choice but to prospect and employ the groundwater. In this study, Audio-frequency Magnetotelluric(AMT) was carried out to delineate ground-bearing zones in the Nanmushui area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province. Based on the tectonic analysis, 10 survey lines were conducted along the river valleys and three positive zones of groundwater were identified due to the low resistivity images. One test drill was carried out to check out results of AMT survey and the capacity of the drill was 50 cubic meters per hour. So, the exploration validates the advantage of AMT method in groundwater exploration and this survey offers alternative freshwater source for local people.
引文
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Chen S,Yu S W,Liu H Q,et al. 2017. Application of high density electrical method in hydrogeological investigation-A case of Jiangpingyufu [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(02): 849-855. doi: 10.6038/pg20170254.陈松,余绍文,刘怀庆,等 2017. 高密度电法在水文地质调查中的应用研究——以江平圩幅为例[J]. 地球物理学进展,32(02): 849-855. doi: 10.6038/pg20170254.
Di Q Y,Shi K F,Wang M Y,et al. 2001. CSAMT method and high-density electricity detection of groundwater resources [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),16(3): 53-57,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.03.007.底青云,石昆法,王妙月,等. 2001,CSAMT法和高密度电法探测地下水资源[J]. 地球物理学进展,16(3): 53-57,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.03.007.
Huang L J,Meng Y S,Lu G F. 2007. Application of controllable source audio magnetotelluric sounding in deep geothermal resources exploration [J]. Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinese),(S1): 60- 63,12.黄力军,孟银生,陆桂福. 2007. 可控源音频大地电磁测深在深部地热资源勘查中的应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术,(S1): 60- 63,12.
Huang M J,Liu S. 2013. On application of AMT and CSAMT to geothermal exploration—a case study of the geothermal exploration in Pingli river,Pingtang County of Guizhou Province [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(03): 351-356.黄明景,刘松. 2013. AMT与CSAMT在地热勘查中的应用探讨——以贵州省平塘县平里河地热勘查为例[J]. 工程地球物理学报,10(03): 351-356.
Jiang C D,Lin J,Duan Q M,et al. 2011. Theoretical study on groundwater detection of two-dimensional array nuclear magnetic resonance [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),54(11): 2973-2983. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.028.蒋川东,林君,段清明,等. 2011. 二维阵列线圈核磁共振地下水探测理论研究[J]. 地球物理学报,54(11): 2973-2983. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.028.
Li H. 2015. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric method in geothermal exploration of Songjiang river[Master’s thesis]. Changchun: Jilin University.李鹤. 2015. 可控源音频大地电磁法在松江河某区地热勘查中的应用[硕士论文]. 长春:吉林大学.
Li W R,Zhang G,Wang J,et al. 2013. Application of CSAMT in deep geothermal exploration in Jinzhou,Liaoning province [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(02): 151-155.李万荣,张国,王瑾,等. 2013. CSAMT在辽宁锦州深部地热勘探中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报,10(02): 151-155.
Lin J. 2010. Research status and development trend of NMR water search technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(02): 681- 691. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.02.043.林君. 2010. 核磁共振找水技术的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(02): 681- 691. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.02.043.
Liu J X,Guo Z W,Guo R W,et al. 2009. The application of CSAMT and gravity method in deep geophysical exploration of lion lake hot spring [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),24(05): 1868-1873,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.043.柳建新,郭振威,郭荣文,等. 2009. CSAMT和重力方法在狮子湖温泉深部地球物理勘查中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,24(5): 1868-1873,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.043.
Liu J X,Ma C Y,Sun L Y,et al. 2014. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric sounding method in geothermal prospecting [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),11(03): 319-325.柳建新,麻昌英,孙丽影,等. 2014. 可控源音频大地电磁测深法在地热勘探中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报,11(03): 319-325.
Liu L. 2014. Application of audio magnetotelluric sounding in geothermal exploration [Master’s thesis]. Chengdu University of Technology.刘垒. 2014. 音频大地电磁测深在地热勘查中的应用研究[硕士论文]. 成都理工大学.
Lu Y X,Chen J R,Chen H G,et al. 2011. A Summary of application of multiparameter intensive radar sounding in china [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),26(04): 1448-1456. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.04.041.陆云祥,陈建荣,陈华根,等. 2011. 我国多参数激电测深找水应用综述[J]. 地球物理学进展,26(04): 1448-1456. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.04.041.
McNeill J. D. 1990. Use of electromagnetic methods for groundwater studies [J]. Geotech Environ Geophys,1:191-218.
