100 t顶底复吹转炉冶炼过程矿相及硫磷变化规律解析
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摘要
研究了某钢厂100 t顶底复吹转炉炼钢过程中熔池金属成分、炉渣成分、温度的变化以及熔池脱碳、脱磷、脱硫的情况,检测了炉渣的成分变化和岩相结构。试验结果表明,吹炼终点时脱磷、脱硫反应偏离平衡值较远,转炉炼钢平均脱磷率为87%,平均脱硫率为30%。[C][O]积为0.004 5,降碳速度为0.429%/min,熔池平均升温速度为33.46℃/min,每增加1%质量分数的碳,钢水温度提高76.87℃。该厂炉龄大于5 000炉,导致碳氧积升高,从而影响了碳氧反应的动力学条件。炉渣碱度的变化对转炉脱磷率没有明显影响。增加初期烧结矿平均用量,提高前期化渣速度,可避免后期炉渣返干。
The variation of the composition of melt,slag and the temperature,the reaction of decarburization,dephosphorization and desulfurization of molten pool in a 100 t top and bottom combined with blown converter in a steel plant were studied. The composition change and petrographic structure of the slag were examined. The experimental results showed that the dephosphorization and desulfurization reactions were far from the equilibrium value at the end of the blowing finish. The average dephosphorization rate was 87%,and the average desulfurization rate was30%. The product of [C] and [O] was 0. 004 5,the rate of carbon reduction was 0. 429 %/min,the average heating rate of molten pool was 33. 46 ℃/min,the additon of each 1% C( by mass)increased the temperature of molten steel by 76. 87 ℃. The campaign life of the plant exceeded 5 000 heats,so the product of carbon and oxygen increased,thereby affecting the dynamic conditions of carbon oxygen reaction. The change of slag basicity has no obvious influence on dephosphorization rate. The increase in the average amount of presintering can improve the early slagging speed,avoiding slag redried during post blowing period.
The variation of the composition of melt,slag and the temperature,the reaction of decarburization,dephosphorization and desulfurization of molten pool in a 100 t top and bottom combined with blown converter in a steel plant were studied. The composition change and petrographic structure of the slag were examined. The experimental results showed that the dephosphorization and desulfurization reactions were far from the equilibrium value at the end of the blowing finish. The average dephosphorization rate was 87%,and the average desulfurization rate was30%. The product of [C] and [O] was 0. 004 5,the rate of carbon reduction was 0. 429 %/min,the average heating rate of molten pool was 33. 46 ℃/min,the additon of each 1% C( by mass)increased the temperature of molten steel by 76. 87 ℃. The campaign life of the plant exceeded 5 000 heats,so the product of carbon and oxygen increased,thereby affecting the dynamic conditions of carbon oxygen reaction. The change of slag basicity has no obvious influence on dephosphorization rate. The increase in the average amount of presintering can improve the early slagging speed,avoiding slag redried during post blowing period.
引文
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[3]朱志红.低磷钢生产工艺研究[J].重型机械科技,2005(3):14-19.
[4]陈家祥.钢铁冶金学——炼钢部分[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2009.
[5]杜锋.铁水脱磷预处理工艺的发展[J].上海金属,1999,21(6):16-19.
[6]韩宇,张明博,袁娜,等.100 t转炉应用石灰石造渣半钢炼钢工业实践[J].上海金属,2017,39(2):50-54.
[7]佩尔克R D.氧气顶吹转炉炼钢[M].邵象华,楼盛赫,译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1980.
[8]吴伟,邹宗树,郭振和,等.复吹转炉最佳成渣路线的探讨[J].钢铁研究学报,2004,16(1):21-24.
[9]GAYE H,WANIN M.Vitesse de Fusion de Ferrailles au Convertisseur[J].Revue De Metallurgie-CIT,1986,83(11):793-806.