Sharma S,Baranwal V C. 2005. Delineation of groundwater-bearing fracture zones in a hard rock area integrating very low frequency electromagnetic and resistivity data [J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics,57(2): 155-166.
Tian B L. 2012. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric method in geothermal resources exploration in Ning’an City,Heilongjiang province [Master’s thesis]. Changchun:Jilin University.田必林. 2012. 可控源音频大地电磁法在黑龙江省宁安市地热资源勘查中的应用[硕士论文]. 长春:吉林大学.
Wu B,Cao J X,Zou J. et al. 2011. Application of audio magnetotelluric sounding method in geothermal exploration of Kangding Xiaoreshui [J]. Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinse),33(05): 507-510.武斌,曹俊兴,邹俊,等. 2011. 音频大地电磁测深法在康定小热水地热勘查研究中应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术,33(05): 507-510.
Wu L P,Shi K F,Li Y H,et al. 1996. Application of CSAMT in groundwater exploration [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),39(05): 712-717,723-724.吴璐苹,石昆法,李荫槐,等. 1996. 可控源音频大地电磁法在地下水勘查中的应用研究[J]. 地球物理学报,39(05): 712-717,723-724.
Zeng Z F,Chen X,Li J,et al. 2012. New progress in geothermal geophysical exploration [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),27(01): 168-178,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.01.019.曾昭发,陈雄,李静,等. 2012. 地热地球物理勘探新进展[J]. 地球物理学进展,27(01): 168-178,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.01.019.
Zhang Q W,An Z G,Lin W S,et al. 2010. Research on CSAMT investigation of Olympic emergency water sources in district of Chaobai river and Huaihe river in Beijing [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(01): 337-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.045.张琦伟,安志国,林万顺,等. 2010. 北京市潮白河、怀河地区奥运应急水源地CSAMT勘查研究[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(01): 337-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.045.
Zhang Z H,Wang J C,Dai K M. 2014. Application of CSAMT in geothermal exploration in coastal area [J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),38(04): 680- 683.张作宏,王军成,戴康明. 2014. CSAMT在沿海围垦区地热勘查中的应用[J]. 物探与化探,38(04): 680- 683.
Zhou H F,Liu C,Shi K F. 2003. Research Progress of geothermal resources exploration methods [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),18(04): 656- 661,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2003.04.014.周厚芳,刘闯,石昆法. 2003. 地热资源探测方法研究进展[J]. 地球物理学进展,18(04): 656- 661,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2003.04.014.
Chen S,Yu S W,Liu H Q,et al. 2017. Application of high density electrical method in hydrogeological investigation-A case of Jiangpingyufu [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(02): 849-855. doi: 10.6038/pg20170254.陈松,余绍文,刘怀庆,等 2017. 高密度电法在水文地质调查中的应用研究——以江平圩幅为例[J]. 地球物理学进展,32(02): 849-855. doi: 10.6038/pg20170254.
Di Q Y,Shi K F,Wang M Y,et al. 2001. CSAMT method and high-density electricity detection of groundwater resources [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),16(3): 53-57,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.03.007.底青云,石昆法,王妙月,等. 2001,CSAMT法和高密度电法探测地下水资源[J]. 地球物理学进展,16(3): 53-57,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.03.007.
Huang L J,Meng Y S,Lu G F. 2007. Application of controllable source audio magnetotelluric sounding in deep geothermal resources exploration [J]. Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinese),(S1): 60- 63,12.黄力军,孟银生,陆桂福. 2007. 可控源音频大地电磁测深在深部地热资源勘查中的应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术,(S1): 60- 63,12.
Huang M J,Liu S. 2013. On application of AMT and CSAMT to geothermal exploration—a case study of the geothermal exploration in Pingli river,Pingtang County of Guizhou Province [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(03): 351-356.黄明景,刘松. 2013. AMT与CSAMT在地热勘查中的应用探讨——以贵州省平塘县平里河地热勘查为例[J]. 工程地球物理学报,10(03): 351-356.
Jiang C D,Lin J,Duan Q M,et al. 2011. Theoretical study on groundwater detection of two-dimensional array nuclear magnetic resonance [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),54(11): 2973-2983. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.028.蒋川东,林君,段清明,等. 2011. 二维阵列线圈核磁共振地下水探测理论研究[J]. 地球物理学报,54(11): 2973-2983. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.11.028.
Li H. 2015. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric method in geothermal exploration of Songjiang river[Master’s thesis]. Changchun: Jilin University.李鹤. 2015. 可控源音频大地电磁法在松江河某区地热勘查中的应用[硕士论文]. 长春:吉林大学.
Li W R,Zhang G,Wang J,et al. 2013. Application of CSAMT in deep geothermal exploration in Jinzhou,Liaoning province [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(02): 151-155.李万荣,张国,王瑾,等. 2013. CSAMT在辽宁锦州深部地热勘探中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报,10(02): 151-155.
Lin J. 2010. Research status and development trend of NMR water search technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(02): 681- 691. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.02.043.林君. 2010. 核磁共振找水技术的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(02): 681- 691. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.02.043.
Liu J X,Guo Z W,Guo R W,et al. 2009. The application of CSAMT and gravity method in deep geophysical exploration of lion lake hot spring [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),24(05): 1868-1873,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.043.柳建新,郭振威,郭荣文,等. 2009. CSAMT和重力方法在狮子湖温泉深部地球物理勘查中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,24(5): 1868-1873,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.043.
Liu J X,Ma C Y,Sun L Y,et al. 2014. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric sounding method in geothermal prospecting [J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),11(03): 319-325.柳建新,麻昌英,孙丽影,等. 2014. 可控源音频大地电磁测深法在地热勘探中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报,11(03): 319-325.
Liu L. 2014. Application of audio magnetotelluric sounding in geothermal exploration [Master’s thesis]. Chengdu University of Technology.刘垒. 2014. 音频大地电磁测深在地热勘查中的应用研究[硕士论文]. 成都理工大学.
Lu Y X,Chen J R,Chen H G,et al. 2011. A Summary of application of multiparameter intensive radar sounding in china [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),26(04): 1448-1456. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.04.041.陆云祥,陈建荣,陈华根,等. 2011. 我国多参数激电测深找水应用综述[J]. 地球物理学进展,26(04): 1448-1456. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2011.04.041.
McNeill J. D. 1990. Use of electromagnetic methods for groundwater studies [J]. Geotech Environ Geophys,1:191-218.
Sharma S,Baranwal V C. 2005. Delineation of groundwater-bearing fracture zones in a hard rock area integrating very low frequency electromagnetic and resistivity data [J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics,57(2): 155-166.
Tian B L. 2012. Application of controlled source audio magnetotelluric method in geothermal resources exploration in Ning’an City,Heilongjiang province [Master’s thesis]. Changchun:Jilin University.田必林. 2012. 可控源音频大地电磁法在黑龙江省宁安市地热资源勘查中的应用[硕士论文]. 长春:吉林大学.
Wu B,Cao J X,Zou J. et al. 2011. Application of audio magnetotelluric sounding method in geothermal exploration of Kangding Xiaoreshui [J]. Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinse),33(05): 507-510.武斌,曹俊兴,邹俊,等. 2011. 音频大地电磁测深法在康定小热水地热勘查研究中应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术,33(05): 507-510.
Wu L P,Shi K F,Li Y H,et al. 1996. Application of CSAMT in groundwater exploration [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),39(05): 712-717,723-724.吴璐苹,石昆法,李荫槐,等. 1996. 可控源音频大地电磁法在地下水勘查中的应用研究[J]. 地球物理学报,39(05): 712-717,723-724.
Zeng Z F,Chen X,Li J,et al. 2012. New progress in geothermal geophysical exploration [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),27(01): 168-178,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.01.019.曾昭发,陈雄,李静,等. 2012. 地热地球物理勘探新进展[J]. 地球物理学进展,27(01): 168-178,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.01.019.
Zhang Q W,An Z G,Lin W S,et al. 2010. Research on CSAMT investigation of Olympic emergency water sources in district of Chaobai river and Huaihe river in Beijing [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(01): 337-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.045.张琦伟,安志国,林万顺,等. 2010. 北京市潮白河、怀河地区奥运应急水源地CSAMT勘查研究[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(01): 337-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.01.045.
Zhang Z H,Wang J C,Dai K M. 2014. Application of CSAMT in geothermal exploration in coastal area [J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),38(04): 680- 683.张作宏,王军成,戴康明. 2014. CSAMT在沿海围垦区地热勘查中的应用[J]. 物探与化探,38(04): 680- 683.
Zhou H F,Liu C,Shi K F. 2003. Research Progress of geothermal resources exploration methods [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),18(04): 656- 661,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2003.04.014.周厚芳,刘闯,石昆法. 2003. 地热资源探测方法研究进展[J]. 地球物理学进展,18(04): 656- 661,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2003.04.014.